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IgG Immune Repertoires in Hepatitis B Chronic Infection and Vaccination

ABSTRACT: Network Signatures of IgG Immune Repertoires in Hepatitis B Associated Chronic Infection and Vaccination Responses

PROVIDER: PRJEB9332 | ENA |

REPOSITORIES: ENA

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			Action	DRS
	ERR1278150_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	ERR1278150_2.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	ERR1278160_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	ERR1278160_2.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	ERR1278151_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz

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Network Signatures of IgG Immune Repertoires in Hepatitis B Associated Chronic Infection and Vaccination Responses.

Project description:The repertoire of IgG antibody responses to infection and vaccination varies depending on the characteristics of the immunogen and the ability of the host to mount a protective immune response. Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections are marked by persistent infection and immune tolerance to vaccination. This disease offers a unique opportunity to discover key repertoire signatures during infection and in response to vaccination. Complementarity determining region 3 of an antibody heavy chain (CDR-H3) has a major impact on the antigenic specificity of an antibody. We used next-generation sequencing to characterize the CDR-H3 sequences in paired siblings of 4 families in which only one member of each pair had chronic HBV infection. Blood samples were obtained before and 2 weeks after HBV vaccination. The analysis revealed a huge network of sequence-related CDR-H3 clones found almost exclusively among carriers. In contrast, vaccination induced significant increases of CDR-H3 cluster diversities among siblings without hepatitis B. Several vaccination-associated clone clusters were identified. Similar findings of vaccination-associated clone networks were observed in healthy adults receiving HBV boosters. These strategies can be used to identify signatures of other infectious diseases and accelerate discoveries of antibody sequences with important biomedical implications.

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Transcriptional profiling of HBV-naïve subjects after vaccination against Hepatitis A/B viruses, Diphtheria/Tetanus toxoids and Cholera.

Project description:Mechanisms of poor responses to vaccines remain unknown. Hepatitis B virus-naïve elderly subjects received three vaccines, including a vaccine against hepatitis B virus (HBV). Transcriptomic profilling of blood collected pre-vaccination and post-vaccination was performed in order to identify candidate biomarkers of antibody response to the different vaccines.

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Transcriptomic profiling following de novo hepatitis B vaccination reveals role of granulocytes in non-responders

Project description:As hepatitis B virus is widely spread, WHO recommend vaccination from infancy to reduce acute infection and chronic carriers. However current subunit vaccines are not 100% efficacious and leaves 5-10% persistent non-responders unprotected. To handle large inter-individual variability in immune response after the first Engerix-B vaccination, we employed whole blood early gene expression signatures at day 3 and 7. Immune related pathways are differential expressed in the responders group mostly at day 3 and at day 7 in the non-responders. A notable difference between both groups are significant differential expressed genes at day 0, before vaccination, showing the inter-individual variation. The granulin precursor (GRN) was significant downregulated in responders while upregulated in non-responders. Further absolute granulocytes numbers were significant higher in non-responders. So there is a certain diversity in basic innate immune system.

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Infant antibody repertoires during the first two years of influenza vaccination

Project description:Proteomic analysis of serum IgG antibody repertoire against influenza vaccine HAs in infant donors vaccinated with Fluzone 2017-18/18-19. Dataset consists of peak-response (days 14 and 21 post-vaccination) serum IgG samples eluted by affinity chromatography against IAV or IBV hemagglutinin and the flow-throughs.

2022-08-01 | MSV000090057 | MassIVE

Vaccination against Onchocerca volvulus induces IgG-mediated protective immunity dependent on neutrophils and complement

