Project description:The goals of this study are to compare different gene expressions for Penicillium oxalicum wild type strain (WT), CrzA deletion strain (ΔCrzA) and CrzA recover strain (ReCrzA) in 2% starch as carbon sources. The correlation analysis results between the various samples showed that the gene expression levels of the wild strain and the RecrzA strain were similar, and the gene expression levels between ΔcrzA and the wild strain were significantly different. The deletion of CrzA significantly down-regulates the expression levels of conidia pigment synthesis genes, and spore wall synthesis-related genes of Penicillium oxalicum, and also has a regulatory effect on the expression levels of genes related to the sporulation process. And the absence of CrzA can broadly down-regulate the expression level of cellulase-encoding genes, indicating that CrzA can cause a decrease in cellulase synthesis by affecting the expression of cellulase-encoding genes. The information provided by this study indicates that CrzA function is necessary for the mycelial development and cellulase activity of Penicillium oxalicum.
Project description:In Aspergillus sp., BrlA is a master transcription factor essential for the induction of conidiogenesis. Sometimes it is also involved in the secondary metabolism. The aim of this study was to characterize the role of BrlA in Penicillium expansum. For that a null mutant PeΔBrlA was generated.
Project description:Antagonistic yeasts inhibit the growth of fungal. In our previous research, Meyerozyma guilliermondii one of antagonistic yeasts exhibits antagonistic activity against Penicillium expansum. However, the mechanisms, especially the molecular mechanisms of inhibiting activity of M. guilliermondii are not clear. In this study, the transcriptome characterization of P. expansum induced by M. guilliermondii were investigated.
Project description:Photoautotrophic cyanobacteria convert CO2 and produce various bioproducts. However, effective cell harvesting from liquid cultivation is a main obstacle. Automatic bio-flocculation provides a potential solution. In a Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 (Syn) culture, we found that Syn co-flocculated with the natural contaminated fungi (identified as Penicillium sp.) as sphere biomass cluster with space inside, under the treatment of antibiotic erythromycin, but not without erythromycin. The optimized co-cultivation for five days using the initial Syn density of 0.4 OD730, 5 mg/100 ml fresh weight of Penicillium inoculum, and 5 µM EM in the BG11 medium with no organic compounds produced a complete biomass co-flocculation up to 2.0 g/L, equivalent to the atmospheric CO2 capture of 0.6 g/L/d: the 7.9-times biomass level and 7.2-times CO2 capture amount performed by the axenic Syn culture. A major constituent in Syn-Penicillium flocculated biomass is protein contents ranging from 39-61% of dry weight. In addition, increasing EM concentrations (from 0.3 to 10 µM) enlarged the co-flocculate diameter from x to Y and increasing the culture volumes (from 100 to 200-400 mL) altered co-flocculate surface texture from relatively smooth to rough with thorns. This co-flocculation may be further developed for CO2 capture and biomass utilization as amimal feed with a high protein contents. Syn with Penicillium_1; Synechocystis with Penicillium replicate 1 Syn with Penicillium_2; Synechocystis with Penicillium replicate 2 Syn with Penicillium_3; Synechocystis with Penicillium replicate 3 Syn without EM_1; Synechocystis without Erytromycin treatment replicate 1 Syn without EM_2; Synechocystis without Erytromycin treatment replicate 1 Syn without EM_3; Synechocystis without Erytromycin treatment replicate 1 Syn with EM_1; Synechocystis with Erytromycin treatment replicate 1 Syn with EM_2; Synechocystis with Erytromycin treatment replicate 1 Syn with EM_3; Synechocystis with Erytromycin treatment replicate 1 LR_Syn with Penicillium with EM_1; Large star structure of Synechocystis with Penicillium under EM treatment replicate 1 LR_Syn with Penicillium with EM_2; Large star structure of Synechocystis with Penicillium under EM treatment replicate 2 LR_Syn with Penicillium with EM_3; Large star structure of Synechocystis with Penicillium under EM treatment replicate 3 SS_Syn with Penicillium with EM_1; Small smooth structure of Synechocystis with Penicillium under EM treatment replicate 1 SS_Syn with Penicillium with EM_2; Small smooth structure of Synechocystis with Penicillium under EM treatment replicate 2 SS_Syn with Penicillium with EM_3; Small smooth structure of Synechocystis with Penicillium under EM treatment replicate 3
Project description:As part of our investigations on the chemical diversity of organisms from unexplored marine habitats of Mexico, a series of 29 fungal strains isolated from deep-sea sediments (more than 600 m deep) from the Gulf of Mexico were investigated. The antimicrobial potential of their organic extracts from solid cultures grown under the OSMAC approach was assessed against a panel of ESKAPE bacteria and the yeast C. albicans. Chemical studies on the active scaled-up cultures and some small-scale cultures led to the isolation of benzochromenones from Alternaria sp. CIGOM4, benzodiazepines from P. echinulatum CONTIG4, a cytochalsin from Biatriospora sp. CIGOM2, and an imidazopyridoindole from Penicillium sp. CIGOM10. Molecular network analysis by GNPS combined with manual dereplication showed the enormous potential of these fungi to produce bioactive compounds.
Project description:Penicillium digitatum is the pathogen of Green mold in Postharvest citrus. After inoculating Penicillium digitatum into the wound of citrus to infect it, transcriptome sequencing was carried out and compared with the results of transcriptome sequencing of Penicillium digitatum before inoculation in order to screen the differentially expressed genes and reveal its infection mechanism.
Project description:<p>Background: The gut microbiota is a key hallmark of tumor and plays a central role in colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the contribution of gut fungi, an important community of gut microbes, remains substantially understudied in CRC.</p><p>Objective: To characterize the gut fungal landscape in CRC and elucidate its associations with bacterial communities, metabolites, and trace elements.</p><p>Methods: We conducted metagenomic sequencing on fecal samples from three cohorts: healthy controls (n = 401), colorectal polyp patients (n = 162), and CRC patients (n = 253). The fungal genomic data from NCBI database (PRJNA833221) was served as the reference for annotating gut fungi. Metabolites and trace elements were quantified via liquid chromatography and inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS), respectively. Fungal diversity and compositional differences were analyzed across groups. A random forest model was trained to discriminate healthy controls from intestinal disease groups (polyps and CRC) based on microbial biomarkers, with an ablation study optimizing co-marker selection. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was employed to dissect interactions among fungi, bacteria, metabolites, and trace elements.</p><p>Results: CRC patients exhibited increased fungal diversity at the genus level. Seven fungal genera displayed differential abundance across three groups: Rhizopus was specifically enriched in CRC, whereas Sporisorium, Cladosporium, Aureobasidium, Zygoascus, and Meyerozyma were enriched in polyps. Ablation study identified an optimal 31-microbial-marker panel (28 bacterial and 3 fungal species) that effectively distinguished intestinal disease groups (AUC = 0.89). SEM analysis identified three fungal markers—Penicillium citrinum, Penicillium sp. PG10607D, and Rhizopus stolonifera—that influence bacterial-metabolite-trace element networks through distinct correlations.</p><p>Conclusion: This study plots the first gut fungal atlas for CRC and reveals complex cross-kingdom interactions involving fungi, bacteria, metabolites, and trace elements, providing new insights into CRC research.</p>
Project description:We compared the gene expression stimulated with fungal extracts from Aspergillus (A.) fumigatus, Alternaria (A.) alternata, or Penicillium (P.) notatum in NCI-H292 (a human bronchial epithelial cell line) to search Allergic bronchopulmonary mycosis (ABPM)-related genes. We identified a mucin-related MUC5AC gene, the expression of which was selectively induced by A. fumigatus.