Homo sapiens
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ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA106745 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:To determine the contibution of the transcription factor MondoA to 2-deoxyglucose-induced transcription expression analysis was carried out in control and MondoA knockdown cells HA1ER cells are human embryonic kidney cells transformed with hTERT, SV40 Early region and activated H-Ras Keywords: cell type comparision, genetic modification HA1ER cells, Control (NS) or MondoA knockdown (M2), were starved for glucose overnight and then treated with 2-deoxyglucose for 3 hours
2008-04-24 | E-GEOD-11242 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:To determine the contibution of the transcription factor MondoA to 2-deoxyglucose-induced transcription expression analysis was carried out in control and MondoA knockdown cells HA1ER cells are human embryonic kidney cells transformed with hTERT, SV40 Early region and activated H-Ras Keywords: cell type comparision, genetic modification
2008-04-24 | GSE11242 | GEO
Project description:Objective – Delineating the nodal control points that maintain whole-body energy homeostasis is critical for understanding potential treatments of obesity and cardiometabolic diseases. The nutrient-sensing transcription factor MondoA is a regulator of skeletal muscle fuel storage, where muscle-specific inhibition improves glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity. However, the role of MondoA in whole body energy metabolic homeostasis is not understood. Methods – Generalized MondoA knockout (gKO) mice were generated and assessed for glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity, body composition, energy expenditure, cold tolerance, and tissue specific transcriptional changes in response to high fat diet. Complementary studies in cultured human adipocytes assessed the impact of MondoA deficiency on substrate utilization and lipolysis. Results – gKO mice are protected from diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance, through increased whole body energy expenditure. gKO mice exhibit reduced brown and inguinal white adipose tissue mass, without evidence of beiging. The gKO mice are hyperlactemic and isolated MondoA-deficient adipocytes have increased 2-deoxyglucose uptake and glycolytic function. Lastly, gKO mice and KO adipocytes display increased circulating glycerol relative to free fatty acids in response to adrenergic stimulus consistent with elevated re-esterification. This phenotype is not recapitulated in adipose-specific KO mice. Conclusions – MondoA deficiency alters cellular sensing of nutrient availability and storage/utilization mechanisms. In the whole-body setting, this results in increased energy expenditure, potentially related to increased glucose uptake, glycolytic flux, and glycerol synthesis to supply high rates of lipolysis and lipid re-esterification. These results suggest that MondoA functions to maintain fuel storage and when lost, inter-organ futile fuel cycling ensues.
2026-02-18 | GSE303998 | GEO
Project description:Gene expression profiling of immortalized human mesenchymal stem cells with hTERT/E6/E7 transfected MSCs. hTERT may change gene expression in MSCs. Goal was to determine the gene expressions of immortalized MSCs.
2010-09-25 | GSE24338 | GEO
Project description:Kynureninase is a member of a large family of catalytically diverse but structurally homologous pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP) dependent enzymes known as the aspartate aminotransferase superfamily or alpha-family. The Homo sapiens and other eukaryotic constitutive kynureninases preferentially catalyze the hydrolytic cleavage of 3-hydroxy-l-kynurenine to produce 3-hydroxyanthranilate and l-alanine, while l-kynurenine is the substrate of many prokaryotic inducible kynureninases. The human enzyme was cloned with an N-terminal hexahistidine tag, expressed, and purified from a bacterial expression system using Ni metal ion affinity chromatography. Kinetic characterization of the recombinant enzyme reveals classic Michaelis-Menten behavior, with a Km of 28.3 +/- 1.9 microM and a specific activity of 1.75 micromol min-1 mg-1 for 3-hydroxy-dl-kynurenine. Crystals of recombinant kynureninase that diffracted to 2.0 A were obtained, and the atomic structure of the PLP-bound holoenzyme was determined by molecular replacement using the Pseudomonas fluorescens kynureninase structure (PDB entry 1qz9) as the phasing model. A structural superposition with the P. fluorescens kynureninase revealed that these two structures resemble the "open" and "closed" conformations of aspartate aminotransferase. The comparison illustrates the dynamic nature of these proteins' small domains and reveals a role for Arg-434 similar to its role in other AAT alpha-family members. Docking of 3-hydroxy-l-kynurenine into the human kynureninase active site suggests that Asn-333 and His-102 are involved in substrate binding and molecular discrimination between inducible and constitutive kynureninase substrates.
| S-EPMC2531291 | biostudies-literature
Project description:RNA extracted at 240min. Samples are rRNA depleted. Expression measurement of Homo sapiens genes.
