Escherichia coli evolution on antimicrobial surfaces
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJEB75034 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
Dataset's files
| Action | DRS | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ERR12917300_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| ERR12917300_2.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| ERR12917301_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| ERR12917301_2.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| ERR12917302_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz |
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Project description:Antimicrobial resistance poses a global threat. Natural-origin compounds represent a valuable source of antimicrobial agents used in both human and veterinary medicine. However, understanding their mechanisms of action at the molecular level is essential to support their safe and effective application. In this study, we evaluated the antimicrobial potential of trans-cinnamaldehyde (CNMA), a major constituent of cinnamon bark oil, which can account for up to 80% of the oil content in species such as Cinnamomum zeylanicum and cassia. Although CNMA exhibits broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, its precise mode of action remains incompletely understood. To elucidate CNMA's molecular effects, we performed transcriptomic profiling of Escherichia coli MG1655 wild-type (GSE252441) and its ∆relA mutant upon treatment with a sub-inhibitory concentration (0.25×MIC) of CNMA. Total RNA was isolated and assessed using the Agilent Bioanalyzer 2100, and high-throughput sequencing was conducted on the Illumina NovaSeq6000 platform, generating ~30 million paired-end 101 bp reads per sample. The reference genome and annotations of E. coli MG1655 were obtained from GenBank. RNA-seq data were analyzed to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) compared to untreated controls at 30 and 60 min post-treatment, using thresholds of p ≤ 0.05 and |log₂FC| ≥ 2. Transcriptomic analysis revealed profound transcriptional remodeling. The most significantly enriched functional categories included genes involved in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, flagellar biosynthesis, amino acid transport, and oxidoreductase activity. These findings indicate that CNMA-treated E. coli undergoes a marked metabolic downshift and initiates stress responses. These transcriptomic results were supported by complementary assays showing reduced growth kinetics, cytoplasmic shrinkage, NAD/NADH imbalance, and induction of the stringent response via elevated (p)ppGpp levels. Together, our findings suggest that CNMA disrupts bacterial fitness by impairing core metabolic and regulatory pathways, ultimately leading to loss of viability. Funding: This research was funded by the National Science Center, Poland (grant SONATA UMO-2018/31/D/NZ7/02258 to D.N.)
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