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TGF-beta blockade drives a transitional effector phenotype in T cells reversing SIV latency and decreasing SIV reservoirs in vivo [scRNA-seq]

ABSTRACT: TGF-beta blockade drives a transitional effector phenotype in T cells reversing SIV latency and decreasing SIV reservoirs in vivo [scRNA-seq]

PROVIDER: PRJNA1025242 | ENA |

REPOSITORIES: ENA

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			Action	DRS
	SRR26316553_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR26316553_2.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR26316554_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR26316554_2.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR26316555_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz

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TGF-beta blockade drives a transitional effector phenotype in T cells reversing SIV latency and decreasing SIV reservoirs in vivo

Project description:TGF-beta blockade drives a transitional effector phenotype in T cells reversing SIV latency and decreasing SIV reservoirs in vivo

| PRJNA1025236 | ENA

TGF-beta blockade drives a transitional effector phenotype in T cells reversing SIV latency and decreasing SIV reservoirs in vivo [RNA-seq]

Project description:TGF-beta blockade drives a transitional effector phenotype in T cells reversing SIV latency and decreasing SIV reservoirs in vivo [RNA-seq]

| PRJNA1024970 | ENA

TGF-beta blockade drives a transitional effector phenotype in T cells reversing SIV latency and decreasing SIV reservoirs in vivo [scRNA-seq]

Project description:HIV-1 persistence during ART is due to the establishment of long-lived viral reservoirs in resting immune cells. Using an NHP model of barcoded SIVmac239 intravenous infection and therapeutic dosing of the anti-TGFBR1 inhibitor galunisertib (LY2157299), we confirmed the latency reversal properties of in vivo TGF-beta blockade, decreased viral reservoirs and stimulated immune responses. Eight SIV-infected macaques on suppressive ART were treated with 4 2-week cycles of galunisertib. ART was discontinued 3 weeks after the last dose, and macaques euthanized 6 weeks after ART-interruption(ATI). One macaque did not rebound, while the remaining rebounded between week 2 and 6 post-ATI. Galunisertib led to viral reactivation as indicated by plasma viral load and immunoPET/CT with the 64Cu-DOTA-F(ab')2-p7D3-probe. Half to 1 Log decrease in cell-associated (CA-)SIV DNA was detected in lymph nodes, gut and PBMC, while intact pro-virus in PBMC decreased by 3-fold. No systemic increase in inflammatory cytokines was observed. High-dimensions cytometry, bulk and single-cell RNAseq revealed a shift toward an effector phenotype in T and NK cells.

2024-01-08 | GSE244870 | GEO

TGF-beta blockade drives a transitional effector phenotype in T cells reversing SIV latency and decreasing SIV reservoirs in vivo [RNA-seq]

2024-01-08 | GSE244828 | GEO

TGF-β blockade drives a transitional effector phenotype in T cells reversing SIV latency and decreasing SIV reservoirs in vivo.

Project description:HIV-1 persistence during ART is due to the establishment of long-lived viral reservoirs in resting immune cells. Using an NHP model of barcoded SIVmac239 intravenous infection and therapeutic dosing of anti-TGFBR1 inhibitor galunisertib (LY2157299), we confirm the latency reversal properties of in vivo TGF-β blockade, decrease viral reservoirs and stimulate immune responses. Treatment of eight female, SIV-infected macaques on ART with four 2-weeks cycles of galunisertib leads to viral reactivation as indicated by plasma viral load and immunoPET/CT with a 64Cu-DOTA-F(ab')2-p7D3-probe. Post-galunisertib, lymph nodes, gut and PBMC exhibit lower cell-associated (CA-)SIV DNA and lower intact pro-virus (PBMC). Galunisertib does not lead to systemic increase in inflammatory cytokines. High-dimensional cytometry, bulk, and single-cell (sc)RNAseq reveal a galunisertib-driven shift toward an effector phenotype in T and NK cells characterized by a progressive downregulation in TCF1. In summary, we demonstrate that galunisertib, a clinical stage TGF-β inhibitor, reverses SIV latency and decreases SIV reservoirs by driving T cells toward an effector phenotype, enhancing immune responses in vivo in absence of toxicity.

| S-EPMC10867093 | biostudies-literature

TGF-beta blockade drives a transitional effector phenotype in T cells reversing SIV latency and decreasing SIV reservoirs in vivo

Project description:This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.

