Species Divergence in Iris Series Sibiricae (Iridaceae) Based on Chloroplast DNA Sequence Data
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ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJEB33054 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:Species Divergence in Iris SeriesSibiricae
| PRJEB33053 | ENA
Project description:Drosophila melanogaster Iris, Iris, is differentially expressed in 14 experiment(s);
| FBgn0031305 | ExpressionAtlas
Project description:Drosophila melanogaster Iris, Iris, is expressed in 3 baseline experiment(s);
| FBgn0031305 | ExpressionAtlas
Project description:The Iris series Chinenses in Korea comprises four species (I. minutoaurea, I. odaesanensis, I. koreana, and I. rossii), and the group includes some endangered species, owing to their high ornamental, economic, and conservation values. Among them, the putative allotetraploid, Iris koreana (2n = 4x = 50), is hypothesized to have originated from the hybridization of the diploids I. minutoaurea (2n = 2x = 22) and I. odaesanensis (2n = 2x = 28) based on morphological characters, chromosome numbers, and genome size additivity. Despite extensive morphological and molecular phylogenetical studies on the genus Iris, little is known about Korean irises in terms of their complete chloroplast (cp) genomes and molecular cytogenetics that involve rDNA loci evolution based on fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). This study reports comparative analyses of the karyotypes of the three Iris species (I. koreana, I. odaesanensis, and I. minutoaurea), with an emphasis on the 5S and 35S rDNA loci number and localization using FISH together with the genome size and chromosome number. Moreover, the cp genomes of the same individuals were sequenced and assembled for comparative analysis. The rDNA loci numbers, which were localized consistently at the same position in all species, and the chromosome numbers and genome size values of tetraploid Iris koreana (four 5S and 35S loci; 2n = 50; 1C = 7.35 pg) were additively compared to its putative diploid progenitors, I. minutoaurea (two 5S and 35S loci; 2n = 22; 1C = 3.71 pg) and I. odaesanensis (two 5S and 35S loci; 2n = 28; 1C = 3.68 pg). The chloroplast genomes were 152,259-155,145 bp in length, and exhibited a conserved quadripartite structure. The Iris cp genomes were highly conserved and similar to other Iridaceae cp genomes. Nucleotide diversity analysis indicated that all three species had similar levels of genetic variation, but the cp genomes of I. koreana and I. minutoaurea were more similar to each other than to I. odaesanensis. Positive selection was inferred for psbK and ycf2 genes of the three Iris species. Phylogenetic analyses consistently recovered I. odaesanensis as a sister to a clade containing I. koreana and I. minutoaurea. Although the phylogenetic relationship, rDNA loci number, and localization, together with the genome size and chromosome number of the three species, allowed for the inference of I. minutoaurea as a putative maternal taxon and I. odaesanensis as a paternal taxon, further analyses involving species-specific molecular cytogenetic markers and genomic in situ hybridization are required to interpret the mechanisms involved in the origin of the chromosomal variation in Iris series Chinenses. This study contributes towards the genomic and chromosomal evolution of the genus Iris.
| S-EPMC9504294 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Iris dabashanensis C.A.Wilson, sp. nov. and I. probstii C.A.Wilson, sp. nov. from China are described and illustrated. Both species occur on grassy slopes in mountainous regions of south-central China. The former is known from the Daba Mountains in rocky, calcareous soils associated with shrubs or mixed conifer and hardwood forests, while the latter is known from a region of karst terrain beside rice fields or under pine woods in Guizhou Province. Molecular data resolves both species in series Chinenses in a subclade that also includes I. odaesanensis, while morphologically they are similar to I. henryi. These newly described species are two of four members of series Chinenses that occur in south-central China.
