Project description:Fatty liver disease is prevalent during parturition in dairy cattle. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop novel, sensitive biomarkers for the early diagnosis of the metabolic disorders. Macroproteomics revealed that the fecal microbial community changes significantly when animal develops fatty liver disease. The microbial changes in cows with severe fatty liver (SFL) were greater than cows with moderate fatty liver (MFL) and normal condition (Norm). This suggests that microorganisms play an important role in the pathogenesis of metabolic disorders. In this study, feces-sourced microorganisms and microbial proteins were identified and testified as novel biomarkers for the early diagnosis of fatty liver disease in cattle. For example, the AUC (area under curve) values, based on Receiver Operating Characteristics analysis, of using the combination of Lachnoanaerobaculum and Bifidobacterium (at the genus level) to discriminate MFL and SFL animals reached 0.944 and 0.867, respectively. and 0.922 and 0.985, respectively, for the combination of Bifidobacterium pseudolongum and Lachnospiraceae bacterium (at the species level). Interestingly, the differentially expressed microbial proteins are closely related to the identified microorganisms. For example, the majority of the top 20 microbial proteins with significant expression differences were derived from Bifidobacterium pseudolongum. Bifidobacterium pseudolongum was considered a prominent potential biomarker for the diagnosis of metabolic disorders, especially in fatty liver cattle. The results of this study confirm that microbial signatures have a causal contribution to the pathophysiological mechanism of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), but also shed light on fecal microbiota transfer (FMT) experiments in treating NAFLD.
Project description:<p>Cross-talk among downstream regulatory networks of genome mutations has been the major hypothetical mechanism underlying poor prognosis and low-responsive rates for targeted therapy of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). By applying a causal inference-based mutation-upstream-of-the-metabolomic-signature (MUMS), we demonstrated a potential application of prognostic relevant serum metabolomic signature as an indicator to aggregate crosstalk among respective regulatory network downstream of genome mutations, and their collective interference on tumor progression. Moreover, a feature selection of 9-serum metabolites panel also highlights the clinical potential for predicting survival outcomes across multiple PDAC cohorts. Notably, integrating causal inference-based MUMS analysis identified and functional verified GRPEL1 as a novel tumour promoting gene, which shares a common down-stream metabolic signature with mTOR/PI3K/Akt signaling, sensitizing PDAC cells to mTOR inhibition-induced proliferation arrest. Our MUMS based functional cross-talk analysis provided proof-of-concept evidence that serum metabolic signatures reflect crosstalk among tumour mutational landscape, and such co-regulations would provide a novel aspect for identifying neo-targets for targeted therapy and rational based combined therapy design.</p>
Project description:<p>Cross-talk among downstream regulatory networks of genome mutations has been the major hypothetical mechanism underlying poor prognosis and low-responsive rates for targeted therapy of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). By applying a causal inference-based mutation-upstream-of-the-metabolomic-signature (MUMS), we demonstrated a potential application of prognostic relevant serum metabolomic signature as an indicator to aggregate crosstalk among respective regulatory network downstream of genome mutations, and their collective interference on tumor progression. Moreover, a feature selection of 9-serum metabolites panel also highlights the clinical potential for predicting survival outcomes across multiple PDAC cohorts. Notably, integrating causal inference-based MUMS analysis identified and functional verified GRPEL1 as a novel tumour promoting gene, which shares a common down-stream metabolic signature with mTOR/PI3K/Akt signaling, sensitizing PDAC cells to mTOR inhibition-induced proliferation arrest. Our MUMS based functional cross-talk analysis provided proof-of-concept evidence that serum metabolic signatures reflect crosstalk among tumour mutational landscape, and such co-regulations would provide a novel aspect for identifying neo-targets for targeted therapy and rational based combined therapy design.</p>
Project description:<p>Cross-talk among downstream regulatory networks of genome mutations has been the major hypothetical mechanism underlying poor prognosis and low-responsive rates for targeted therapy of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). By applying a causal inference-based mutation-upstream-of-the-metabolomic-signature (MUMS), we demonstrated a potential application of prognostic relevant serum metabolomic signature as an indicator to aggregate crosstalk among respective regulatory network downstream of genome mutations, and their collective interference on tumor progression. Moreover, a feature selection of 9-serum metabolites panel also highlights the clinical potential for predicting survival outcomes across multiple PDAC cohorts. Notably, integrating causal inference-based MUMS analysis identified and functional verified GRPEL1 as a novel tumour promoting gene, which shares a common down-stream metabolic signature with mTOR/PI3K/Akt signaling, sensitizing PDAC cells to mTOR inhibition-induced proliferation arrest. Our MUMS based functional cross-talk analysis provided proof-of-concept evidence that serum metabolic signatures reflect crosstalk among tumour mutational landscape, and such co-regulations would provide a novel aspect for identifying neo-targets for targeted therapy and rational based combined therapy design.</p>
Project description:Haploid androgenetic stem cells (haSCs) are invaluable resources for studying animal traits and greatly impact livestock breeding, but livestock haSCs have yet to be obtained. Here, we report the derivation of cattle and sheep haSCs using the recombined FACE medium, and these cells harbor formative pluripotency features. Notably, knockout cattle and sheep can be obtained upon injection of the protaminized haSCs with targeted gene mutations into intact oocytes.