Project description:Onchocerciasis remains a significant cause of morbidity and economic loss in sub-Saharan Africa. Despite the existence of effective therapeutics, a prophylactic vaccine targeting the etiologic agent, Onchocerca volvulus, is needed to control ongoing disease and transmission. Mice were vaccinated against O. volvulus with a fusion of the recombinant antigens Ov-103 and Ov-RAL-2 (Ov-FUS-1) with Advax-CpG adjuvant. Immunized mice developed protective immunity with the killing of third-stage larvae (L3) within 36 hours of challenge infection. IgG from immunized mice passively transferred protective immunity to naïve mice, indicating that antigen-specific IgG mediated parasite elimination. Neutrophils were the most abundant subset of immune cells recruited to the parasite microenvironment in vivo, and their depletion resulted in the total loss of immune-mediated larval killing. Analysis of neutrophil gene expression revealed that both vaccination and the presence of O. volvulus larvae were capable of modulating neutrophil transcriptional activity. The mechanism by which antigen-specific IgG and neutrophils collaborated to kill L3 was independent of Fcγ receptors. However, the elimination of complement component C3 prevented vaccine-induced protection, which suggests these components may interact through the complement system. This study describes a vaccine-induced mechanism of protective immunity against O. volvulus L3 dependent on IgG, neutrophils, and complement, highlighting an effective collaboration between the innate and adaptive arms of the immune system to control O. volvulus infection.

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2020-04-24 | GSE139836 | GEO

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Project description:Small, non-coding RNAs control gene expression post-transcriptionally and play important roles in virus-host interactions. Within the liver, the microRNA (miRNA) miR-122 is essential for replication of hepatitis C virus (HCV), while repression of miR-148a by hepatitis B virus (HBV) may enhance tumorigenesis. Despite their importance to the outcome of these infections, few previous studies have described unbiased profiling of small RNAs in the liver during chronic viral hepatitis. Here, we sequenced small (14-40 nts) RNAs in liver from subjects with chronic hepatitis B and C. We found that small RNAs derived from tRNAs, specifically 5’ tRNA-halves (“5’ tRHs”, ~31-34 nts), are abundant in liver and significantly increased during chronic viral infection in humans and also chimpanzees. In most infected livers, 5’ tRH abundance exceeded that of miRNAs. In contrast, in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissue from these subjects, tRH abundance was reduced concomitant with decreased expression of the tRNA-cleaving ribonuclease, angiogenin. Although tRHs have been identified in mice, our results show they are abundantly expressed in human tissue, increased in chronic viral infection, and decreased in liver cancer. Our findings highlight the potential biological and clinical relevance of these small non-coding RNAs. Small RNA-seq of liver samples from control subjects (n=4), subjects with chronic hepatitis B (n=4) and hepatitis B associated hepatocellular carcinoma (n=4, 3 out of 4 matched with non-tumor tissue) and subjects with chronic hepatitis C (n=4) and tissue from hepatocellular carcinoma of the same patients. Also, small RNA-seq of AGO2 and IgG pulldown in FT3-7 cells. Sequenced AGO2 pulldown (n=3), IgG pulldown (n=2) and total small RNA from FT3-7 cells (n=3). This dataset is part of the TransQST collection.

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Transcriptional profiling of HBV-naïve subjects before vaccination against Hepatitis A/B viruses, Diphtheria/Tetanus toxoids and Cholera.

Project description:Mechanisms of poor responses to vaccines remain unknown. Hepatitis B virus-naïve elderly subjects received three vaccines, including a vaccine against hepatitis B virus (HBV). Pre-vaccination high dimensional analyses of blood using transcriptional profiling and flow cytometry revealed that subjects having increased memory B cell frequencies and higher expression of genes downstream of B cell receptor signaling responded more strongly to the HBV vaccine whereas subjects having higher expression of inflammatory related genes and greater numbers of activated innate immune cells showed a weaker response to this vaccine. The heme-induced response was associated with the poor response to the hepatitis B vaccine. Transcriptional profiling and flow cytometry results were validated in a distinct set of elderly subjects with accuracy greater than 60%. Our study is the first that identifies baseline predictors of responses to vaccines in a population of subjects known to be highly susceptible to infections.

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Microarray analysis of healthy volunteers that received measles, mumps and rubella vaccination

Project description:RNA was extracted from whole blood of subjects collected in Tempus tubes on day 0 (immediately prior to vaccination), day 1 and 3 post-vaccination. We performed gene expression analysis of subjects with similar baseline antibody titres to rubella virus (RV) that experienced an increase in anti-RV IgG titre (>= 2-fold) or not (< 2 fold) at one month post-vaccination.

2019-04-03 | E-MTAB-7055 | biostudies-arrayexpress

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