Project description:We obtained human embryonic and fetal lungs from 5-22 pcw for scRNAseq and scATACseq analysis. To focus on epithelial differentiation and region specialization, we deeply sampled 15, 18, 20 and 22 pcw lungs and separated proximal and distal regions while leaving lungs at 5, 6, 9 and 11 pcw intact. These cell samples (except for one at 6pcw) were split and processed for both scRNAseq and scATACseq.
Project description:Here, we used joint single-nuclei RNA-sequencing (snRNA-seq) and single-nuclei ATAC sequencing (scATAC) to profile freshly isolated crypts from the human fetal intestine and matched intestinal epithelial only organoids (also known as enteroids) derived from these crypts after one passage of in vitro growth. Organoids were grown in the standard 25% LWRN media with either 100 ng/ml of EGF or 1 ng/ml of EREG added. Fresh crypts were not placed in culture but rather immediately frozen for multiomic processing.
Project description:<p>BACKGROUND: Single ventricle congenital heart disease (SVCHD) is a severe form of cardiac malformation in which there is only one functional ventricle. The Fontan operation is the current standard of care for SVCHD. Almost all patients who have undergone the Fontan operation develop liver fibrosis at a young age, resulting in a condition known as Fontan-associated liver disease (FALD). The pathogenesis and mechanisms underlying FALD remain little understood, hindering development of effective therapies.</p><p>OBJECTIVES: We aimed to present a comprehensive multiomic analysis of human FALD, thereby revealing the fundamental biology and pathogenesis of FALD. </p><p>METHODS: We recently generated a single-cell transcriptomic and epigenomic atlas of human FALD using snRNA-ATAC-seq, which revealed profound metabolic reprogramming in FALD. Here we applied liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) based untargeted metabolomics to unveil the metabolomic landscape of human FALD, using liver samples/biopsies from age and gender-matched healthy donors and FALD patients (n=12 per group). Extracted liver metabolites were analyzed by C18 high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and hydrophilic interaction chromatography (HILIC) followed by high resolution MS on Orbitrap. Statistical and bioinformatics analyses were performed to identify altered metabolites and metabolic pathways in FALD. These results were integrated with recently published snRNA-ATAC-seq and serum metabolomics datasets to present a comprehensive multiomic atlas of FALD. </p><p>RESULTS: We discovered profound metabolic abnormalities in livers of patients with early-stage FALD, particularly amino acid metabolism, peroxisomal fatty acid oxidation, cytochrome P450 system, glycolysis, TCA cycle, ketone body metabolism and bile acids metabolism. Integrated analyses with liver snRNA-ATAC-seq and serum metabolomics data unveiled the transcriptional mechanisms driving this metabolic reprogramming and the crosstalk between liver and the rest of the body. Comparison with human metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) revealed dysregulated amino acid metabolism as a common metabolic abnormality. </p><p>CONCLUSIONS: Our comprehensive multiomic atlas of human FALD reveals the fundamental biology and pathogenesis mechanisms of FALD.</p>
Project description:Individual TFs were overexpressed in fetal lung tip organoids from a doxycycline-inducible construct for 3 days, and organoids were maintained in the self-renewing (tip cell-promoting) medium throughout to rigorously assay the lineage-determining competence of the TF, followed by scRNA-seq. ASCL1, NEUROD1, and NEUROG3 were selected as key neuroendocrine regulators. We also selected the GHRL+ NE-specific RFX6 and NKX2.2, the pan-NE PROX1, and, as controls, the basal cell-specific TFs DeltaNTP63, TFAP2A, PAX9, and mNeonGreen-3xNLS.
Project description:Fetal lung samples at 12–20 post conception week (pcw) from the HDBR, up to 0.5cm3 in size, were embedded in OCT and flash-frozen in dry-ice cooled isopentane. Twelve-micron cryosections were cut onto Visium slides, haematoxylin and eosin stained and imaged at 20X magnification on a Hamamatsu Nanozoomer 2.0 HT Brightfield. These were then further processed according to the 10X Genomics Visium protocol, using a permeabilization time of 18 min for 12–17 pcw samples and 24 min for 19 pcw and older samples. Images were exported as tiled tiffs for analysis. Dual-indexed libraries were prepared as in the 10X Genomics protocol, pooled at 2.25 nM and sequenced in 4 samples per Illumina Novaseq SP flow cell with read lengths of 28 bp for R1, 10 bp for i7 index, 10 bp for i5 index, 90 bp for R2.
Project description:We obtained human embryonic and fetal lungs from 5-22 pcw for scRNAseq and scATACseq analysis. To focus on epithelial differentiation and region specialization, we deeply sampled 15, 18, 20 and 22 pcw lungs and separated proximal and distal regions while leaving lungs at 5, 6, 9 and 11 pcw intact. These cell samples (except for one at 6pcw) were split and processed for both scRNAseq and scATACseq.