Diet-induced plasticity of life-history traits and gene expression in outbred Drosophila melanogaster population
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ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA1008065 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
Dataset's files
| Action | DRS | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SRR25724539_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR25724539_2.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR25724540_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR25724540_2.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR25724541_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz |
Items per page: 5 1 - 5 of 24 |
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Project description:Food is a fundamental requirement for organisms to develop, survive and reproduce. However, access to an optimum diet is not always guaranteed, resulting in a mismatch between the diet and the organism's needs. To comprehend the consequences of this mismatch, it becomes crucial to explore how different compositions of an organism's diet impact its overall performance. In this context, we tested the effect of isocaloric diets with different protein to carbohydrate ratios on eight key life history traits in a large (n = ~2,100) outbred Drosophila melanogaster population. We report accelerated pre-adult development and increased reproductive output, without affecting pre-adult viability and body size, in flies fed on low carbohydrate diet. We also observe that high carbohydrate content in diet shortens fly lifespan. In support, we found that increasing carbohydrate content in food led to faster aging by impairing locomotor activity and gut integrity. Additionally, we noted that the composition of the diet had an impact on gene expression patterns with high carbohydrate diets upregulating genes and high protein diets downregulating them. These results collectively provide a comprehensive understanding of how the balance of macronutrients in an organism's diet intricately shapes its traits.
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Project description:Across evolutionary time, nearly all animal species have harnessed photoperiod to initiate processes that ultimately influence seasonal behavior and life history traits. In the freshwater cladoceran Daphnia magna, the effect of photoperiod on various life history traits has generally been investigated in conjunction with additional environmental stimuli. In the present study, we sought to untangling responses directly attributable to photoperiod in D. magna and identify the molecular processes underlying resultant behavioral and life history responses using functional analysis of global transcriptomic expression. D. magna were exposed to five different photoperiods immediately post-hatch for 21d where a standard long-day photoperiod of 16 hours light and 8 hours dark (16L:8D) served as the control relative to 4L:20D, 8L:16D, 12L:12L, and 20L:4D photoperiods. Entrainment to short-day photo-periods (4L:20D, 8L:16D, and 12L:12L) resulted in significantly increased light-avoidance behaviors relative to the control photoperiod where young Daphnia (7d old) displayed the most pronounced avoidance responses. Correspondingly, functional transcriptomics identified differential transcriptional expression of genes involved in glutamate signaling, which is critical in arthropod light-avoidance responses, as well as period circadian protein and proteins coding F-box/LRR-repeat domains, all of which contribute to establishing circadian rhythms in arthropods. Short-day photoperiods also induced increased metabolic rates which corresponded with broad-scale changes in transcriptional expression across multiple systems-level energy metabolism pathways. The most striking observation was increased male production across short-day photoperiods (4L:20D, 8L:16D, and 12L:12D). Transcriptional expression consistent with multiple putative mechanisms of male production were observed including expression suggestive of increased glutamate signaling; a response observed to induce male production in D. pulex via photo-period sensitive mechanisms. Overall, the results demonstrate the importance of photoperiod on behavior and life history trajectories in D. magna where we have now established multiple putative mechanistic pathways underlying several critical responses.
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