2019-07-31 | GSE114179 | GEO
Project description:The MondoA transcription factor forms a heterocomplex with its obligate partner Mlx to regulate ~75% of glucose-dependent transcription. By mediating glucose-induced activation of thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP), MondoA directly represses glucose uptake. Given the predominant role of MondoA in controlling glucose-dependent transcription and glucose uptake, we asked whether glutamine regulates MondoA activity. Expression profiles from glucose and glutamine starved BxPC-3 cells (-G-Q) were compared with those from cells grown in glucose only (+G-Q), glutamine only (-G+Q) or glucose plus glutamine (+G+Q). As expected, TXNIP expression was highly induced by glucose. However, the addition of glutamine repressed the glucose-dependent induction of TXNIP. We show that glutamine inhibits MondoA-dependent transcriptional activation of TXNIP by triggering the recruitment of a histone deacetylase-dependent corepressor to the amino terminus of MondoA. Consistent with the repression of TXNIP, glucose uptake is elevated in cells grown in the presence of glucose and glutamine. Finally, alpha-ketoglutarate, a tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediate, also blocks MondoA-dependent activation of TXNIP and stimulates glucose uptake. Together, these results suggest that glutamine-dependent mitochondrial anapleurosis stimulates glucose uptake by restricting TXNIP expression via MondoA:Mlx complexes. Four growth conditons; four biological replicates
2010-08-18 | E-GEOD-17632 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Transcriptional profiling of human mesenchymal stem cells comparing normoxic MSCs cells with hypoxic MSCs cells. Hypoxia may inhibit senescence of MSCs during expansion. Goal was to determine the effects of hypoxia on global MSCs gene expression.
2011-02-19 | GSE20463 | GEO
Project description:To elucidate the epithelial cell diversity within the nasal inferior turbinates, a comprehensive investigation was conducted comparing control subjects to individuals with house dust mite-induced allergic rhinitis. This study aimed to delineate the differential expression profiles and phenotypic variations of epithelial cells in response to allergic rhinitis. This research elucidated distinct subpopulations and rare cell types of epithelial cells within the nasal turbinates, discerning alterations induced by allergic rhinitis. Furthermore, by interrogating transcriptomic signatures, the investigation provided novel insights into the cellular dynamics and immune responses underlying allergic rhinitis pathogenesis
2024-05-30 | GSE261706 | GEO
Project description:As the evolution of miRNA genes has been found to be one of the important factors in formation of the modern type of man, we performed a comparative analysis of the evolution of miRNA genes in two archaic hominines, Homo sapiens neanderthalensis and Homo sapiens denisova, and elucidated the expression of their target mRNAs in bain.A comparative analysis of the genomes of primates, including species in the genus Homo, identified a group of miRNA genes having fixed substitutions with important implications for the evolution of Homo sapiens neanderthalensis and Homo sapiens denisova. The mRNAs targeted by miRNAs with mutations specific for Homo sapiens denisova exhibited enhanced expression during postnatal brain development in modern humans. By contrast, the expression of mRNAs targeted by miRNAs bearing variations specific for Homo sapiens neanderthalensis was shown to be enhanced in prenatal brain development.Our results highlight the importance of changes in miRNA gene sequences in the course of Homo sapiens denisova and Homo sapiens neanderthalensis evolution. The genetic alterations of miRNAs regulating the spatiotemporal expression of multiple genes in the prenatal and postnatal brain may contribute to the progressive evolution of brain function, which is consistent with the observations of fine technical and typological properties of tools and decorative items reported from archaeological Denisovan sites. The data also suggest that differential spatial-temporal regulation of gene products promoted by the subspecies-specific mutations in the miRNA genes might have occurred in the brains of Homo sapiens denisova and Homo sapiens neanderthalensis, potentially contributing to the cultural differences between these two archaic hominines.
| S-EPMC4686780 | biostudies-literature