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Mechanisms preserving insulin action during high dietary fat intake in healthy men

ABSTRACT: Mechanisms preserving insulin action during high dietary fat intake in healthy men

PROVIDER: PRJEB27768 | ENA |

REPOSITORIES: ENA

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			Action	DRS
	ERR2698850_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	ERR2698850_2.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	ERR2698860_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	ERR2698860_2.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	ERR2698870_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz

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Mechanisms preserving insulin action during high dietary fat intake in healthy men

Project description:Prolonged intervention studies investigating molecular metabolism are necessary for a deeper understanding of dietary effects on health. Here we provide mechanistic information about metabolic adaptation to fat-rich diets. Healthy men ingested saturated (SFA) or poly unsaturated (PUFA) fat-rich diets for six weeks during weight maintenance. Hyperinsulinemic clamps combined with leg balance technique revealed unchanged peripheral insulin sensitivity, independent of fatty acid type. Both diets increased fat oxidation potential in muscle. Hepatic insulin clearance increased, while glucose production, de novo lipogenesis and plasma triacylglycerol decreased. High fat intake changed the plasma proteome in immune-supporting direction and the gut microbiome displayed changes at taxonomical and functional level with PUFA. In mice, eucaloric feeding of human PUFA and SFA diets lowered hepatic triacylglycerol content compared to low-fat fed control mice, and induced adaptations in the liver supportive of decreased gluconeogenesis and lipogenesis. Intake of fat-rich diets thus induces extensive metabolic adaptations enabling disposition of dietary fat without metabolic complications.

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CagriSema drives weight loss in rats by reducing energy intake and preserving energy expenditure

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CagriSema drives weight loss in rats by reducing energy intake and preserving energy expenditure

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Acute effects of different dietary fatty acids on the gene expression profiles of PBMCs of healthy young men

Project description:Acute effects of different dietary fatty acids on the gene expression profiles of peripheral blood mononuclear cells in healthy young men. A randomized cross-over study. Gene expression profiles of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) have been used to reflect pathological and physiological states of humans. We theorized that these cells could also be used to show fatty acid specific gene expression profiles. Since most individuals are in a postprandial state for the main part of the day, knowledge about acute effects of diet is highly valuable. In a cross over study, 21 healthy male volunteers were given shakes containing mainly polyunsaturated or saturated fatty acids. Before and 6 hours after intake of the shakes blood was taken and PBMCs were isolated to use for whole genome gene expression profiling, using Affymetrix NuGO_Hs1a52018 arrays. PUFA intake showed an decrease in LXR signaling and an increase in cellular stress response, while SFA intake showed an increase in LXR signaling.We conclude that PBMCs can reveal a fatty acid specific gene expression profile and in this study show an adverse effect on cellular stress responses of immune cells upon high PUFA intake. We hypothesize that these cells can therefore be used as biomarkers to reflect the capacity of cells to response to cellular stressors, such as fatty acids. Keywords: Acute fatty acid shake cross-over intervention study

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High-protein intake eliminates the weight loss-induced improvement in insulin sensitivity

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