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A Diversity of Novel Type-2 Innate Lymphoid Cell Subpopulations Revealed During Tumour Expansion

ABSTRACT: A Diversity of Novel Type-2 Innate Lymphoid Cell Subpopulations Revealed During Tumour Expansion

PROVIDER: PRJNA1033525 | ENA |

REPOSITORIES: ENA

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			Action	DRS
	SRR26560946_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR26560946_2.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR26560947_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR26560947_2.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR26560948.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz

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A Diversity of Novel Type-2 Innate Lymphoid Cell Subpopulations Revealed During Tumour Expansion

Project description:Type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) perform vital functions in orchestrating humoral immune responses, facilitating tissue remodelling, and ensuring tissue homeostasis. Additionally, in a role that has garnered considerably less attention, ILC2s can also enhance Th1-related cytolytic T lymphocyte immune responses against tumours. Studies have thus far generally failed to address the mystery of how one ILC2 cell-type can participate in a multiplicity of functions. Here we utilized single cell RNA sequencing analysis to create the first comprehensive atlas of naïve and tumour-associated lung ILC2s and discover multiple unique subtypes of ILC2s equipped with developmental gene programs that become skewed during tumour expansion favouring inflammation, antigen processing, immunological memory and Th1-related anti-tumour CTL responses. The discovery of these new subtypes of ILC2s challenges current paradigms of ILC2 biology and provides an explanation for their diversity of function.

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A diversity of novel type-2 innate lymphoid cell subpopulations revealed during tumour expansion.

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Intestinal fibroblastic reticular cell niches control innate lymphoid cell homeostasis and function - Innate lymphoid cells

Project description:Innate lymphoid cells (ILC) in the small intestine govern immune homeostasis and protect the host against gut pathogens. While distinct cell-intrinsic signals have been identified that determine ILC development and differentiation, it has remained unclear which cell population regulates ILC sustenance. Using unbiased single cell RNA transcriptomic analysis of intestinal fibroblasts, we have identified a specialized Ccl19-expressing fibroblastic reticular cell (FRC) population that underpins solitary intestinal lymphoid tissue (SILT) structures including cryptopatches and isolated lymphoid follicles. Conditional ablation of lymphotoxin-β receptor (LTβR) signalling in SILT FRC impeded the maturation of isolated lymphoid follicles and blocked ILC maintenance through the downregulation of IL-7, consequently resulting in the elevated susceptibility to bacterial infection. Moreover, specific Ltbr ablation in FRC during adulthood revealed that constant LTβR-dependent FRC-ILC interaction is required to maintain SILT structures and ILC populations. Taken together, our study unveils a critical intestinal FRC niche that secures protective gut immunity.

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