Glutaminase as a metabolic target of choice to counter acquired resistance to Palbociclib by colorectal cancer cells
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PROVIDER: PRJNA1026918 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:Therapeutic resistance in cancer results from genetic or epigenetic mechanisms that enable cell survival under drug pressure. While several resistance mechanisms to cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors have been identified, acquired resistance is still a therapeutic challenge. Here, we have systematically analyzed metabolic reprogramming in colorectal cancer cells exposed to Palbociclib, a CDK4/6 inhibitor, or Telaglenestat, a glutaminase inhibitor. Through multiple approaches, we show that Palbociclib and Telaglenestat elicit complementary metabolic responses and are thus uniquely suited to counter the metabolic reprogramming induced by the reciprocal drug. As such, while Palbociclib induced reduced tumor growth in vivo, and Telaglenestat did not show a significant effect, the drug combination displayed a strong synergistic effect on tumor growth. Likewise, initial responses to Palbociclib were followed by signs of adaptation and resistance, which were prevented by combining Palbociclib with Telaglenestat. The combination of Palbociclib and Telaglenestat may effectively forestall acquired resistance to Palbociclib.
2025-07-22 | GSE245085 | GEO
Project description:RNA-seq was performed to compare the transcriptional programmes of palbociclib-resistant A375 and CHL1 cells compared to their parental counterparts Cyclin dependent kinase 4/6 (CDK4/6) inhibitors are an established treatment in estrogen receptor positive breast cancer and are currently in clinical development in melanoma; a tumour that exhibits high rates of CDK4 activation. We analyzed melanoma cells with acquired resistance to the CDK4/6 inhibitor palbociclib, and demonstrated that palbociclib-mediated inhibition of PRMT5 is essential for sensitivity to CDK4/6 inhibitors. Mechanistically, by inhibiting PRMT5 activity, palbociclib alters MDM4 pre-mRNA splicing leading to decreased MDM4 protein expression and subsequent p53 activation. In turn, p53 increases p21 leading to inhibition of CDK2, the main kinase substituting for CDK4/6 and a key driver of resistance to palbociclib. Loss of the ability of palbociclib to regulate the PRMT5-MDM4 axis leads to resistance. Importantly, combining palbociclib with the PRMT5 inhibitor GSK3326595 enhances the efficacy of palbociclib in treatment naïve and resistant models and also delays the emergence of resistance. Our studies have uncovered a novel mechanism of action of CDK4/6 inhibitors in regulating the MDM4 oncogene and the tumor suppressor, p53. Furthermore, we have established that palbociclib inhibition of the PRMT5-MDM4 axis is essential for robust melanoma cell sensitivity and provide pre-clinical evidence that co-inhibition of CDK4/6 and PRMT5 is an effective and well tolerated therapeutic strategy. Overall our data provides a strong rationale for further investigation of novel combinations of CDK4/6 and PRMT5 inhibitors in not only melanoma but other tumour types including breast, pancreatic and esophageal carcinoma.
2019-08-23 | GSE133567 | GEO
Project description:Gene expression alterations associated with acquired-resistance to the CDK4/6 inhibitor palbociclib [Palbociclib resistance_RNASeq]
| PRJNA551944 | ENA
Project description:While targeted therapies directed against cancer cells have proven effective, their clinical benefit is often limited by acquired resistance. This clinical challenge underscores the importance of uncovering the molecular mechanisms behind resistance in order to develop novel targets and drug combinations that can stop the growth of cancer cells. Two pivotal pathways controlling tumor growth are glucose metabolism and cell cycle. PFKFB3 and CDK4/6 are key regulators of glucose metabolism and cell cycle respectively for which inhibitors have been developed. PFK158 is an inhibitor against PFKFB3 that is currently undergoing phase I clinical trials and has shown to be effective at blocking glucose metabolism in solid tumors. Palbociclib, a novel CDK4/6 inhibitor was recently approved as a first-line approach for the treatment of estrogen receptor (ER) positive breast cancer because of the very promising clinical responses in ER+ breast cancer patients. Unfortunately, the effects of these therapies are short-lasting since cancer cells ultimately develop resistance allowing them to escape treatment. To identify the molecular mechanisms driving resistance to PFK158 or palbociclib, we have generated ER+ MCF7 and ER- MDA-MB231 cells resistant to either PFK158 or palbociclib by continuous exposure to increasing doses of drugs for a period of three months. Our hypothesis is that resistance is driven by activating mutations and/or pathways acquired during the course of treatment. This study is designed to identify specific mutations and/or changes in gene expression responsible for the resistance to PFK158 or palbociclib in ER+ and ER- in vitro. The results of this study will lead to the development of new therapeutic strategies to overcome resistance to PFKFB3 and CDK4/6 inhibitors.
