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Neoantigen identification for 1956 and F244 murine MCA-sarcomas

ABSTRACT: Neoantigen identification for 1956 and F244 murine MCA-sarcomas

PROVIDER: PRJNA1113588 | ENA |

REPOSITORIES: ENA

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			Action	DRS
	SRR29090567_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR29090567_2.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR29090568_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR29090568_2.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR29090569_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz

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Neoantigen identification for 1956 and F244 murine MCA-sarcomas

Project description:This study was to predict neoantigens in 1956 and F244 murine MCA-sarcomas (female C57BL/6N and male 129S6 lines, respectively). Mutations were called by comparing tumor versus normal whole exome sequencing (WES) data, and filtered for expressing mutations using RNA-seq data. Out of expressing mutations, MHC class I or II neoantigens were predicted and screened by T cell reactivities (IFN-gamma ELISPOT and tetramer staining). Therapeutic vaccine confirmed an M50I mutation in Psmd6 and an R144S mutation in Cs to be the major MHC class I (H-2Kb) and II (I-Ab) neoantigens for 1956; and a G122A in Pex14 and a D2944Y mutation in Plec to be the major class I (H-2Kb) and class II (I-Ab) neoantigens for F244.

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Single cell analysis reveals distinct immune landscapes in transplant and primary sarcomas that determine response or resistance to immunotherapy: Bulk Tumor RNA Sequencing for Rag2-/- and Rag2+/- primary p53/MCA tumors

Project description:Abstract: Immunotherapy fails to cure most cancer patients. Preclinical studies indicate that radiotherapy synergizes with immunotherapy, promoting radiation-induced antitumor immunity. Most preclinical immunotherapy studies utilize transplant tumor models, which overestimate patient responses. Here, we show that transplant sarcomas are cured by PD-1 blockade and radiotherapy, but identical treatment fails in autochthonous sarcomas, which demonstrate immunoediting, decreased neoantigen expression, and tumor-specific immune tolerance. We characterize tumor-infiltrating immune cells from transplant and primary tumors, revealing striking differences in their immune landscapes. Although radiotherapy remodels myeloid cells in both models, only transplant tumors are enriched for activated CD8+ T cells. The immune microenvironment of primary murine sarcomas resembles most human sarcomas, while transplant sarcomas resemble the most inflamed human sarcomas. These results identify distinct microenvironments in murine sarcomas that coevolve with the immune system and suggest that patients with a sarcoma immune phenotype similar to transplant tumors may benefit most from PD-1 blockade and radiotherapy.

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Project description:Neoantigens derived from non-synonymous somatic mutations, especially gene fusion mutation, are restricted to tumor cells and thus considered ideal targets for T-cell receptor-engineering T-cells (TCR-T) immunotherapy. Adoptive transfer of neoantigen-specific TCR-T cells preferentially exhibit potent cytotoxicity preferentially to tumor cells, and has shown promising efficacy in several preclinical human cancer models. However, most neoantigens are unique to individual patient, which hinders the application of TCR-T cell therapy. In this study, we first discovered a paired / TCR repertoire, Tcr-1, that specifically targeted STY-SSX fusion neoantigen shared by almost all synovial sarcomas. Engineered T-cell expressing Tcr-1 (Tcr-T1) exhibited antigen-specific HLA-A*2402-restricted antitumoral activity against synovial sarcomas cell both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, to furtherly extend its application beyond synovial sarcomas, we innovatively developed a cooperative therapeutic modality, in which exogenous SYT-SSX fusion neoantigen was loaded into enzyme-responsive nanoparticles (NPs) formed by mPEG-PVGLIG-PCL copolymers (FNeo-AgNPs) for tumor targeting delivery. As expected, FNeo-AgNPs were proven of great tumor penetration, and local release. In situ modification was able to direct engineered Tcr-T1 against to other malignant gastric cancer cell line with significant antigen-specific HLA-A*2402-restricted cytotoxicity resulting in remarkable tumor regression and prolonging survival in both subcutaneous and peritoneally disseminated preclinical models, despite of their inherent mutation profiles. With these favorable data, our established cooperative therapeutic modality has a great potential for further clinical investigation, and provide a now insight for future TCR-T cell therapy development.

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