Activity-based biomarker identifying homologous recombination deficiency across cancer types in real-time
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ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJEB54827 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:Homologous recombination (HR)-mediated DNA repair is a prerequisite for maintaining genome stability. Cancer cells displaying HR deficiency (HRD) are selectively eliminated by poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARPis). To date, sequencing of HR-associated genes and analyzing genome instability have been used as clinical predictions for PARPi therapy. However, these genetic tests cannot reflect dynamic changes in the HR status. Here, we have developed a virus- and activity-based functional assay to quantify real-time HR activity directly. Instead of focusing on a few HR-associated genes, our functional assay detects endpoint HR activity and establishes an activity threshold for identifying HRD across cancer types, validated by PARPi sensitivity and BRCA status. Notably, this fluorescence-based assay can be applied to primary ovarian cancer cells from patients to reflect their level of HRD, which is associated with survival benefits. Thus, our work provides a functional test to predict the response of primary cancer cells to PARPis.
| S-EPMC10694588 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Preclinical data support the investigation of PARP inhibitors in other neoplasms exhibiting homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) as monotherapy as well as in combination with chemotherapy. However，in colorectal cancer (CRC), the role of HRD alterations is mostly unknown. This study aims to explore the the Efficacy and Safety of Fluzoparib combined with Irinotecan in the Second-line treatment of HRD alterations metastatic colorectal cancer.
| 8652 | ecrin-mdr-crc
Project description:Homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) is prevalent in cancer, sensitizing tumor cells to PARP inhibition. However, the impact of HRD and related therapies on the tumor microenvironment (TME) remains elusive. Our study generates single-cell gene expression and T-cell receptor profiles, along with validatory multimodal datasets from > 100 high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) samples, primarily from a phase II clinical trial (NCT04507841). Neoadjuvant monotherapy with the PARP inhibitor niraparib achieves impressive 62.5% and 73.6% response rates per RECIST v1.1 and GCIG CA125, respectively. We identify effector regulatory T cells (eTreg) as key responders to HRD and neoadjuvant therapies, co-occurring with other tumor-reactive T cells, particularly terminally exhausted CD8+ T cells (Tex). TME-wide interferon signaling correlates with cancer cells upregulating MHC-II and co-inhibitory ligands, potentially driving Treg and Tex fates. Depleting eTregs in HRD mouse models, with or without PARP inhibition, significantly suppresses tumor growth without observable toxicities, underscoring the potential of eTreg-focused therapeutics for HGSOC and other HRD-related tumors.
2024-07-08 | GSE269793 | GEO
Project description:Homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) is prevalent in cancer, sensitizing tumor cells to PARP inhibition. However, the impact of HRD and related therapies on the tumor microenvironment (TME) remains elusive. Our study generates single-cell gene expression and T-cell receptor profiles, along with validatory multimodal datasets from > 100 high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) samples, primarily from a phase II clinical trial (NCT04507841). Neoadjuvant monotherapy with the PARP inhibitor niraparib achieves impressive 62.5% and 73.6% response rates per RECIST v1.1 and GCIG CA125, respectively. We identify effector regulatory T cells (eTreg) as key responders to HRD and neoadjuvant therapies, co-occurring with other tumor-reactive T cells, particularly terminally exhausted CD8+ T cells (Tex). TME-wide interferon signaling correlates with cancer cells upregulating MHC-II and co-inhibitory ligands, potentially driving Treg and Tex fates. Depleting eTregs in HRD mouse models, with or without PARP inhibition, significantly suppresses tumor growth without observable toxicities, underscoring the potential of eTreg-focused therapeutics for HGSOC and other HRD-related tumors.
2024-07-08 | GSE222555 | GEO
Project description:Homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) is prevalent in cancer, sensitizing tumor cells to PARP inhibition. However, the impact of HRD and related therapies on the tumor microenvironment (TME) remains elusive. Our study generates single-cell gene expression and T-cell receptor profiles, along with validatory multimodal datasets from > 100 high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) samples, primarily from a phase II clinical trial (NCT04507841). Neoadjuvant monotherapy with the PARP inhibitor niraparib achieves impressive 62.5% and 73.6% response rates per RECIST v1.1 and GCIG CA125, respectively. We identify effector regulatory T cells (eTreg) as key responders to HRD and neoadjuvant therapies, co-occurring with other tumor-reactive T cells, particularly terminally exhausted CD8+ T cells (Tex). TME-wide interferon signaling correlates with cancer cells upregulating MHC-II and co-inhibitory ligands, potentially driving Treg and Tex fates. Depleting eTregs in HRD mouse models, with or without PARP inhibition, significantly suppresses tumor growth without observable toxicities, underscoring the potential of eTreg-focused therapeutics for HGSOC and other HRD-related tumors.
