TRNA m1A modification regulates cholesterol biosynthesis to promote antitumor immunity of CD8+ T cells
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA1152006 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
Dataset's files
| Action | DRS | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SRR30361200_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR30361200_2.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR30361201_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR30361201_2.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR30361202_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz |
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Project description:Activation of CD8+ T cells necessitates rapid metabolic reprogramming to fulfill the substantial biosynthetic demands of their effector functions. However, the post-transcriptional mechanisms underpinning this process remain obscure. The tRNA N1-methyladenine (m1A) modification, which plays a role in maintaining tRNA stability and modulating protein translation, has an undefined physiological function in CD8+ T cells, particularly in antitumor responses. Here, we demonstrate that the tRNA m1A 'writer' gene Trmt61a enhances the tumor-killing capacity of CD8+ T cells by regulating cholesterol biosynthesis. We find that Trmt61a expression in CD8+ T cells is upregulated upon activation and correlates positively with T cell-mediated cytotoxicity within the tumor microenvironment of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. Deletion of Trmt61a in CD8+ T cells leads to a compromised tumor-killing function in both in vivo and in vitro assays, which is dependent on the m1A catalytic activity of TRMT61A. Mechanistically, tRNA m1A promotes antitumor immunity in CD8+ T cells by enhancing the translation of ATP citrate lyase (ACLY), a key enzyme for cholesterol biosynthesis. Supplementation with cholesterol can rescue the impaired tumor-killing function and proliferation of TRMT61A-deficient CD8+ T cells. Our findings underscore the significance of tRNA m1A modification as a regulatory checkpoint in cholesterol metabolism in CD8+ T cells, suggesting potential novel strategies for cancer immunotherapy.
2025-01-07 | GSE275602 | GEO
Project description:Reprogramming of mRNA translation drives malignant transformation and cancer development. Recently, increasing studies have demonstrated that tRNA modification emerges as a critical regulator of translational reprogramming; however, its function in cancers remains largely elusive. Herein, we identify the oncogenic role of tRNA N1-methyladenosine (m1A) modification in colorectal cancer (CRC). Targeting m1A methyltransferase TRMT6 in CRC cells decreases the abundance of a specific subset of tRNAs (e.g., tRNA-Arg-ACG-1-1, tRNA-Lys-TTT-1-1) and impairs histone mRNA translation in a codon-biased manner, thus restricting histone biosynthesis and cell cycle progression. We further demonstrate that the combination of TRMT6 inhibition and CDK4/6 inhibition shows a stronger anti-cancer effect on CRC cells by synergistically inhibit histone biosynthesis. Collectively, our study reveals that tRNA m1A modification acts as a translational checkpoint of histone biosynthesis and promotes CRC progression, providing new insights for the development of efficient therapeutic strategies against CRC.
2025-02-08 | GSE233354 | GEO
Project description:Reprogramming of mRNA translation drives malignant transformation and cancer development. Recently, increasing studies have demonstrated that tRNA modification emerges as a critical regulator of translational reprogramming; however, its function in cancers remains largely elusive. Herein, we identify the oncogenic role of tRNA N1-methyladenosine (m1A) modification in colorectal cancer (CRC). Targeting m1A methyltransferase TRMT6 in CRC cells decreases the abundance of a specific subset of tRNAs (e.g., tRNA-Arg-ACG-1-1, tRNA-Lys-TTT-1-1) and impairs histone mRNA translation in a codon-biased manner, thus restricting histone biosynthesis and cell cycle progression. We further demonstrate that the combination of TRMT6 inhibition and CDK4/6 inhibition shows a stronger anti-cancer effect on CRC cells by synergistically inhibit histone biosynthesis. Collectively, our study reveals that tRNA m1A modification acts as a translational checkpoint of histone biosynthesis and promotes CRC progression, providing new insights for the development of efficient therapeutic strategies against CRC.
2025-02-08 | GSE233356 | GEO
Project description:Reprogramming of mRNA translation drives malignant transformation and cancer development. Recently, increasing studies have demonstrated that tRNA modification emerges as a critical regulator of translational reprogramming; however, its function in cancers remains largely elusive. Herein, we identify the oncogenic role of tRNA N1-methyladenosine (m1A) modification in colorectal cancer (CRC). Targeting m1A methyltransferase TRMT6 in CRC cells decreases the abundance of a specific subset of tRNAs (e.g., tRNA-Arg-ACG-1-1, tRNA-Lys-TTT-1-1) and impairs histone mRNA translation in a codon-biased manner, thus restricting histone biosynthesis and cell cycle progression. We further demonstrate that the combination of TRMT6 inhibition and CDK4/6 inhibition shows a stronger anti-cancer effect on CRC cells by synergistically inhibit histone biosynthesis. Collectively, our study reveals that tRNA m1A modification acts as a translational checkpoint of histone biosynthesis and promotes CRC progression, providing new insights for the development of efficient therapeutic strategies against CRC.
