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ABSTRACT: Sexual differences in the gonochoristic tardigrade Paramacrobiotus metropolitanus

PROVIDER: PRJNA1063779 | ENA |

REPOSITORIES: ENA

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			Action	DRS
	SRR27497092.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR27497093.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR27497094.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR27497095.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR27497096.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz

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Sexual differences in the gonochoristic tardigrade Paramacrobiotus metropolitanus,

Project description:Sexual differences in the gonochoristic tardigrade Paramacrobiotus metropolitanus,

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Sexual differences in the gonochoristic tardigrade Paramacrobiotus metropolitanus,

Project description:Sex dimorphism is a diversification that can be observed in single species of gonochoristic animals. Phylum Tardigrada exhibits remarkable diversity in sex dimorphism in its morphology and behavior. Despite the wealth of genomic and zoological knowledge accumulating, sexual genetic differences of tardigrades have been identified yet. In this study, we focused on the gonochoristic species Paramacrobiotus metropolitanus, employing omics analyses to unravel the basis of sex differences. Approximately 2,000 male-biased expression genes were concentrated in 29 non-male-specific genomic loci, of which two paralogs of a new Doublesex-Mab-3-related (DM) subfamily specific to Macrobiotidae were discovered. We also identified several tardigrade specific anhydrobiosis genes exhibiting sex-biased　expression, suggesting a potential role in protecting sex-specific gametes. The existence of male-biased, but not male specific genomic loci and the limited conservation of the newly identified dimorphically-expressed DM subfamily would provide the foundation for understanding the diverse sex determination cascade in tardigrades.

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Project description:Tardigrades can survive remarkable doses of ionizing radiation, up to about 1000 times the lethal dose for humans. How they do so is incompletely understood. We found that the tardigrade Hypsibius exemplaris suffers DNA damage upon gamma irradiation, but damage is repaired. We show that this tardigrade has a specific and robust response to ionizing radiation: irradiation induces a rapid upregulation of many DNA repair genes. This upregulation is unexpectedly extreme, making some DNA repair transcripts among the most abundant transcripts in the animal. By expressing tardigrade genes in bacteria, we validate that increased expression of some repair genes can suffice to increase radiation tolerance. We show that at least one such gene is important for tardigrade radiation tolerance. We hypothesize that tardigrades’ ability to sense ionizing radiation and massively upregulate specific DNA repair pathway genes may represent an evolved solution for maintaining DNA integrity.

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Project description:Sexual dimorphism in mammals is mostly attributable to sex-related hormonal differences in fetal and adult tissues; however, this may not be the sole determinant. Though genetically-identical for autosomal chromosomes, male and female preimplantation embryos could display sex-specific transcriptional regulation which can only be attributted to the differences in sexual chromosome dosage. We used microarrays to analyze sex-related transcriptional differences at the blastocyst stage.

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