Fungal isolates on CO boreal toads
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ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJEB46768 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:Boreal toads (Anaxyrus boreas boreas) of the Southern Rocky Mountain population are declining due to the introduction of the chytrid fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd). Boreal toads in Colorado are generally susceptible to Bd infection, but some Bd-tolerant populations persist in parts of the Southern Rocky Mountain and broader Eastern boreal toad population. We conducted a Bd challenge with lab-reared sibling toads from Bd-susceptible Colorado and purportedly Bd-tolerant Utah populations and report on transcriptomic responses to Bd during late infection in skin and liver tissue. Fewer immune genes were expressed in response to Bd in Colorado toads, but with greater upregulation compared to Utah toads, indicating a dysregulated immune response. Signatures of Bd-tolerance in Utah toads included more moderate upregulation in immune gene expression and a significantly enriched suite of gene functions related to innate and adaptive immune responses. Our transcriptomic results support the notion that Utah toads are tolerant to Bd, rather than resistant, carrying Bd loads similar to Colorado yet having a unique transcriptomic profile and presenting minimal clinical signs of chytridiomycosis. We conclude that closely related populations have divergent transcriptomic responses to Bd with a dysregulated immune response in Bd-susceptible toads.
2023-10-04 | GSE244617 | GEO
Project description:Testing probiotic cocktails in Colorado Boreal Toads
| PRJEB46767 | ENA
Project description:Boreal toad transcriptomic response to Bd infection
| PRJNA1023900 | ENA
Project description:Identifying putative symbiont fungi from whole community data in an amphibian host system
| PRJEB41738 | ENA
Project description:The amphibian skin pathogen Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) has caused an ongoing biodiversity crisis, including in the locally endangered Colorado boreal toad (Anaxyrus boreas boreas). Although researchers have investigated the bacteria living on amphibian skin and how they interact with Bd, there is less information about fungal community members. This study describes (1) the diversity of culturable fungi from boreal toad skin, (2) which subset of these isolates is Bd-inhibitory, and (3) how Bd affects these isolates' growth and morphology. Most isolates were from the orders Capnodiales, Helotiales, and Pleosporales. Of 16 isolates tested for Bd-inhibition, two from the genus Neobulgaria and three from Pseudeurotium inhibited Bd. Fungal growth in co-culture with Bd varied with weak statistical support for Neobulgaria sp. (isolate BTF_36) and cf Psychrophila (isolate BTF_60) (p-values = 0.076 and 0.092, respectively). Fungal morphology remained unchanged in co-culture with Bd, however, these results could be attributed to low replication per isolate. Nonetheless, two fungal isolates' growth may have been affected by Bd, implying that fungal growth changes in Bd co-culture could be a variable worth measuring in the future (with higher replication). These findings add to the sparse but growing literature on amphibian-associated fungi and suggest further study may uncover the relevance of fungi to amphibian health and Bd infection.
| S-EPMC10938945 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Captivity, reintroduction, and the boreal toad microbiome
| PRJEB53984 | ENA
Project description:Boreal toad project (Anaxyrus boreas)
| PRJNA427374 | ENA
Project description:bacteria and fungi diversity to soil multifunctionality in boreal forest
| PRJEB29484 | ENA
Project description:Boreal moss-microbe interactions are revealed through metagenome assembly of novel bacterial species
| PRJEB76464 | ENA
Project description:Increasingly, host-associated microbiota are recognized to mediate pathogen establishment, providing new ecological perspectives on health and disease. Amphibian skin-associated microbiota interact with the fungal pathogen, Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd), but little is known about microbial turnover during host development and associations with host immune function. We surveyed skin microbiota of Colorado's endangered boreal toads (Anaxyrus boreas), sampling 181 toads across four life stages (tadpoles, metamorphs, subadults and adults). Our goals were to (1) understand variation in microbial community structure among individuals and sites, (2) characterize shifts in communities during development and (3) examine the prevalence and abundance of known Bd-inhibitory bacteria. We used high-throughput 16S and 18S rRNA gene sequencing (Illumina MiSeq) to characterize bacteria and microeukaryotes, respectively. Life stage had the largest effect on the toad skin microbial community, and site and Bd presence also contributed. Proteobacteria dominated tadpole microbial communities, but were later replaced by Actinobacteria. Microeukaryotes on tadpoles were dominated by the classes Alveolata and Stramenopiles, while fungal groups replaced these groups after metamorphosis. Using a novel database of Bd-inhibitory bacteria, we found fewer Bd-inhibitory bacteria in post-metamorphic stages correlated with increased skin fungi, suggesting that bacteria have a strong role in early developmental stages and reduce skin-associated fungi.
| S-EPMC4796932 | biostudies-literature