2025-02-08 | GSE233358 | GEO
Project description:tRNA modifications help maintain tRNA structure and facilitate stress responses. Found in all three kingdoms of life, m1A tRNA modification occurs in the T loop of many tRNAs and stabilizes tertiary tRNA structure and impacts translation. M1A in T loop is known to be reversible by three mammalian demethylase enzymes, which bypasses the need of turning over the tRNA molecule to adjust their m1A levels in cells. However, no prokaryotic tRNA demethylase enzyme has been identified. Using Streptomyces venezuelae as a model organism, we confirmed the presence and quantitative m1A tRNA signatures using mass spectrometry and high throughput tRNA sequencing. We identified two RNA demethylases that can remove m1A in tRNA and confirmed the activity of a previously annotated tRNA m1A writer. Using single gene knockouts of these erasers and the m1A writer, we subjected these strains to stress conditions and found dynamic changes to m1A levels in many tRNAs. Phenotypic characterization highlighted changes to their growth and altered antibiotic production. Our identification of the first prokaryotic tRNA demethylase enzyme paves the way for investigating new mechanisms in global translational regulation in bacteria.
2024-06-20 | GSE264330 | GEO
Project description:N1-methyl adenosine (m1A) is a wide-spread RNA modification present in tRNA, rRNA and mRNA. m1A modification sites in tRNAs are evolutionary conserved and its formation on tRNA is catalyzed by methyltransferase TRMT61A and TRMT6 complex. m1A promotes translation initiation and elongation. Due to its positive charge under physiological conditions, m1A can notably modulate RNA structure. It also blocks Watson-Crick base pairing and causes mutation and truncation during reverse transcription. Several misincorporation-based high throughput sequencing methods have been developed to sequence m1A. In this study, we introduce a reduction-based m1A sequencing (red-m1A-seq). We report that NaBH4 reduction of m1A can improve the mutation and readthrough rates using commercially available RT enzymes to give better positive signature, while alkaline-catalyzed Dimroth rearrangement can efficiently convert m1A to m6A to provide good controls, allowing the detection of m1A with higher sensitivity and accuracy. We applied red‑m1A-seq to sequence human small RNA and we not only detected all the previously reported tRNA m1A sites, but also new m1A sites in mt-tRNAAsn-ATT and 5.8S rRNA.
2024-04-24 | GSE253657 | GEO
Project description:RNA N1-methyladenosine methylation (m1A) modification is critical in regulating mRNA translation and thus protein synthesis, but the role of m1A modification in the occurrence, progression, and immunotherapy of head and neck squamous cell cancer (HNSCC) remains largely unknown. In Tgfbr1/Pten 2cKO mice, we found that the spontaneous neoplastic transformation of oral mucosa is accompanied by elevated levels of m1A modification. Analysis of m1A-associated genes identified TRMT61A as the key m1A writer associated with cancer progression, and poor prognosis. Mechanically, TRMT61A-induced tRNA-m1A modification promotes MYC protein synthesis and subsequent programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression. In Tgfbr1/Pten 2cKO mice, RNA-m1A modification levels are also elevated in tumors that developed resistance to oncolytic herpes simplex virus (oHSV) treatment. Therapeutic inhibition of m1A modification sustains oncolytic virus-induced antitumor immunity and reduces tumor growth, providing a promising strategy for alleviating resistance to oHSV therapy. These findings indicate that m1A inhibition can prevent immune escape after oHSV therapy by reducing the expression of PD-L1. Our results provide a mutually reinforcing strategy for clinical combination immunotherapy.
2024-03-31 | GSE247024 | GEO
Project description:Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a common urological disease affecting elderly men. Although global hypermethylation has been implicated in BPH pathogenesis, the specific role of N1-methyladenosine (m1A) tRNA modifications remains unclear. Here, we find that RNA m1A modification and its methyltransferase TRMT61A were significantly upregulated in BPH tissues. Impaired m1A tRNA modification upon TRMT61A depletion resulted in decreased cell proliferation and contraction, as well as induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in prostate cells both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, TRMT61A knockdown decreased m1A-modified tRNAs, impairing global translation and altering translational efficiency of specific genes. Moreover, ribosome profiling and RNA sequencing revealed that genes with reduced translational efficiency upon TRMT61A depletion were enriched in the TGF-β signaling pathway, including TGFβR1, INHBA, SMAD2, FST, and ID2. Codon usage bias contributed to differential translational efficiency in TRMT61A-depleted cells. Our study reveals a novel mechanism by which TRMT61A promotes BPH progression through dynamic m1A tRNA modification and modulation of a codon-dependent translational network.
2026-07-04 | GSE272948 | GEO
Project description: Not available
| S-EPMC11774205 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a common urological disease affecting elderly men. Although global hypermethylation has been implicated in BPH pathogenesis, the specific role of N1-methyladenosine (m1A) tRNA modifications remains unclear. Here, we find that RNA m1A modification and its methyltransferase TRMT61A were significantly upregulated in BPH tissues. Impaired m1A tRNA modification upon TRMT61A depletion resulted in decreased cell proliferation and contraction, as well as induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in prostate cells both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, TRMT61A knockdown decreased m1A-modified tRNAs, impairing global translation and altering translational efficiency of specific genes. Moreover, ribosome profiling and RNA sequencing revealed that genes with reduced translational efficiency upon TRMT61A depletion were enriched in the TGF-β signaling pathway, including TGFβR1, INHBA, SMAD2, FST, and ID2. Codon usage bias contributed to differential translational efficiency in TRMT61A-depleted cells. Our study reveals a novel mechanism by which TRMT61A promotes BPH progression through dynamic m1A tRNA modification and modulation of a codon-dependent translational network.
2026-07-04 | GSE272951 | GEO