Project description:We report an outbreak among swine and a farmer caused by zoonotic B. bronchiseptica, and uncovered the evolutionary path during cross-species infections. Genome sequencing revealed identical chromosomal sequences in both the human and swine strains, with the swine isolate possessing an additional plasmid absent in the human variant. The entire plasmid gene was integrated into the chromosome via site-specific recombination. The human variant, devoid of the plasmid, exhibited heightened virulence, growth rate, temperature stress, and biofilm formation ability compared to its porcine counterpart.
Project description:Porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) is an emerging pathogen of swine belonging to family Coronaviridae, genus Deltacoronavirus. PDCoV predominantly infects the porcine intestinal epithelial cells (IPECs) causing severe diarrhea and/or vomiting, dehydration, and death in piglets. However, there are no researches for clarifying the changes of proteins expression levels in the IPECs infected with PDCoV. To better understand the host response to PDCoV infection, in this study, an isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) labeling combined with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS)-based quantitative proteomic analysis of PDCoV-infected IPEC-J2 cells were performed to investigate the differentially expressed cellular proteins in the PDCoV-infected IPEC-J2 cells. As a result, a total of 5,502 host proteins were quantified at 24 hours post-infection (hpi) in mock and infected cells, among which 78 cellular proteins were differentially expressed with 23 up-regulated proteins and 55 down-regulated proteins. Bioinformatics analysis demonstrated that most of these regulated proteins participated in immune system process and structural molecule activity. Further, expression levels of two representative proteins, ANAPC7 and IFIT1, were confirmed by relative real-time RT-PCR and western blot analysis. The data presented here will provide an overview of host cell response to PDCoV, which could benefit the development of potential antiviral research.
Project description:Helicobacter pylori, which is known as pathogens of various gastric diseases, have many types of genome sequence variants. That is part of the reason why pathogenesis and infection mechanisms of the H. pylori-driven gastric diseases have not been well clarified yet. Here we performed a large-scale proteome analysis to profile the heterogeneity of the proteome expression of 7 H. pylori strains by using LC/MS/MS-based proteomics approach combined with a customized database consisting of non-redundant tryptic peptide sequences derived from full genome sequences of 52 H. pylori strains. The non-redundant peptide database enabled us to identify more peptides in the database search of MS/MS data, compared with a simply merged protein database. Using the approach we performed proteome analysis of genome-unknown strains of H. pylori in as large-scale as genome-known ones. Clustering of the H. pylori strains using the proteome profiling slightly differed from the genome profiling and more clearly divided the strains into two groups based on the isolated area. Furthermore, we also identified phosphorylated proteins and sites of the H. pylori strains and obtained phosphorylation motif located in the N-terminus, which are commonly observed in bacteria.
Project description:Porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) is a newly emerging and special delta coronavirus, which infect mammals such as pigs, cattle and humans, as well as chickens and birds. Exploring RNA structures in the viral genome benefits the understanding of the role of RNA in the lifecycle of viruses. In this study, vRIC-seq is employed to analyze the RNA-RNA interaction in the whole genome structure of PDCoV in virions. About 12.87 and 13.52 million paired reads are obtained in two biological replicates, respectively, with 17.9% and 14.8% of them are identified as valid chimeric reads. These are employed to predict the RNA secondary structure, which is compact and highly structured. A twisted-cyclized conformation is observed in the RNA-RNA interaction map of PDCoV for the first time. 77 multi-way junctions are evenly distributed in the PDCoV genome. Our work provides fundamental structural insights that are essential for understanding the genomic structure and function, genetic evolution, and packaging characteristics of PDCoV.
Project description:Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae is the causative agent of porcine enzootic pneumonia and a major factor in the porcine respiratory disease complex. A clear understanding of the mechanisms of pathogenesis does not exist although it is clear that M. hyopneumoniae adheres to porcine ciliated epithelium by action of a protein called P97. Previous studies have shown variation in the gene encoding the P97cilium adhesin within different strains of M. hyopneumoniae, but the extent of genetic variation among field strains across the genome is not known. Since M. hyopneumoniae is a worldwide problem, it is reasonable to expect that a wide range of genetic variability may exist given all of the different breed and housing conditions. This variation may impact the overall virulence of a single strain. Using microarray technology, this study examined potential variation of fourteen field strains in comparison to strain 232 on which the array was based. Genomic DNA was obtained, amplified with TempliPhi™, and labeled indirectly with Alexa dyes. Post genomic hybridization, the arrays were scanned and data analyzed using a linear statistical model. Results indicate that genetic variation could be detected in all fourteen field strains but across different loci, suggesting that variation occurs throughout the genome. Fifty-nine percent of the variable loci were hypothetical genes. Twenty-two percent of the lipoprotein genes showed variation in at least one field strain. A permutation test identified a location in M. hyopneumoniae genome where spatial clustering of variability between the field strains and strain 232 exists. Keywords: CGH, Mycoplasma Hyopneumoniae