2019-06-20 | GSE130437 | GEO
Project description:Many cases of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are resistant to the widely used drug sorafenib, which worsens prognosis. While many studies have explored how acquired resistance emerges during drug exposure, the mechanism underlying primary resistance before treatment still remain elusive. Here, we performed single-cell lineage tracing and RNA sequencing to identify sorafenib-resistant lineages in HCC, and demonstrated that high expression of S100A14 was positively associated with primary sorafenib resistance. Knocking down S100A14 rendered xenograft tumors in mice significantly more sensitive to sorafenib. Mechanistic studies indicated that S100A14 binds to glutaminase and blocks its phosphorylation at residues Y308 and S314, which in turn inhibits its ubiquitination and subsequent degradation. This stabilization of glutaminase reduces oxidative stress in HCC cells and thereby antagonizes the ability of sorafenib to induce apoptosis. Inhibiting glutaminase with telaglenastat (CB-839) significantly improved sorafenib efficacy against xenograft tumors in vivo. These results suggest that S100A14 can contribute to primary sorafenib resistance in HCC by stabilizing glutaminase. Thus, analyzing the expression of S100A14 may be useful for predicting primary sorafenib resistance, and inhibiting S100A14 or glutaminase may be effective for preventing or overcoming such resistance.
2025-03-02 | GSE282234 | GEO
Project description:The decline in sperm function is a major cause of human male infertility. Glutaminase, a mitochondrial enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of glutamine to generate glutamate, takes part in many diverse biological processes such as neurotransmission, metabolism, and cellular senescence. Here we report a role of glutaminase in regulating sperm function. By generating a triple mutant that harbors a loss-of-function allele for each of all three mammalian glutaminase orthologs, we found that glutaminase gene activity is required for optimal C. elegans sperm function. Tissue-specific gene manipulations showed that germline glutaminase activity plays an important role. Moreover, transcriptional profiling and antioxidant treatment suggested that glutaminase promotes sperm function by maintaining cellular redox homeostasis. As maintaining a low level of ROS is crucial to human sperm function, it is very likely that glutaminase plays a similar role in humans and therefore can be a potential target for treating human male infertility.
2023-02-15 | GSE224117 | GEO
Project description:RNA-seq was performed to compare the transcriptional programmes of A375 cells treated with Palbociclib or GSK3326595 compared to untreated cells Cyclin dependent kinase 4/6 (CDK4/6) inhibitors are an established treatment in estrogen receptor positive breast cancer and are currently in clinical development in melanoma; a tumour that exhibits high rates of CDK4 activation. We analyzed melanoma cells with acquired resistance to the CDK4/6 inhibitor palbociclib, and demonstrated that palbociclib-mediated inhibition of PRMT5 is essential for sensitivity to CDK4/6 inhibitors. Mechanistically, by inhibiting PRMT5 activity, palbociclib alters MDM4 pre-mRNA splicing leading to decreased MDM4 protein expression and subsequent p53 activation. In turn, p53 increases p21 leading to inhibition of CDK2, the main kinase substituting for CDK4/6 and a key driver of resistance to palbociclib. Loss of the ability of palbociclib to regulate the PRMT5-MDM4 axis leads to resistance. Importantly, combining palbociclib with the PRMT5 inhibitor GSK3326595 enhances the efficacy of palbociclib in treatment naïve and resistant models and also delays the emergence of resistance. Our studies have uncovered a novel mechanism of action of CDK4/6 inhibitors in regulating the MDM4 oncogene and the tumor suppressor, p53. Furthermore, we have established that palbociclib inhibition of the PRMT5-MDM4 axis is essential for robust melanoma cell sensitivity and provide pre-clinical evidence that co-inhibition of CDK4/6 and PRMT5 is an effective and well tolerated therapeutic strategy. Overall our data provides a strong rationale for further investigation of novel combinations of CDK4/6 and PRMT5 inhibitors in not only melanoma but other tumour types including breast, pancreatic and esophageal carcinoma.
2019-08-23 | GSE133568 | GEO
Project description:To understand how Palbociclib (a CDK4/6 inhibitor) treatment changes the transcriptome of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells, wildtype cells were isolated from mice and treated for 24h with either PBS (control) or Palbociclib. After 24h of culture, the cell suspensions were collected and sorted for lineage-negative, Sca1-positive, cKit-positive (LSK) cells which were subjected to library prep for single cell RNA sequencing.
2024-05-22 | E-MTAB-13268 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:We examined differential gene expression profiles between MCF7 human breast cancer cells treated with vehicle alone (control), palbociclib monotherapy, palbociclib alternating with ICI182,780 treatment, and palbociclib resistant cells. For this, we used gene microarray expression profiling to identify significantly changed genes under different treatment conditions.
2023-04-10 | GSE229002 | GEO
Project description:Gene expression analysis of ER+ and ER- breast cancer cell lines with acquired resistance to palbociclib
| PRJNA540259 | ENA