2024-01-08 | GSE244871 | GEO

Total RNA profiles of brain tissue in simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) infection and SIV-related central nervous system pathology

Project description:Antiretroviral treatment regimens can effectively control HIV replication and some aspects of disease progression. However, molecular events in end-organ diseases such as central nervous system (CNS) disease are not yet fully understood, and routine eradication of latent reservoirs is not yet in reach. Regulatory RNAs have emerged as important participants in HIV disease pathogenesis. Using brain tissue from the simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) model of HIV disease, we profiled messenger RNAs (mRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs), seeking to identify possible networks of RNA interaction in SIV infection and neuroinflammation.

2023-09-25 | GSE236931 | GEO

Small RNA profiles of brain tissue and brain tissue-derived extracellular vesicles in simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) infection and SIV-related central nervous system pathology

Project description:Antiretroviral treatment regimens can effectively control HIV replication and some aspects of disease progression. However, molecular events in end-organ diseases such as central nervous system (CNS) disease are not yet fully understood, and routine eradication of latent reservoirs is not yet in reach. Brain tissue-derived extracellular vesicles (bdEVs) act locally in the source tissue and may indicate molecular mechanisms in HIV CNS pathology. Regulatory RNAs from EVs have emerged as important participants in HIV disease pathogenesis. Using brain tissue and bdEVs from the simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) model of HIV disease, we profiled messenger RNAs (mRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs), seeking to identify possible networks of RNA interaction in SIV infection and neuroinflammation.

2023-09-25 | GSE236656 | GEO

Restoring a homeostatic microglia state by combination antiretroviral therapy in SIV-infected rhesus macaques

Project description:Although modern therapies like cART have transformed HIV from a lethal disease to a manageable condition, associated neurocognitive consequences remain a concern. Paradoxically, microglia and macrophages, which comprise the innate defense system in the brain and are crucial for CNS homeostasis, are targets for HIV and key players in its neuropathogenesis. In addition, these infected cells can serve as viral reservoirs even in effectively treated infection. Here using an scRNA-seq approach in the SIV-NHP model, we demonstrate differential transcriptional programs in brain myeloid cells from monkeys under four conditions: uninfected, chronically SIV-infected, chronically SIV-infected treated with combination antiretroviral therapy (cART), and SIVE. Our study reveals alterations in composition (both lineage and gene expression profiles) of the cell populations between groups. Importantly, treatment with cART largely restored the homeostatic microglia profile present in uninfected animals that was disrupted in SIV-infected untreated animals

2022-06-22 | GSE195574 | GEO

Distinct SIV-specific lymphoid tissue CD8 T cells exhibit simultaneous effector and stem-like profiles and associate with limited SIV persistence

Project description:HIV cure efforts are increasingly focused on harnessing CD8 T cell functions; however, a deeper understanding of CD8 T cells promoting HIV control is necessary to properly inform therapeutic approaches. Here, we identified a novel TOX-expressing CD8 T cell population associated with control of SIV infection in lymphoid tissue of rhesus macaques defined as an antigen-responsive TCF1+ CD39+ subset expressing high levels of TOX and inhibitory receptors but lower levels of canonical cytolytic molecules such as granzyme B, granzyme A, and perforin. Transcriptional analysis of SIV-specific CD8 T cells, as well as proteomic analysis of purified CD8 T cell subsets, revealed these TCF1+ CD39+ cells as an intermediate effector population retaining stem-like features while maintaining a lineage relationship with terminal effector cells. TCF1+ CD39+ CD8 T cells expressed higher levels of CXCR5 than terminally differentiated cells, were found at higher frequency in follicular micro-environments, and were preferentially located in the proximity of SIV-RNA+ cells both in lymph node T cell zone and B cell follicles. Importantly, their frequency was strongly associated with reduced plasma viremia and lower reservoir size. Finally, we confirmed the presence of a highly similar TOX-enriched TCF1+ CD39+ cell population in lymph node biopsies from ART-naïve and ART-treated people living with HIV. Collectively, these data identify a unique population of lymphoid CD8 T cells possessing both stem-like and effector properties that contribute to limiting HIV/SIV persistence.

2024-06-11 | PXD050498 | Pride

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