Activation of MEK‐ERK‐c‐MYC signaling pathway promotes splenic M2 macrophage polarization to inhibit PHcH-liver cirrhosis
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ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA1102379 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
Dataset's files
| Action | DRS | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SRR28747347_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR28747347_2.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR28747348_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR28747348_2.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR28747349_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz |
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Project description:Portal hypertension combined with hypersplenism (PHcH) is the main cause of hypocytosis and esophagogastric variceal hemorrhage in patients with liver cirrhosis. Activated macrophages that destroy excess blood cells are the main cause of hypersplenism, but the activating pathway is not very clear. This study aims to investigate the activation types of splenic macrophages and their activation mechanisms, to provide experimental evidence for the biological treatment of splenomegaly, and aiming to find a strategy to improve liver fibrosis and inflammation by intervening in splenic immune cells. This study revealed the occurrence of M2 type polarization of macrophages and upregulation of c-Myc gene expression in the PH spleen. RNAseq, protein chip, western blot, and chip-seq were performed on macrophages and the in vitro MEK inhibitor rafametinib was used. Carbon tetrachloride and thioacetamide induced mouse cirrhosis models were separately constructed. c-Myc gene knockout in splenic macrophages reduced M2 type polarization and exacerbated liver fibrosis inflammation. c-Myc activated the MAPK signaling pathway and upregulated the expression of IL-4 and M2 related genes in PH hypersplenism through the MEK-ERK-c-Myc axis. In addition, the c-Myc gene exerted anti-inflammatory effects by upregulating IL-4-mediated signal transduction to promote M2 type differentiation and anti-inflammatory cytokine secretion. Therefore, the induction of macrophage depolarization might represent a new therapeutic approach in the cure of PH hypersplenism, making c-Myc a potential candidate for macrophage polarization therapy.
2024-04-27 | GSE264544 | GEO
Project description:Portal hypertension combined with hypersplenism (PHcH) is the main cause of hypocytosis and esophagogastric variceal hemorrhage in patients with liver cirrhosis. Activated macrophages that destroy excess blood cells are the main cause of hypersplenism, but the activating pathway is not very clear. This study aims to investigate the activation types of splenic macrophages and their activation mechanisms, to provide experimental evidence for the biological treatment of splenomegaly, and aiming to find a strategy to improve liver fibrosis and inflammation by intervening in splenic immune cells. This study revealed the occurrence of M2 type polarization of macrophages and upregulation of c-Myc gene expression in the PH spleen. RNAseq, protein chip, western blot, and chip-seq were performed on macrophages and the in vitro MEK inhibitor rafametinib was used. Carbon tetrachloride and thioacetamide induced mouse cirrhosis models were separately constructed. c-Myc gene knockout in splenic macrophages reduced M2 type polarization and exacerbated liver fibrosis inflammation. c-Myc activated the MAPK signaling pathway and upregulated the expression of IL-4 and M2 related genes in PH hypersplenism through the MEK-ERK-c-Myc axis. In addition, the c-Myc gene exerted anti-inflammatory effects by upregulating IL-4-mediated signal transduction to promote M2 type differentiation and anti-inflammatory cytokine secretion. Therefore, the induction of macrophage depolarization might represent a new therapeutic approach in the cure of PH hypersplenism, making c-Myc a potential candidate for macrophage polarization therapy.
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Project description:Activation of MEK‐ERK‐c‐MYC signaling pathway promotes splenic M2 macrophage polarization to inhibit PHcH-liver cirrhosis
| PRJNA1103121 | ENA
Project description:Portal hypertension combined with hypersplenism (PHcH) is the main cause of hypocytosis and esophagogastric variceal hemorrhage in patients with liver cirrhosis. Activated macrophages that destroy excess blood cells are the main cause of hypersplenism, but the activating pathway is not very clear. This study aims to investigate the activation types of splenic macrophages and their activation mechanisms, to provide experimental evidence for the biological treatment of splenomegaly, and to find a strategy to improve liver fibrosis and inflammation by intervening in splenic immune cells. This study revealed the occurrence of M2-like polarization of macrophages and upregulation of c-Myc gene expression in the PH spleen. RNAseq, protein chip, western blot, and chip-seq were performed on macrophages and the in vitro MEK inhibitor rafametinib was used. Carbon tetrachloride and thioacetamide induced mouse cirrhosis models were separately constructed. c-Myc gene knockout in splenic macrophages reduced M2-like polarization and exacerbated liver fibrosis inflammation. c-Myc activated the MAPK signaling pathway and upregulated the expression of IL-4 and M2-like related genes in PH hypersplenism through the MEK-ERK-c-Myc axis. In addition, the c-Myc gene exerted anti-inflammatory effects by upregulating IL-4-mediated signal transduction to promote M2-like differentiation and anti-inflammatory cytokine secretion. Activation of MEK-ERK-c-MYC signaling pathway promotes splenic M2-like macrophage polarization to inhibit PHcH-liver cirrhosis. Therefore, the induction of macrophage depolarization might represent a new therapeutic approach in the cure of PH hypersplenism, making c-Myc a potential candidate for macrophage polarization therapy.
