First chromosome-level genome assembly of the colonial chordate model Botryllus schlosseri (Tunicata)
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PROVIDER: PRJEB94520 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:Mitochondrial Botryllus schlosseri Collapsed genome assembly 2025
| PRJEB94522 | ENA
Project description:Background: Gonad differentiation is an essential function for all sexually reproducing species, and many aspects of these developmental processes are highly conserved among the metazoa. The colonial ascidian, Botryllus schlosseri is a chordate model organism which offers two unique traits that can be utilized to characterize the genes underlying germline development: a colonial life history and variable fertility. These properties allow individual genotypes to be isolated at different stages of fertility and gene expression can be characterized comprehensively. Results: Here we characterized the transcriptome of both fertile and infertile colonies throughout blastogenesis (asexual development) using differential expression analysis. We identified genes (as few as 7 and as many as 647) regulating fertility in Botryllus at each stage of blastogenesis. Several of these genes appear to drive gonad maturation, as they are expressed by follicle cells surrounding both testis and oocyte precursors. Spatial and temporal expression of differentially expressed genes was analyzed by in situ hybridization, confirming expression in developing gonads. Conclusion: We have identified several genes expressed in developing and mature gonads in B. schlosseri. Analysis of genes upregulated in fertile animals suggests a high level of conservation of the mechanisms regulating fertility between basal chordates and vertebrates. mRNA profiles of seven infertile stages from infertile Botryllus schlosseri colonies (each in triplicates) and seven stages of fertile Botryllus schlosseri colonies (each in triplicates) using Illumina deep sequencing and analyzed for differential expression between each stage.
2015-01-12 | E-GEOD-62112 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Background: Gonad differentiation is an essential function for all sexually reproducing species, and many aspects of these developmental processes are highly conserved among the metazoa. The colonial ascidian, Botryllus schlosseri is a chordate model organism which offers two unique traits that can be utilized to characterize the genes underlying germline development: a colonial life history and variable fertility. These properties allow individual genotypes to be isolated at different stages of fertility and gene expression can be characterized comprehensively. Results: Here we characterized the transcriptome of both fertile and infertile colonies throughout blastogenesis (asexual development) using differential expression analysis. We identified genes (as few as 7 and as many as 647) regulating fertility in Botryllus at each stage of blastogenesis. Several of these genes appear to drive gonad maturation, as they are expressed by follicle cells surrounding both testis and oocyte precursors. Spatial and temporal expression of differentially expressed genes was analyzed by in situ hybridization, confirming expression in developing gonads. Conclusion: We have identified several genes expressed in developing and mature gonads in B. schlosseri. Analysis of genes upregulated in fertile animals suggests a high level of conservation of the mechanisms regulating fertility between basal chordates and vertebrates.
2015-01-12 | GSE62112 | GEO
Project description:What mechanisms underlie aging? One theory, the wear-and-tear model, attributes aging to progressive deterioration in the molecular and cellular machinery which eventually lead to death through the disruption of physiological homeostasis. The second suggests that life span is genetically programmed, and aging may be derived from intrinsic processes which enforce a non-random, terminal time interval for the survivability of the organism. We are studying an organism that demonstrates both properties: the colonial ascidian, Botryllus schlosseri. Botryllus is a member of the Tunicata, the sister group to the vertebrates, and has a number of life history traits which make it an excellent model for studies on aging. First, Botryllus has a colonial life history, and grows by a process of asexual reproduction during which entire bodies, including all somatic and germline lineages, regenerate every week, resulting in a colony of genetically identical individuals. Second, previous studies of lifespan in genetically distinct Botryllus lineages suggest that a direct, heritable basis underlying mortality exists that is unlinked to reproductive effort and other life history traits. Here we will review recent efforts to take advantage of the unique life history traits of B. schlosseri and develop it into a robust model for aging research.
| S-EPMC4463770 | biostudies-other
Project description:Ageing causes a progressive deterioration of the structure and function of vascular cells that results in a decline of vascular functionality. Impaired functionality of vascular cells is a key factor that triggers several age-related vascular diseases. Most of our understanding of this process comes from in vitro studies. Further understanding of the mechanism underlying vascular aging in vivo are needed to get new insights into the pathobiology of age-associated vascular diseases. Here we use a combination of transcriptomics, immunostaining, and in vivo pharmacological and regeneration assays coupled with the extracorporeal vasculature of the invertebrate chordate Botryllus schlosseri (which is large, transparent, accessible and easy to manipulate) and show that we can study morphological, transcriptional and functional age-associated changes of vascular cells that are similar to those of mammalian vascular cells from tissue culture and fixed vascular cells. We showed that age-associated changes in the cytoskeleton and the ECM reshape vascular cells into flatten and elongated form and heavily accumulate Collagen, rendering the vessels into more rigid and less responsive to pharmacological insults. These changes did not alter the regeneration potential of aged blood vessels and newly regenerated vascular cells retained the same aged phenotype. Furthermore, we found that a subset of blood circulating hemocytes showed reduced proliferation while increasing apoptosis in aged animals.
2021-04-28 | GSE115267 | GEO
Project description:Botryllus schlosseri is a colonial urochordate that follows the chordate plan of development following sexual reproduction, but invokes a stem cell-mediated budding program during subsequent rounds of asexual reproduction. As urochordates are considered to be the closest living invertebrate relatives of vertebrates, they are ideal subjects for whole genome sequence analyses. Using a novel method for high-throughput sequencing of eukaryotic genomes, we sequenced and assembled 580 Mbp of the B. schlosseri genome. The genome assembly is comprised of nearly 14,000 intron-containing predicted genes, and 13,500 intron-less predicted genes, 40% of which could be confidently parceled into 13 (of 16 haploid) chromosomes. A comparison of homologous genes between B. schlosseri and other diverse taxonomic groups revealed genomic events underlying the evolution of vertebrates and lymphoid-mediated immunity. The B. schlosseri genome is a community resource for studying alternative modes of reproduction, natural transplantation reactions, and stem cell-mediated regeneration. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.00569.001.
| S-EPMC3699833 | biostudies-literature