Project description:Electromagnetic fields (EMF) are physical energy generated by electrically charged objects that can influence numerous biologic processes, including control of cell fate and plasticity. In this study, we show that magnetic gold nanoparticles in the presence of EMF can facilitate efficient direct lineage reprogramming to induced dopamine neurons both in vitro and in vivo. Remarkably, electromagnetic stimulation leads to the specific activation of the histone acetyl transferase Brd2, resulting in H3K27 acetylation and robust activation of neuronal-specific gene expression. In vivo reprogramming in conjunction with EMF stimulation efficiently alleviated symptoms in a mouse model of Parkinson’s disease (PD) in a noninvasive and controllable manner. These studies provide a proof of principle that EMF-based approaches may represent a viable and safe therapeutic strategy facilitating in vivo lineage conversion for neurodegenerative disorders.
Project description:A combination therapy of electromagnetic fields (EMF) and simulated microgravity (SMG) has not been examined in regenerative medicine of cartilage. In the present study, a bioreactor system using extremely low-frequency EMF and SMG was applied during the chondrogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). It was hypothesized that a beneficial effect of EMF regarding chondrogenesis (COL2A) could be combined with an avoiding effect of SMG regarding hypertrophy (COLXA1) of cartilage. Pellet cultures of hMSCs formed cartilaginous tissue under the addition of growth factors (FGF; TGF-β3). Pure SMG reduced COLXA1 expression but also COL2A expression of hMSCs. Pure EMF showed no gene expression changes of hMSCs during chondrogenic differentiation. Combining EMF/SMG resulted in a re-increase of COL2A but did not reach control levels. The COL2A to COLXA1 ratio of combined EMF/SMG was not significantly different from control levels. The combination therapy of EMF/SMG did not significantly improve the chondrogenic potential of hMSCs.
Project description:Whether radiofrequency EMF (RF-EMF) exposure affects liver function remains poorly understood. We used scRNA-seq to explore changes at transcriptional level.
Project description:Despite many studies over a decade, it still remains ambiguous as to the real biological effects induced by radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RF EMF). Epidemiological studies indicates that long-term exposure to EMF could increase the risk of breast cancer. Some reports have showed that in vitro EMF exposures change cellular gene expression. In this study, we investigated global gene expression responses to RF EMF simulating the Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) 1800 MHz signal in human breast cancer cell line MCF-7 using transcriptomic approaches.
Project description:The ami of this study was to investigate the possible biological effects of ELF-EMF by cDNA microarray. Keywords: ELF-EMF, cDNA microarray, keratinocyte, cytoskeleton
Project description:A combination therapy of electromagnetic fields (EMF) and simulated microgravity (SMG) has not been examined in regenerative medicine of cartilage. In the present study, a bioreactor system using extremely low-frequency EMF and SMG was applied during the chondrogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). It was hypothesized that a beneficial effect of EMF regarding chondrogenesis (COL2A) could be combined with an avoiding effect of SMG regarding hypertrophy (COLXA1) of cartilage. Pellet cultures of hMSCs formed cartilaginous tissue under the addition of growth factors (FGF; TGF-β3). Pure SMG reduced COLXA1 expression but also COL2A expression of hMSCs. Pure EMF showed no gene expression changes of hMSCs during chondrogenic differentiation. Combining EMF/SMG resulted in a re-increase of COL2A but did not reach control levels. The COL2A to COLXA1 ratio of combined EMF/SMG was not significantly different from control levels. The combination therapy of EMF/SMG did not significantly improve the chondrogenic potential of hMSCs. chondrogenic differentiation, electromagnetic stimulation-control, 1 timepoint with/without stimulation
Project description:Despite many studies over a decade, it still remains ambiguous as to the real biological effects induced by radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RF EMF). Epidemiological studies indicates that long-term exposure to EMF could increase the risk of breast cancer. Some reports have showed that in vitro EMF exposures change cellular gene expression. In this study, we investigated global gene expression responses to RF EMF simulating the Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) 1800 MHz signal in human breast cancer cell line MCF-7 using transcriptomic approaches. MCF-7 cells were intermittently (5 min fields on/10 min fields off) exposed to RF EMF at an average specific absorption rate (SAR) of 2.0 W/kg (2 W/kg exposure group) or sham-exposed (2 W/kg control group) for 24 h, or exposed to RF EMF at a higher level of 3.5 W/kg (3.5 W/kg exposure group) or sham-exposed (3.5 W/kg control group).
Project description:Hearing loss (HL) is the most common sensory disorder in the world population. One common cause of hearing loss is the presence of vestibular schwannoma (VS) a benign tumor of the VIII cranial nerve, arising from Schwann cells (SCs) transformation. In the last decade, an increasing incidence of VSs may be ascribed to the exposure to electromagnetic field (EMF), which may be considered a pathogenic cause of VS development and HL. In this paper, we explore the possible molecular mechanisms underlying the biologic changes of human SCs and/or their oncogenic transformation following EMF exposure. We investigated, by NGS technology RNA-Seq transcriptomic analysis, the genomic profile and the differential display of HL-related genes following chronic EMF. We found that cell proliferation in parallel with intracellular signaling and metabolic pathways, mostly related to translation and mitochondrial activity were modified by chronic EMF exposure. Importantly, the expression of some HL-related genes, such as NEFL, TPRN, OTOGL, GJB2 and REST appeared regulated chronic EMF.
Project description:Acididesulfobacillus acetoxydans is an acidophilic sulfate reducer that can dissimilatory reduce nitrate to ammonia (DNRA). However, no known nitrite reductase is encoded. This study was performed to investigate how A. acetoxydans reduces nitrate to nitrite and elucidated a novel DNRA mechanism and potential nitrosative stress resistance mechanisms in acidophiles.