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Project description:NRAS activating mutations occur in 15-25% of melanoma patients. However, this subtype is more aggressive and refractory to current treatment modalities, including targeted MEK inhibitors, immunotherapies, and the recently emerging RAS inhibitors. Accordingly, identifying novel therapeutic targets and designing novel antimelanoma strategies is of utmost clinical relevance. Melanomas often harbor hyperactive nitric oxide synthases (NOS) which correlates strongly with poor prognosis. NOS is also known to be activated by ERK signaling. The nitric oxide so produced, induces nitrosylation, a post-translational modification, which dysregulates various kinases and phosphatases. We sensitized NRAS-mutant melanomas to targeted MEK inhibitors by inhibiting nitrosylation. This outcome revealed a strong correlation between global de-nitrosylation and downregulation of MEK-ERK cascade with a concomitant de-nitrosylation of NRAS and other small GTPases like Rho and Rac, dual specificity phosphatases, and ribosomal S6 kinase. In vivo, we observed extreme regression of NRAS-mutant melanoma tumors generated in an immunocompetent mouse model in response to a sequential nitrosylation inhibition and MEK inhibition. In addition to MEK-ERK downregulation, this strategy activated the CD8+ T cells in the tumor microenvironment. We conclude that while nitrosylation hyperactivates the RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK cascade, it also suppresses anti-melanoma immune response, bolstering progression and MEKi resistance. The underlying mechanism(s) will be crucial in identifying novel therapeutic vulnerabilities against aggressive, currently incurable NRAS-mutant melanomas with potential clinical application in other melanoma subtypes.
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Project description:The purpose of this experiment is to determine the phosphorylation ratio of pT vs pY ERK present in ERK phosphorylation reaction by activated MEK E203K or MEK WildType. Aliquots were collected at 3 minutes 15 seconds, the time at which the mono-phosphorylated ERK is at its maximal. To determine the ratio between pT and pY ERK, synthetic AQUA peptides corresponding to the pY- and the pT-phosphorylated ERK were spiked into the sample. The two peptides have identical mass but they can be umabiguguously distinguished by their elution times and fragmentation spectra.
2020-01-14 | PXD016580 | Pride
Project description:Human T98G glioblastoma cells were stimulated with platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) and analyzed by DNA microarrays, which identified 74 immediate-early gene transcripts. Cells were then treated with inhibitors to identify subsets of genes that are targets of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) and MEK/ERK signaling pathways. Four groups of PDGF-induced genes were defined: independent of PI3K and MEK/ERK signaling, dependent on PI3K signaling, dependent on MEK/ERK signaling, and dependent on both pathways. Cells were grown in Minimal Essential Medium (Invitrogen) supplemented with fetal calf serum (10%). For growth factor/inhibitor treatments, cells were incubated in serum-free medium for 72 h, and either left unstimulated, or stimulated for 30 min with human PDGF-BB (50 ng/ml) (Sigma). U0126 (Cell Signaling Technology) and LY294002 (BioMol) were added 60 min prior to PDGF addition. Keywords: other
2004-03-13 | GSE1128 | GEO
Project description:Objectives: To identify similarities and differences in gene expression data in the MEK/ERK and PI3K pathways and to determine how histone modification affects these same pathways. Goal: To identify and functionally characterize novel targets of these signaling pathways in the context of chondrocyte differentiation. Experiment Overall Design: Cartilage derived from the hind limbs of CD1 mice staged at 15.5 days of embryonic development were dissected and plated in primary chondrocyte monolayer cultures. Cells were treated with MEK/ERK pathway inhibitors (SB202190 and UO126), a PI3K inhibitor (LY294002), a histone deacetylase inhibitor (Trichostatin A) and the vehicle control (DMSO) for 24 hours. Total RNA was isolated from these samples and hybridized to Affymetrix MOE 430 2.0 chips at the London Regional Genomics facility. Experiment Overall Design: A total of 15 genechips were analyzed between 4 treatments and the vehicle (DMSO) control. Three biological replicates per treatment were executed. Experiment Overall Design: Experiment Overall Design:
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