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A multilayered regulation of stem cell gene expression by EMB1579 defines root meristem function.

ABSTRACT: A multilayered regulation of stem cell gene expression by EMB1579 defines root meristem function.

PROVIDER: PRJNA1150543 | ENA |

REPOSITORIES: ENA

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			Action	DRS
	SRR30328483_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR30328483_2.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR30328484_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR30328484_2.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR30328485_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz

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A multilayered regulation of stem cell gene expression by EMB1579 defines root meristem function.

Project description:In the Arabidopsis root meristem, stem cell maintenance relies on the combined activity of transcription factor networks. The transcriptional regulator EMBRYO DEFECTIVE 1579 (EMB1579) controls many aspects of plant growth. The molecular mechanisms underlying its function in root development, and tissue patterning remain elusive. Here, we show that EMB1579 is required for stem cell maintenance and cell division orientation in the root meristem. EMB1579 modulates the function of two root stem cells' regulatory modules, PLETHORAS and SCARECROW-SHORT-ROOT, in a process that involves transcriptional regulation and post-transcriptional modification. We demonstrate that EMB1579 acts as a catalyst for stem cell gene expression, and its activity is fine-tuned through physical association with the RNA splicing factors; importantly, we unveil that the formation of nuclear condensates is essential for regulating the expression of root stem cell genes. Our data unveil a mechanism by which EMB1579 regulates stem cell determinants in the root meristem.

2025-04-10 | GSE275367 | GEO

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Project description:gnp07_regeneome_transdifferenciation - microdissection - Study of the moleculars mecanism during transdifferenciation of Root ApicalMeristem to Shoot Apical Meristem - middle of growth permits to induce transdifferenciation of root apical meristem to shoot apical meristem

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Root meristem growth factor 1 (RGF1) controls the PLETHORA 2 (PLT2) protein stability by redox-based modification in root meristem

Project description:The root meristem size and activity are maintained by the distributions of two reactive oxygen species (ROS) along root developmental zones and the gradient concentrations of a master regulator, PLETHORA 2 (PLT2). The ROOT MERISTEM GROWTH FACTOR 1 (RGF1) peptide modulates these two ROS distributions. The alterations of the ROS distribution by RGF1 result in the extended localizations of PLT2 and the enlarged root meristem. Therefore, deciphering the regulation mechanism of how ROS modulates the PLT2 protein stability is critical to study the root stem cell function.

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Transdifferentiation from root to shoot apical meristem

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Genome-wide analysis of PHABULOSA targets in Arabidopsis root meristem

Project description:We report the discovery of a root growth program in Arabidopsis that is independent of a functional quiescent center (QC). In this regulatory program, PHABULOSA (PHB), posttranscriptionally regulated by SHR and SCR, plays a central role. In phb shr and phb scr mutants, root meristem/growth activity recovers significantly. Interestingly, this recovery does not accompany the resurgence of QC cells. PHB regulates apical root growth in stele cells of the root meristem, located proximal to the QC. Our genome-wide investigation suggests that PHB exerts its influence on root growth by regulating auxin-cytokinin homeostasis. Apical root growth was restored when cytokinin levels were genetically reduced in the shr mutant. Conversely, when miRNA-resistant PHB was expressed in the root stele cells, apical root growth and meristem functions were significantly inhibited without blocking the QC identity. Taken together, our investigation reveals two mechanisms through which SHR regulates root growth and stem cell activities: one is to specify and maintain the QC and the other is to regulate the proximal meristem activity through PHB and cytokinin. In this regulation, QC seems to be more involved in maintaining the “growth signal” and thus ensure the indeterminate root growth.

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Project description:Myosins are evolutionarily conserved motor proteins that interact with actin filaments to regulate organelle transport, cytoplasmic streaming and cell growth. Plant specific Class XI myosin proteins direct cell division and root organogenesis. However, the roles of Class VIII myosin proteins in plant growth and development are less understood. Here, we investigated the function of an auxin-regulated Class VIII myosin, Arabidopsis thaliana Myosin 1 (ATM1), using genetics and live cell microscopy. ATM1 is a plasmodesmata-localized protein that is enriched in actively dividing cells in the root apical meristem (RAM). Loss of ATM1 function results in impaired primary root growth due to decreased RAM size and reduced cell proliferation in a sugar dependent manner. Examination of stem cell marker line expression in atm1-1 indicated impaired division of the lateral root cap and columella cells and a diminished auxin response. Transcriptome analysis of atm1-1 linked these growth defects to dysregulation of cell cycle and auxin pathway genes. Complementation of ATM1 loss-of- function mutant restored root growth and cell cycle progression in the root meristem. Collectively, these results provide novel evidence that ATM1 functions to influence cell proliferation and differentiation in primary roots in response to auxin and sugar cues.

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Project description:Differentiation processes in the primary root meristem are controlled by several signaling pathways that are regulated by phytohormones or by secreted peptides. Long term maintenance of an active root meristem requires that the generation of new root meristem cells and the loss of cells from the meristem due to differentiation is precisely coordinated. Via phenotypic and large scale transcriptome analyses of mutants, we show that the signalling peptide CLE40 and the receptor proteins CLV2 and CRN act in two genetically separable pathways that antagonistically regulate cell differentiation in the proximal root meristem. CLE40 inhibits cell differentiation throughout the primary root meristem by controlling genes with roles in abscisic acid, auxin and cytokinin signalling. CRN and CLV2 jointly control target genes that promote cell differentiation specifically in the transition zone of the proximal root meristem. While CRN and CLV2 are not acting in the CLE40 signaling pathway under normal growth conditions, both proteins are required when the levels of CLE40 or related CLE peptides increase. We show here that two antagonistically acting pathways controlling root meristem differentiation can be activated by the same peptide in a dosage dependent manner.

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Transcription profiling of Medicago truncatula root meristem cells

Project description:The root apical meristems (RAM) is established during embryogenesis and serves as a source of stem cells for plant growth and organogenesis. Young roots have a simple structure and meristeamtic and non-meristematic cells can be differentiated based on their location. We have used the Affymetrix Medicago Genome Array GeneChip to compare tissue from the root meristem and non-meristematic tissue to identify meristem specific candidate genes based on changes in gene expression before and after differentiation Experiment Overall Design: Roots were sectioned separating meristematic (root-tip) and non-meristematic root tissue; total RNA was extracted and used for hybridization to Affymetrix arrays

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