ABSTRACT: Lachnospiraceae-derived butyrate mediate protective effect of high fermentable fiber against placental inflammation in gestational diabetes mellitus
Project description:We performed the single cell RNAsequencing in the placental tissues of term pregnancies with gestational diabetes mellitus complicated with macrosomia after cesarean section to explore the transcriptome differences and potential mechanisms of placenta in the process of macrosomia in patients with gestational diabetes. Our research helps to understand placental overgrowth in GDMM and its impact on fetal development, providing new insights into the pathogenesis of GDMM and predicting potential therapeutic interventions.
Project description:Pancreatic β-cell function impairment is a key mechanism for developing gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Maternal and placental exosomes regulate maternal and placental responses during hyperglycemia. Studies have associated exosomal micro RNAs (miRNAs) with GDM development. To date, no studies have been reported that evaluate the profile of miRNAs present in maternal and placental exosomes in the early stages of gestation from pregnancies that develop GDM. We used microarrays to assess whether early pregnancy maternal and placental exosomal miRNA profiles vary according to pancreatic β-cell function in women who will develop GDM (preGDM).
Project description:Introduction: Air pollution is detrimental to a pregnancy with adverse effects in mother and child. It is also known to increase pregnancy complications including risk factors of gestational diabetes. Methods: We investigated the impact of intra-nasal instilled air pollutants upon gestational day 16-19 maternal mouse cardiovascular and metabolic status, placental nutrient transporters, and placental-fetal size and morphology. To further unravel mechanisms, we also examined placental total DNA 5’-hydroxymethylation and bulk RNA sequenced gene expression profiles. Results: Air pollution exposed pregnant mice were tachycardic, hyperglycemic, glucose intolerant and insulin resistant, with no major placental glucose and fatty acid transporter changes, except for a spatial disruption of cells expressing GLUT10 that imports L-dehydroascorbic acid in protecting against oxidative stress. Placentas revealed inflammatory cellular infiltration with associated cellular edema and necrosis, with a paucity of vascularity and hemorrhage. While individual fetal body weights increased, they suffered a reduction in brain cortical thickness. Placental total DNA 5’-hydroxymethylation was 2.5-fold higher, with perturbed gene expression profiles involving key metabolic, inflammatory, transcriptional, cellular polarizing and processing genes and pathways. Discussion: We conclude that gestational exposure to air pollutants incites a maternal inflammatory response resulting in features of maternal gestational diabetes mellitus with altered placental gene expression with associated injury to the placental-fetal unit. Thus, air pollutants adversely impact the health of mother and offspring.
Project description:Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), one of the most common pregnancy complications, affects approximately 6% of pregnancies. This study attempted to use the data-independent acquisition (DIA) mass spectrometry (MS) to identify the potential protein biomarkers from the placental tissues from the GDM patients and the normal pregnant women.
Project description:The objective of this study was to investigate whether placental exosomes in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) carries a specific set of miRNAs associated with skeletal muscle insulin sensitivity. Exosomes were isolated from chorionic villi-conditioned media and plasma from normal and GDM pregnancies. A specific set of miRNAs was identified to be selectively enriched within exosomes when compared to their cells of origin indicating specific packaging of miRNAs into exosomes. In addition, miRNA expression varies in a consistent pattern in placenta, placental-derived exosomes, circulating exosomes and skeletal muscle in GDM.
Project description:The oligo micoarrays were used to determine gene expression profiles of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) patients.
