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Integrated analyses reveal two molecularly and clinically distinct subtypes of H3 K27M-mutant diffuse midline gliomas with prognostic significance

ABSTRACT: Integrated analyses reveal two molecularly and clinically distinct subtypes of H3 K27M-mutant diffuse midline gliomas with prognostic significance

PROVIDER: PRJNA1129172 | ENA |

REPOSITORIES: ENA

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Integrated analyses reveal two molecularly and clinically distinct subtypes of H3 K27M-mutant diffuse midline gliomas with prognostic significance

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Integrated analyses reveal two molecularly and clinically distinct subtypes of H3 K27M-mutant diffuse midline gliomas with prognostic significance.

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Multi-omic analysis of cell-of-origin and epigenomic state in pediatric H3K27M gliomas

Project description:It is not known whether midline pediatric gliomas driven by Histone 3 K27M mutations (oncohistones) or EZHIP expression (oncohistone-mimics) share a common cell-of-origin, or arise from distinct cell types with unique vulnerabilities to PRC2 inhibition and partner alterations. Here, we define the etiological and oncogenic relationship between pediatric midline gliomas characterized by inhibition of K27M and K27M-like oncohistones. We assemble an extensive reference for gliogenesis from the developing mouse and human fetal brain. With bulk and single-cell transcriptomics and epigenomics, we profiled a large cohort of primary tumors comprising H3.1K27M and H3.3K27M pontine gliomas, H3.3K27M thalamic gliomas, and EZHIP+ posterior fossa ependymomas. We focus on differences across axes of location (thalamus vs. pons vs. posterior fossa), tumor type (diffuse midline gliomas vs. ependymomas), and oncohistone (H3.1/2K27M vs. H3.3K27M vs. EZHIP). We use tumor molecular features to delineate transcriptional states and cell-of-origin in each entity. Finally, we use culture models in isogenic contexts to interrogate the effect of each oncohistone or mimic.

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Mutations within FGFR1 and BRAF indicate superior outcome in diffuse midline gliomas, H3F3A K27M mutant

Project description:Diffuse midline glioma (DMG) is a devastating disease that is defined by its localization, by the diffuse growth of astrocytic tumor cells, and by K27M mutations within Histone H3 proteins. In a large series of such tumor samples (n=83), we show here that 12 % of these cases (n=10) harbor concomitant hotspot mutations within FGFR1 or BRAF. Respective cases were all located in midline structures and matched with reference cases of DMG using global DNA methylation profiling. TP53 mutations were significantly more frequent in BRAF/FGFR1 wild type cases. Presence of hotspot mutations within FGFR1 or BRAF was associated with a significantly better overall survival, which was independent of the patients’ age and tumor localization. Thus, our results establish the relevance of FGFR1 or BRAF mutations in DMG as a prognostic marker and open new targeted therapy options in this subgroup of DMG.

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Evidence for coordinate epigenomic roles for CTCF and histone H3.3 in K27M diffuse midline gliomas

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