XcEleCirr
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJEB70261 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
Dataset's files
| Action | DRS | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ERR12319364.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| ERR12319365.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| ERR12319366.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| ERR12319367.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| ERR12318598_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz |
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Project description:The saliva of the common octopus (Octopus vulgaris) has been the subject of biochemical study for over a century. A combination of bioassays, behavioural studies and molecular analysis on O. vulgaris and related species suggests that it should contain a mixture of highly potent neurotoxins and degradative proteins. However, a lack of genomic and transcriptomic data has meant that the amino acid sequences of these proteins remain almost entirely unknown. To address this, we assembled the salivary gland transcriptome of O. vulgaris and combined it with high resolution mass spectrometry data from the posterior and anterior salivary glands of two adults, the posterior salivary glands of six paralarvae and the saliva from a single adult. We identified a total of 2810 protein groups from across this range of salivary tissues and age classes, including 84 with homology to known venom protein families. Additionally, we found 21 short secreted cysteine rich protein groups of which 12 were specific to cephalopods. By combining protein expression data with phylogenetic analysis we demonstrate that serine proteases expanded dramatically within the cephalopod lineage and that cephalopod specific proteins are strongly associated with the salivary apparatus.
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Project description:Octopuses are mollusks that evolved intricate neural systems which are comparable with vertebrates in terms of cell number, complexity and size. Exactly how an octopus increases its neural cell number so dramatically and whether an increase in cell type diversity enables higher cognitive function and complex behavior is still unknown. To profile the cell diversity of the developing octopus brain we applied 10x Genomics’ single-cell/nuclei RNA sequencing technology. At hatching, the Octopus vulgaris brain possesses the main lobes and connections of an adult brain, but which cell types are present remains elusive. We were able to identify 42 robust cell types comprising mostly neural cells, as well as multiple glial subtypes and other non-neuronal populations such as endothelial cells and fibroblasts. In situ expression analysis of marker genes allowed spatial mapping of clusters, including vertical lobe cells and several optic lobe cell types. Investigation of cell type conservation indicated similar gene expression signatures between glial cells of mice, fly and octopus. Genes related to memory and learning were found enriched in vertical lobe cells, that showed molecular similarities with Kenyon cells in Drosophila but not to any mouse cell type. Lastly, we also analyzed the expression of newly expanded gene families (protocadherins, C2H2 zinc-finger transcription factors and G-protein coupled receptors) and found that these are enriched in specific cell types. Taken together, our data gives insight into cell type evolution and the composition of the complex octopus brain.
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