2024-07-08 | GSE222554 | GEO
Project description:Homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) is prevalent in cancer, sensitizing tumor cells to PARP inhibition. However, the impact of HRD and related therapies on the tumor microenvironment (TME) remains elusive. Our study generates single-cell gene expression and T-cell receptor profiles, along with validatory multimodal datasets from > 100 high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) samples, primarily from a phase II clinical trial (NCT04507841). Neoadjuvant monotherapy with the PARP inhibitor niraparib achieves impressive 62.5% and 73.6% response rates per RECIST v1.1 and GCIG CA125, respectively. We identify effector regulatory T cells (eTreg) as key responders to HRD and neoadjuvant therapies, co-occurring with other tumor-reactive T cells, particularly terminally exhausted CD8+ T cells (Tex). TME-wide interferon signaling correlates with cancer cells upregulating MHC-II and co-inhibitory ligands, potentially driving Treg and Tex fates. Depleting eTregs in HRD mouse models, with or without PARP inhibition, significantly suppresses tumor growth without observable toxicities, underscoring the potential of eTreg-focused therapeutics for HGSOC and other HRD-related tumors.
2024-07-08 | GSE222556 | GEO
Project description:Homologous recombination DNA repair deficiency (HRD) is associated with sensitivity to platinum and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors in certain cancer types, including breast, ovarian, pancreatic, and prostate. In these cancers, BRCA1/2 alterations and genomic scar signatures are useful indicators for assessing HRD. However, alterations in other homologous recombination repair (HRR)-related genes and their clinical significance in other cancer types have not been adequately and systematically investigated.MethodsWe obtained data sets of all solid tumors in The Cancer Genome Atlas and Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia, and comprehensively analyzed HRR pathway gene alterations, their loss-of-heterozygosity status, and per-sample genomic scar scores, that is, the HRD score and mutational signature 3 ratio, DNA methylation profiles, gene expression profiles, somatic TP53 mutations, sex, and clinical or in vitro response to chemical exposure.ResultsBiallelic alterations in HRR genes other than BRCA1/2 were also associated with elevated genomic scar scores. The association between HRR-related gene alterations and genomic scar scores differed significantly by sex and the presence of somatic TP53 mutations. HRD tumors determined by a combination of indices also showed HRD features in gene expression analysis and exhibited significantly higher sensitivity to DNA-damaging agents than non-HRD cases in both clinical samples and cell lines.ConclusionThis study provides evidence for the usefulness of HRD analysis in all cancer types, improves chemotherapy decision making and its efficacy in clinical settings, and represents a substantial advancement in precision oncology.A comprehensive pan-cancer analysis on the clinical significance of homologous recombination deficiency.
| S-EPMC8373547 | biostudies-literature
Project description:PurposeHomologous recombination DNA repair deficiency (HRD) is associated with sensitivity to platinum and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors in certain cancer types, including breast, ovarian, pancreatic, and prostate. In these cancers, BRCA1/2 alterations and genomic scar signatures are useful indicators for assessing HRD. However, alterations in other homologous recombination repair (HRR)-related genes and their clinical significance in other cancer types have not been adequately and systematically investigated.MethodsWe obtained data sets of all solid tumors in The Cancer Genome Atlas and comprehensively analyzed HRR pathway gene alterations, their loss-of-heterozygosity status, per-sample genomic scar scores, ie, the HRD score and mutational signature 3 ratio, DNA methylation profiles, gene expression profiles, somatic TP53 mutations, sex, and clinical information including chemotherapeutic regimens.ResultsBiallelic alterations in HRR genes other than BRCA1/2 were also associated with elevated genomic scar scores. The association between HRR-related gene alterations and genomic scar scores differed significantly by sex and the presence of somatic TP53 mutations. HRD cases determined by a combination of these indices also showed HRD features in gene expression analysis and were associated with better survival when treated with DNA-damaging agents.ConclusionThis study provides evidence for the usefulness of HRD analysis in all cancer types, improves chemotherapy decision making and its efficacy in clinical settings, and represents a substantial advancement in precision oncology.
| S-EPMC9200383 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) causes faulty double-strand break repair and is a prevalent cause of tumorigenesis. However, the incidence of HRD and its clinical significance in pan-cancer patients remain unknown. Using computational analysis of Single-nucleotide polymorphism array data from 10,619 cancer patients, we demonstrate that HRD frequently occurs across multiple cancer types. Analysis of the pan-cancer cohort revealed that HRD is not only a biomarker for ovarian cancer and triple-negative breast cancer, but also has clinical prognostic value in numerous cancer types, including adrenocortical cancer and thymoma. We discovered that homologous recombination-related genes have a high mutation or deletion frequency. Pathway analysis shows HRD is positively correlated with the DNA damage response and the immune-related signaling pathways. Single cell RNA sequencing of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes reveals a significantly higher proportion of exhausted T cells in HRD patients, indicating pre-existing immunity. Finally, HRD could be utilized to predict pan-cancer patients' responses to Programmed cell death protein 1 immunotherapy. In summary, our work establishes a comprehensive map of HRD in pan-cancer. The findings have significant implications for expanding the scope of Poly ADP-ribose polymerase inhibitor therapy and, possibly, immunotherapy.
| S-EPMC10235055 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Profiling of genome-wide DNA methylation and copy number in TNBCs classified as HRD by the multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification assay
2024-09-26 | GSE255554 | GEO