| S-EPMC7508924 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Iris scariosa is a rhizomatous perennial whose taxonomy and distribution range still remain unclear. The results of our examination of literature, specimens, and wild plants have shown that I. glaucescens, described from Kazakhstan, and I. timofejewii, considered to be endemic to the Republic of Dagestan, Russia, are very closely related to I. scariosa. We have carried out molecular phylogenetic analyses for the first time to clarify the taxonomy of I. scariosa. For this, we sequenced six chloroplast DNA regions of an extended sampling that comprised the accepted species I. glaucescens and I. timofejewii, which has revealed their strong affinity to the accession of I. scariosa from the vicinity of Astrakhan, Russia. A thorough revision of the morphological characters has confirmed the lack of evident differences between I. scariosa and I. timofejewii. Thus, the analyses support a broad species circumscription of I. scariosa. We here reduce I. timofejewii, as well as I. curvifolia, considered to be endemic to Xinjiang, western China, to synonymy of I. scariosa. Color illustrations, updated nomenclature, and data on distribution of I. scariosa are provided. A lectotype for I. astrachanica and a neotype for I. timofejewii are designated here. Also, the phylogenetic relationships within I. subg. Iris are outlined, and an updated classification of the subgenus is proposed. We have recovered six major lineages within four major clades which we recognize as sections. Here, we propose two new nomenclatural combinations, a revised taxonomic treatment, and a new identification key to I. subg. Iris.
| S-EPMC11397725 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The species of Iris subser. Chrysographes are herbaceous perennials found mainly in southwestern and central China and also in the Eastern Himalayas. To date, six species have been recognized in this group. In the framework of its taxonomic revision, we have carried out molecular and morphological studies. For this, we have sequenced four chloroplast DNA regions (trnS-trnG, trnL-trnF, rps4-trnSGGA, and psbA-trnH) for 25 samples across the major distribution ranges of the six species. Our phylogenetic analyses evidence that I. subser. Chrysographes is indeed a monophyletic group, which is sister to I. subser. Sibiricae. Within I. subser. Chrysographes, we have recovered four divergent lineages further supported by diagnosable morphological traits and geographical distributions. In this context, our data confirm the recognition of I. clarkei, I. delavayi, and I. wilsonii in their traditional concepts. Furthermore, both molecular and morphological data support the close affinities and similar distribution ranges of I. bulleyana, I. chrysographes, and I. forrestii, which suggests including I. chrysographes and I. forrestii as color forms in I. bulleyana. A revised taxonomic treatment for the group, including the notes on the species distributions and habitats, and also an identification key to the species are provided.
| S-EPMC8621552 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Iris sect. Psammiris comprises rhizomatous perennials distributed in the north temperate zone of Eurasia. The systematics of the section are currently based on morphology, and the phylogenetic relationships within it still remain unclear. In the framework of Iris systematics, we conducted molecular and morphological analyses of the currently recognized I. sect. Psammiris species to elucidate the taxonomic composition and relationships within the section. The phylogenetic reconstructions based on sequence variation of four noncoding chloroplast DNA regions support the monophyly of I. sect. Psammiris, which includes I. tigridia, while I. potaninii var. ionantha belongs to I. sect. Pseudoregelia. The proposed novel classification of I. sect. Psammiris recognizes three series: an autonymic series with I. humilis, I. bloudowii, and I. vorobievii and two unispecific series (I. ser. Potaninia with I. potaninii and I. ser. Tigridiae with I. tigridia). In addition, the taxonomic statuses of I. arenaria, I. ivanovae, I. kamelinii, I. mandshurica, I. pineticola, I. psammocola, and I. schmakovii are clarified herein. We provide a revised taxonomic treatment for I. sect. Psammiris, including notes on the types; updated information on species synonymy, distributions, habitats, and chromosome numbers; and a new identification key to the species. Three lectotypes are designated here.
| S-EPMC10059751 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Chromosome numbers, karyotypes, and genome sizes of 14 Iris L. (Iridaceae Juss.) species in Korea and their closely related taxon, Sisyrinchium rosulatum, are presented and analyzed in a phylogenetic framework. To date, understanding the chromosomal evolution of Korean irises has been hampered by their high chromosome numbers. Here, we report analyses of chromosome numbers and karyotypes obtained via classic Feulgen staining and genome sizes measured using flow cytometry in Korean irises. More than a two-fold variation in chromosome numbers (2n = 22 to 2n = 50) and over a three-fold genome size variation (2.39 pg to 7.86 pg/1 C) suggest the putative polyploid and/or dysploid origin of some taxa. Our study demonstrates that the patterns of genome size variation and chromosome number changes in Korean irises do not correlate with the phylogenetic relationships and could have been affected by different evolutionary processes involving polyploidy or dysploidy. This study presents the first comprehensive chromosomal and genome size data for Korean Iris species. Further studies involving molecular cytogenetic and phylogenomic analyses are needed to interpret the mechanisms involved in the origin of chromosomal variation in the Iris.
| S-EPMC7650623 | biostudies-literature