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Molecular characterization of the sea urchin larva photosensory system: Insights into the evolution of a Go-Opsin positive neuronal population

ABSTRACT: Molecular characterization of the sea urchin larva photosensory system: Insights into the evolution of a Go-Opsin positive neuronal population

PROVIDER: PRJNA1005635 | ENA |

REPOSITORIES: ENA

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			Action	DRS
	SRR25646468_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR25646468_2.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR25646469_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR25646469_2.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz

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Molecular characterization of the sea urchin larva photosensory system: Insights into the evolution of a Go-Opsin positive neuronal population

Project description:Sea urchin larvae possess a group of photoreceptor cells (PRCs) deploying a Go-Opsin (Opsin3.2). In this study, we investigate investigate the molecular signature of the Sp-Opsin3.2 cells using single cell transcriptomics.

2023-09-13 | GSE240882 | GEO

Developmental dynamics of sea urchin and sea star cis-regulation and the evolution of echinoderm genome organization

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Project description:Seawater exposure to the gram negative marine bacterium Vibrio diazotrophicus induces a robust cellular response in sea urchin larvae that includes the migration of pigment cells to the gut epithelium, changes in cell behavior and altered gut morphology (Ho et al., 2016; PMID 27192936). To investigate the transcriptional underpinnings of this response, whole transcriptome sequencing was performed on mRNA isolated from larval samples collected at 0, 6, 12 and 24 hr of exposure to V. diazotrophicus. The morphological simplicity of the sea urchin larva provides a systems-level model for identifying biologically relevant transcriptional state changes in response to dysbiosis in the gut lumen.

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A New Model Organism to Investigate Extraocular Photoreception: Opsin and Retinal Gene Expression in the Sea Urchin Paracentrotus lividus

Project description:Sea urchins lack proper eye organs but are photosensitive. In this study, we investigate an extraocular photoreceptor cell (PRC) system in developmental stages of the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus.

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Project description:Engineered nanoparticles (ENPs) are increasingly used to generate innovative industrial and medical goods. Because of their broad applications, they form a new class of pollutants with potential eco-toxicological impacts on marine ecosystems. Attempting to evaluate the risk, we investigated the toxicity of Iron and Zinc oxide ENPs on Paracentrotus lividus sea urchin embryos. Sea urchin embryos are sensitive to both ENPs with a much stronger impact of ZnO ENPs. Transcriptome-wide analyses were conducted after exposure to ENPs or the corresponding ions. Only a very limited number of genes are differentially expressed in response to Fe2O3 ENPs or FeCl3. In contrast, both ZnO ENPs and ZnSO4 caused alteration of biological processes with stronger perturbation of gene expression for the ionic form (higher LFC). Comparison of GO term enrichment of the differentially expressed genes indicated that ENP and ions elicited partly different mechanisms, suggesting that a nanoparticule-dependent response was induced. Remarkably, the expression of the metal binding and ROS scavenging Metallothioneins were massively induced by ZnO ENPs and ZnSO4 while ZnO ENPs and ions mainly repressed the transcription regulation processes which control embryo development.

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Single-Cell Transcriptomic Analysis Reveals the Molecular Profile of Go-Opsin Photoreceptor Cells in Sea Urchin Larvae.

Project description:The ability to perceive and respond to light stimuli is fundamental not only for spatial vision but also to many other light-mediated interactions with the environment. In animals, light perception is performed by specific cells known as photoreceptors and, at molecular level, by a group of GPCRs known as opsins. Sea urchin larvae possess a group of photoreceptor cells (PRCs) deploying a Go-Opsin (Opsin3.2) which have been shown to share transcription factors and morphology with PRCs of the ciliary type, raising new questions related to how this sea urchin larva PRC is specified and whether it shares a common ancestor with ciliary PRCs or it if evolved independently through convergent evolution. To answer these questions, we combined immunohistochemistry and fluorescent in situ hybridization to investigate how the Opsin3.2 PRCs develop in the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus purpuratus larva. Subsequently, we applied single-cell transcriptomics to investigate the molecular signature of the Sp-Opsin3.2-expressing cells and show that they deploy an ancient regulatory program responsible for photoreceptors specification. Finally, we also discuss the possible functions of the Opsin3.2-positive cells based on their molecular fingerprint, and we suggest that they are involved in a variety of signaling pathways, including those entailing the thyrotropin-releasing hormone.

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