Project description:Crab is one of the major source for V. parahaemolyticus outbreak among aquatic products in Northeast Asian due to improperly cooking and wound infection by mishandling. However, there is no report on whole genome sequence of V. parahaemolyticus isolated from contaminated crab, thus no information is available for major virulence factors about V. parahaemolyticus obtained from crab. Therefore, the analysis of transcriptome of isolated V. parahaemolyticus from crab products are necessary to investigate potential risk of foodborne illness by contaminated products.
Project description:The Tibellus genus spider is an active hunter that does not spin webs and remains highly underinvestigated in terms of the venom composition. Here, we present a combination of venom glands transcriptome cDNA analysis, venom proteome analysis for unveiling of the Tibellus genus spider venom composition.
Project description:C5aR1, a receptor for the complement activation proinflammatory fragment, C5a, is primarily expressed on cells of the myeloid lineage, and to a lesser extent on endothelial cells and neurons in brain. Previous work demonstrated C5aR1 antagonist, PMX205, decreased amyloid pathology and suppressed cognitive deficits in Alzheimer Disease (AD) mouse models. In the Arctic AD mouse model, genetic deletion of C5aR1 prevented behavior deficits at 10 months. However, the molecular mechanisms of this protection has not been definitively demonstrated. To understand the role of microglial C5aR1 in the Arctic AD mouse model, we have taken advantage of the CX3CR1GFP and CCR2RFP reporter mice to distinguish microglia as GFP-positive and infiltrating monocytes as GFP and RFP positive, for subsequent transcriptome analysis on specifically sorted myeloid populations from wild type and AD mouse models. Immunohistochemical analysis of mice aged to 2, 5, 7 and 10 months showed no change in amyloid beta (Ab) deposition in the Arctic C5aR1 knockout (KO) mice relative to that seen in the Arctic mice. Of importance, no CCR2+ monocytes/macrophages were found near the plaques in the Arctic brain with or without C5aR1. RNA-seq analysis on microglia from these mice identified inflammation related genes as differentially expressed, with increased expression in the Arctic mice relative to wildtype and decreased expression in the Arctic/C5aR1KO relative to Arctic. In addition, phagosomal-lysosomal proteins and protein degradation pathways that were increased in the Arctic mice were further increased in the Arctic/C5aR1KO mice. These data are consistent with a microglial polarization state with restricted induction of inflammatory genes and enhancement of clearance pathways.
Project description:Purpose:The mud crab Scylla paramamosain is an economically important marine crab in China suffering from severe outbreaks of infectious disease caused by marine bacteria such as Vibrio Parahaemolyticus, resulting in great economic losses. However, the mechanisms involved in the immune response of this crab to bacterial infection are not fully understood. To understand the molecular mechanisms underlying the immune response to such pathogenic bacteria, we used high-throughput deep sequencing technology to investigate the transcriptome and comparative expression profiles of the mud crab S.paramamosain infected with V.parahaemolyticus. Methods: The hemocytes sampled at 0-24h after infection with V.parahaemolyticus were used for transcriptome analysis. The hemocytes sampled at 24 h after injections with V.parahaemolyticus and no injected 0h(as control) were used for gene expression profiling analysis. Results: A total of 52,934,042 reads were obtained and assembled into 186,193 contigs in transcriptional responses of the V.parahaemolyticus-infected mud crab. Via annotation to the NCBI database and the Swissprot database, we obtained 48,934 identified unigenes. In total, 10,139(20.7%) unigenes were classified into Gene Ontology, and 25,349 unigenes were found in 20 KEGG categories. These genes included representatives from almost all functional categories. By using Solexa/Illumina's DeepSAGE, 1213 differentially expressed genes (P value < 0.05) were detected in comparative analysis of the expression profiles between V.parahaemolyticus-infected crabs and control crabs, including 538 remarkably upregulated genes and 675 remarkably downregulated genes. Conclusions: Based on our results, we conclude that the inflammatory response may play an important role in the early stages of infection. The signaling cascades such as the chemokine, JAK-STAT, and MAPK pathways are regulated by V.parahaemolyticus infection. These results revealed changes of multiple signaling pathways involved in immunity during V.parahaemolyticus infection, which will facilitate our comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms involved in the immune response to bacterial infection in the mud crab.