Project description:Metagenome data from soil samples were collected at 0 to 10cm deep from 2 avocado orchards in Channybearup, Western Australia, in 2024. Amplicon sequence variant (ASV) tables were constructed based on the DADA2 pipeline with default parameters.
Project description:Dietary intake of fruits and vegetables (FV) has been inversely associated with lower risk of ulcerative colitis. A pig model was used to evaluate the impact of feeding FV on the host response to dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis. Methods: Six-week-old pigs were fed a grower diet alone or supplemented with lyophilized FV equivalent to the half (half-FV) or full (full-FV) daily levels recommended for humans by the Dietary Guidelines for Americans (DGA). Pigs were fed a 1) grower diet alone (negative control), 2) grower diet and orally treated with 4% DSS for 10 days to induce colitis (positive control), 3) half-FV diet treated with 4% DSS or 4) full-FV diet treated with 4% DSS. Pigs were monitored for the development of clinical signs of colitis. Proximal colon (PC) contents and mucosa (PCM) were collected for gut metagenome, tissue transcriptome and histopathological analysis. Results: Pigs fed the full-FV diet did not exhibit diarrhea, showed less fecal occult blood (FOB), PCM crypt hyperplasia but with no differential expressed genes (DEG) or changes in PC microbiome diversity (p < 0.05). Pigs within the half-FV group exhibited increased group FOB and DEG associated with tissue remodeling, crypt and goblet cell hyperplasia in the PCM and no changes in PC microbiome diversity and two pigs exhibiting diarrhea (p < 0.05). Pigs within the DSS positive control group exhibited a reduced DEG involved with intestinal immune response and PC microbiome diversity with altered metagenome, increased group PCM erosion and FOB with persistent diarrhea in one pig (p < 0.05) Conclusions: Overall, our results showed that pigs fed a three-week full-FV supplemented diet, were resistant to DSS-induced colitis with a differential dose-dependent protective effect on host intestinal tissue and gut metagenome when exposed to an inflammatory challenge.
Project description:In the model green alga Chlamydomonas (Chlamydomonas reinhardtii), the synthesis of several chloroplast-encoded photosynthetic subunits is feedback-regulated by the assembly state of the respective protein complex. This regulation is known as control by epistasy of synthesis (CES) and matches protein synthesis with the requirements of protein complex assembly in photosystem II (PSII), the cytochrome b6f complex (Cyt b6f), photosystem I (PSI), ATP synthase and Rubisco . In embryophytes, however, CES was only described to coordinate synthesis of the large and small subunits of Rubisco, raising the question if additional CES mechanisms exist in land plants or if stoichiometric photosynthetic protein accumulation is only achieved by the wasteful degradation of excess subunits. We systematically examined suitable tobacco and Arabidopsis mutants with assembly defects in PSII, PSI, Cyt b6f complex, ATP synthase, NDH (NAD(P)H dehydrogenase-like) complex and Rubisco for feedback regulation. Thereby, we validated the CES in Rubisco and uncovered translational feedback regulation in PSII, involving psbA, psbB, psbD and psbH and in Cyt b6f, connecting PetA and PetB protein synthesis. Remarkably, some of these feedback regulation mechanisms are not conserved between the green alga and embryophytes. Our data do not provide any evidence for CES in PSI, ATP synthase or NDH complex assembly in embryophytes. In addition, our data disclose translational feedback regulation adjusting PSI levels with PSII accumulation. Overall, we discovered commonalities and differences in assembly-dependent feedback regulation of photosynthetic complexes between embryophytes and green algae.