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Evolutionary history of host, rather than plant phylogeny, determines gene expression in a generalist butterfly

ABSTRACT: Evolutionary history of host, rather than plant phylogeny, determines gene expression in a generalist butterfly

PROVIDER: PRJEB10719 | ENA |

REPOSITORIES: ENA

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			Action	DRS
	ERR1013040_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	ERR1013040_2.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	ERR1013050_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	ERR1013050_2.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	ERR1013060_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz

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Evolutionary history of host, rather than plant phylogeny, determines gene expression in a generalist butterfly

Project description:Here we studied Vanessa cardui, the species with the widest diet breadth among butterflies and a potential insect pest, by comparing tissue-specific transcriptomes from caterpillars that were fed six different host plants. We tested whether the similarities of gene-expression response reflect the evolutionary history of adaptation to these plants in the Vanessa and related genera, against the null hypothesis of transcriptional profiles reflecting plant phylogenetic relatedness. Science for Life Laboratory (SciLifeLab, Sweden) conducted the sequencing of RNA samples. The cDNA libraries (Illumina TruSeq RNA) were sequenced using the Illumina HiSeq 2000 platform using 100-bp paired-end sequencing. We obtained more than 9 million read-pairs from seventy one cDNA libraries sequenced and the transcriptome assembly (TA) of these sequences resulted in 213, 237 transcripts (162,189 components) with a contig N50 of 2,193 bp. Thus, we covered approximately 300x the transcriptome of caterpillars of the species V. cardui.

2015-11-18 | E-MTAB-3861 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Evolutionary history of host use, rather than plant phylogeny, determines gene expression in a generalist butterfly.

Project description:BackgroundAlthough most insect species are specialized on one or few groups of plants, there are phytophagous insects that seem to use virtually any kind of plant as food. Understanding the nature of this ability to feed on a wide repertoire of plants is crucial for the control of pest species and for the elucidation of the macroevolutionary mechanisms of speciation and diversification of insect herbivores. Here we studied Vanessa cardui, the species with the widest diet breadth among butterflies and a potential insect pest, by comparing tissue-specific transcriptomes from caterpillars that were reared on different host plants. We tested whether the similarities of gene-expression response reflect the evolutionary history of adaptation to these plants in the Vanessa and related genera, against the null hypothesis of transcriptional profiles reflecting plant phylogenetic relatedness.ResultUsing both unsupervised and supervised methods of data analysis, we found that the tissue-specific patterns of caterpillar gene expression are better explained by the evolutionary history of adaptation of the insects to the plants than by plant phylogeny.ConclusionOur findings suggest that V. cardui may use two sets of expressed genes to achieve polyphagy, one associated with the ancestral capability to consume Rosids and Asterids, and another allowing the caterpillar to incorporate a wide range of novel host-plants.

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Project description:Long-term coexistence between cyanobacteria and their lytic viruses (cyanophages) in the oceans is thought to be due to the presence of sensitive cells in which cyanophages reproduce, ultimately killing the cell, while other cyanobacteria survive due to resistance to infection. Here we investigated resistance strategies in naturally resistant cyanobacteria and compared strategies against generalist and specialist cyanophages. Resistance was extracellular in most interactions against specialist cyanophages, preventing entry into the cell. In contrast, resistance was intracellular in practically all interactions against generalist cyanophages. Intriguingly, the stage of intracellular arrest was interaction-specific, halting at various stages of the infection cycle. These findings unveil a heavy cost of promiscuous entry of generalist phages into non-host cells that is rarely paid by specialists, potential unknown mechanisms of intracellular resistance and that the range for viral-mediated horizontal gene transfer extends much beyond just hosts.

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