Project description:BackgroundMentha arvensis has been utilized in diverse traditional medicines as an antidiabetic, anticarcinogenic, antiallergic, antifungal, and antibacterial agent. In this work, we have explored the phytochemical analyses and pharmacological potential of Mentha arvensis using both in silico and in vitro approaches for drug discovery.MethodsTo determine the extract with the highest potential for powerful bioactivity, ethanol was used as the solvent. The phytochemical components of the extracts were quantified using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis. The potential bioactivities of extracts and lead phytocompounds, including their antibacterial, cytotoxic, and anti-diabetic effects, were evaluated.ResultsThe compounds oleanolic acid, rosmarinic acid, luteolin, isoorientin, and ursolic acid have been identified through liquid chromatography mass spectrometry analysis. Based on antimicrobial research, it has been found that the Mentha arvensis extract shows potential activity against K. pneumoniae which was 13.39 ± 0.16. Mentha arvensis has demonstrated a greater degree of efficacy in inhibiting α-glucosidase, with an inhibition rate of 58.36 ± 0.12, and in inhibiting α-amylase, with an inhibition rate of 42.18 ± 0.83. The growth of HepG2 cells was observed to be significantly suppressed upon treatment with extracts obtained from Mentha arvensis. Finally, In-silico methods demonstrated that the Luteolin and Rosmarinic acid exhibit acceptable drug-like characteristics. Furthermore, Molecular docking studies further demonstrated that both compounds have strong potential to inhibit the active sites of therapeutically relevant enzymes involved in Diabetes, Bacterial infections, and Cancer.ConclusionsThe results of this study suggest that the Mentha arvensis extract possesses potent pharmacological potentials, particularly in terms of antibacterial, anti-diabetic, and cytotoxic effects. Particularly, Luteolin and Rosmarinic acid were identified as the top contenders for potential bioactivity with acceptable drug-like properties.
Project description:The leaf spot disease of Mentha arvensis, caused by Alternaria alternata, is a devastating foliar disease worldwide and leads to considerable economic losses. In this investigation, 2-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) was used to identify the membrane proteins potentially involved in M. arvensis - A. alternata interaction. Membrane proteins, isolated from leaves of control and infected plants, were analyzed by 2-DE and identified using mass spectrometry (MALDI TOF-TOF MS/MS). Our analysis identified 21 differentially expressed membrane proteins including several interesting receptors and channel proteins. Of these identified proteins, 34% were found to be involved in plant defense responses. Leucine-rich repeat family protein/ protein kinase family protein which plays critical role in stress response and nucleotide-binding site-leucine-rich repeat (NBS-LRR) which is involved in detecting the advent of pathogen on plant surface were identified to be up-regulated in our study. Interestingly, AKT1-like potassium channel protein which is known to play a crucial role in maintaining ion homeostasis within the cell was also upregulated in the infected sample. In addition, ADP ribolysation factor (ARF)-GTPase activating domain containing protein, a membrane trafficking protein, was also up-regulated in the current study. Protein-protein interaction network analysis followed by functional enrichment revealed that transmembrane ion transport-related proteins represented a major class in this network followed by nucleic acid binding proteins and proteins with kinase activities respectively. Together, our investigation identified several key defense-related proteins which are crucial sensors for detecting pathogen invasion and can serve as a potential resource to understand disease resistance mechanism in mint.
Project description:In the present study, phosphate solubilizing rhizobacterial isolate STJP from the rhizosphere of Stevia rebaudiana was identified as a Bacillus sp. on the basis of phenotypic, biochemical, and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. In addition to phosphate solubilization ability, isolate Bacillus sp. STJP produced a significant quantity of siderophore (16.06 µg/ml) and indole 3-acetic acid (30.59 µg/ml). In the greenhouse experiment, treatment with STJP along with tricalcium phosphate (TCP200) showed significant increase in the plant growth parameters, oil yield and P uptake in M. arvensis as compared to the control plants. Amongst all the treatments, highest oil yield and menthol content were observed when treated with Bacillus sp. STJP + TCP200. Hence, an integrated approach of using Bacillus sp. STJP along with TCP can be used to increase the production of menthol and oil yield of M. arvensis. This approach of using fertilizer along with phosphate solubilizing Bacillus sp. worked very well and was more effective in comparison with individual treatment of fertilizer or plant growth promoting rhizobacteria. A combined use of efficient phosphate solubilising bacteria loaded with plant growth promoting characters along with TCP can thus be far effective way for enhancing the yield of crops in a sustainable manner.
Project description:Mentha arvensis L. (M. arvensis) is an aromatic plant of the Mentha genus, renowned for its medicinal and economic importance. The primary components of its essential oils (EOs) are monoterpenoids, synthesized and stored in peltate glandular trichomes (PGTs). In general, the EO content in M. arvensis is relatively low. Methyl jasmonate (MJ) has been reported as an effective elicitor of terpenoid biosynthesis in medicinal plants, but the specific mechanisms underlying MJ's influence on M. arvensis remain unclear. In this study, exogenous application of MJ significantly increased the EO content, yield, and PGT density in a dose-dependent manner. At a 5 mM dose, the EO content and PGT density peaked, with increases of 71.20% and 53.69%, respectively. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis indicated that, in general, MJ treatment did not significantly alter the types or relative proportions of EO components of M. arvensis. However, L-menthol content decreased slightly by 7.90% under 5 mM MJ treatment. Transcriptome analysis identified 4,659 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in MJ-treated leaves. KEGG enrichment analysis revealed that "Monoterpenoid biosynthesis" was among the most significantly enriched metabolic pathways. Key genes involved in jasmonic acid (JA) signaling (JAZs and MYCs) and monoterpenoid biosynthesis (GPPSs, LSs, L3Hs, and IPRs) were significantly up-regulated. Co-expression analysis, promoter binding element analysis and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) indicated that transcription factors (TFs) such as AP2/ERF, WRKY, MYB, and bHLH play crucial roles in regulating MJ-mediated monoterpenoid biosynthesis. Several key candidate TFs potentially involved in regulating monoterpenoid biosynthesis in M. arvensis were identified. These findings provide valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms regulating monoterpenoid accumulation in the Mentha genus.
Project description:Due to growing concern of consumers about chemical residues in food products, the demand for safe and natural food is increasing greatly. The use of natural additives such as spices and herbal oil as seasoning agents for their antimicrobial activity has been extensively investigated. This paper discusses the efficacy of the aqueous extract of mint (Mentha arvensis) and betel (Piper betle) on the mycelial growth and citrinin production of Penicillium citrinum. The present investigation revealed that mint extract inhibited citrinin production up to 73 % without inhibiting the mycelium growth. The citrinin production decreased with increase in the concentration of mint extract as observed from the data obtained from High pressure liquid chromatography. The samples also showed reduced cytotoxicity on HeLa cells. On the other hand betel extract resulted in stimulatory effect on citrinin production and mycelial growth. The study showed that mint extract has the potential to be used safely for restraining citrinin contamination.