Project description:We used the bioluminescent squid symbiont, Vibrio fischeri, to identify essential regulatory factors that control expression and function of a strain-specific T6SS encoded within a genomic island. Random transposon mutagenesis revealed that three genes located on the T6SS2-encoding genomic island are necessary to activate expression of a T6SS reporter. We used a proteomics approach to identify proteins that were differentially abundant in mutant strains compared to the wild type when cells were grown in a high-viscosity media.
Project description:Subgroup K avian leukosis virus (ALV-K) is a new subgroup of avian leukosis virus (ALV) first identified in Chinese indigenous chickens in recent years. In this study, an ALV-K strain was isolated from Luhua chicken in Shandong province, China, and designated SD20LH01. The full-length genomic sequence of SD20LH01 was 7491 bp, which had the highest homology with ALV-K reference strains GDFX0601, GDFX0602 and GDFX0603. The nucleotide homology of env gene of SD20LH01 with reference strains of subgroup A, B, C, D, E, and J was ranged from 57.1 to 93.2%, while 94.1 to 99.4% with other ALV-K reference strains. The nucleotide difference of SD20LH01 mainly clustered with gp85 gene and U3 sequence when compared with the reference strain of ALV-K. In order to investigate the pathogenicity of SD20LH01, SPF chicken embryos were infected by yolk sac inoculation, and 1-day-old chickens were infected by intraperitoneal inoculation of SD20LH01. The results showed that yolk sac inoculation of SD20LH01 could induce persistent viremia, growth retardation and reduce the immune response to NDV and AIV-H9 vaccines. However, intraperitoneal inoculation in 1-day-old chickens could only induce a low level of viremia. In addition, no tumors were found in infected chickens during the animal experiments. This study enriched the genomic sequence data of ALV-K isolated in Chinese indigenous chickens, and laid a foundation for further study on the pathogenesis and prevention of ALV-K.
Project description:Here, we report genome sequences of the two bioluminescent S. aureus strains Xen31 and Xen36, obtained from PerkinElmer (#119242 and #119243, respectively). Xen31 was derived from the parental MRSA strain ATCC33591, a clinical strain isolated at Elmhurst Hospital in New York City. Xen36 was derived from parental strain ATCC 49525, a clinical isolate from a bacteremic patient. A copy of the modified luxABCDE operon from Photorhadbus luminescenst is integrated in the chromosome of Xen31 and in a native plasmid of Xen36.
Project description:Folsomia candida (Collembola) is able to survive dryer conditions by absorbing water vapour from its surroundings. To unravel the genomic responses underlying this intriguing water-absorption mechanism, we exposed the species to 98.2% Relative Humidity (eight, 27, 53 and 174 hours respectively) and subjected it to microarray based transcription profiling.
Project description:Background –Limited universally adopted data standards in veterinary science hinders data interoperability and therefore integration and comparison; this ultimately impedes application of existing information-based tools to support advancement in veterinary diagnostics, treatments, and precision medicine.Hypothesis/objectives –Creation of a Vertebrate Breed Ontology (VBO) as a single, coherent logic-based standard for documenting breed names in animal health, production and research-related records will improve data use capabilities in veterinary and comparative medicine.Animals –No live animals were used in this study.Methods –A list of breed names and related information was compiled from relevant sources, organizations, communities, and experts using manual and computational approaches to create VBO. Each breed is represented by a VBO term that includes all provenance and the breed's related information as metadata. VBO terms are classified using description logic to allow computational applications and Artificial Intelligence-readiness.Results –VBO is an open, community-driven ontology representing over 19,000 livestock and companion animal breeds covering 41 species. Breeds are classified based on community and expert conventions (e.g., horse breed, cattle breed). This classification is supported by relations to the breeds' genus and species indicated by NCBI Taxonomy terms. Relationships between VBO terms, e.g. relating breeds to their foundation stock, provide additional context to support advanced data analytics. VBO term metadata includes common names and synonyms, breed identifiers/codes, and attributed cross-references to other databases.Conclusion and clinical importance –Veterinary data interoperability and computability can be enhanced by the adoption of VBO as a source of standard breed names in databases and veterinary electronic health records.