Project description:Transcriptional profiling of the antennae of adult honeybee workers with a dsx stop/stop mutation and wild-type workers was performed by RNA-Seq. Gene expression of the dsx stop/stop and wild type female workers was compared.
Project description:The purpose of this experiment was to compare RNA-seq profiles of adult male and female butterfly chemosensory tissues to identify tissue- and sex-specific differences in gustatory and olfactory gene expression. Three biological replicates per sex were produced from individual Heliconius melpomene rosina butterflies. For the antennal libraries, both antennae were used, for the labial palps + proboscis libraries both labial palps and each proboscis was used, and for the leg libraries all six legs were used.
Project description:We assessed the differential expression of genes in the adult antennae of pnt RNAi and control flies to understand how the expressions of olfactory receptors could change in response to cell fate alteration in the antennae.
Project description:Sex-specific gene expression in sensory organs may play an important role in mating and foraging behavior. We used long-oligonucleotide microarrays to compare gene expression profiles of males and females in three adult appendages that carry large numbers of chemosensory organs â antenna, proboscis, and front leg. Keywords: tissue-specific expression profiles Drosophila isogenic line WI89 was used. Adult male and female antennae (a3+arista), front legs (from distal tibia down), and proboscises were dissected at 1-2 hours after eclosion. Total RNA was extracted and the mRNA fraction was amplified by reverse transcription followed by in vitro transcription with T7 RNA polymerase.
Project description:Like humans, insects rely on precise regulation of their internal environments to survive. The insect renal system consists of Malpighian tubules and nephrocytes that share similarities to the mammalian kidney. Studies of the adult Drosophila Malpighian tubules and nephrocytes have led to many insights in our understanding of stem cell regeneration, protein reabsorption, excretion of waste products, and human kidney diseases. Here, we analyzed single-nucleus RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq) data sets to characterize the cell types of the adult male and female fly kidney.
Project description:H. saltator orco mutant has a reduced number of cells in the antennae. We performed RNA-seq of the developing pupal antennae to describe the developmental context of cell death in the mutant pupae.
Project description:Arthropod genitalia and walking legs are serially homologous appendages derived from a ventral appendage ‘ground state’ shaped by different Hox inputs. However, there has been little comparison between the downstream gene regulatory networks and how they build and pattern serially homologous appendages differently. In the pre-tarsal region of the developing leg and antennae of Drosophila, a combination of the transcription factors C15, Lim1 homeobox 1 (Lim1), and Al (Aristaless) are required for the development of the terminal structures, the tarsal claws and aristae, respectively, but the role and interactions among these factors as well as other genes known to regulate leg development was not known in the developing genitalia. Here, we explored the expression and function of C15, Lim1, and Al in male and female terminalia (genitalia and analia) development. We found that C15 represses male clasper bristle development but is required for promoting female epiproct bristles. Unlike in the antennae and leg discs, C15, Lim1, and Al are never all co-expressed in any male or female terminal structures, evidencing the interactions among these factors have changed among serially homologous appendages. However, we did infer interactions between C15 and other factors, including bab2 and Dll reflecting similarities between leg and genital development consistent with their homology. Finally, we identified a male-specific clasper enhancer of C15, probably regulated by the Hox gene Abdominal-B, which is not active in the female terminalia or the legs or antennae. This enhancer modularity of C15 may underpin tissue-specific regulatory logic, presumably programmed by different Hox inputs such as Abd-B in the genitalia, and that could have contributed to the diversification of these serially homologous structures from the ‘ground state’ ventral appendage as well as the rapid evolution of terminal morphology among species.
Project description:H. saltator orco mutant has a reduced number of cells in the antennae. We performed RNA-seq of the antennae and compared the mutant to the wild type to identify any differentially expressed odorant receptor genes.
Project description:Background Antennae of fruit flies are the major organs responsible for detecting environmental volatiles, e.g., egg-laying substrates. An adult antenna contains many sensilla full of olfactory sensory neurons, where olfactory receptor (Or) genes are expressed. Each sensory neuron only expresses up to three receptors, making it difficult to estimate expression levels by conventional methods. In this study, we applied Illumina RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) to study the expression levels of Or and other genes in fly antennae. Results RNA from approximately 1,200 pairs of adult antennae from each sex of Drosophila melanogaster was used to obtain the antennal transcriptome of each sex. We detected approximately 12,000 genes expressed in antennae of either sex. The most highly expressed genes included pheromone-binding genes, transmembrane transporter genes, and sensory reception genes. Among the 61 annotated Or genes, we observed 53 and 54 genes (approximately 90%) expressed (fragments per kilobase of exon per million fragments mapped (FPKM) > 0.05) in male and female antennae, respectively; approximately 25 genes were expressed with FPKM > 15. Compared to previous studies, which extracted RNA from the whole body or head and used microarrays, antenna-specific transcriptomes obtained by RNA-seq provided more reliable estimates of gene expression levels and revealed many lowly expressed genes. Ninty-one genes, including one odorant-binding protein (Obp) gene and four Or genes, were differentially expressed between male and female antennae. These sexually biased genes were enriched on the X chromosome and showed enrichment in different gene ontology categories for male and female flies. The present and previous data together suggest that a gene family with putative immune response functions is related to pheromone detection and involved in the courtship behavior of male flies. Conclusions Tissue-specific RNA-seq is powerful for detecting lowly expressed genes. Our study provides new insight into the expression of olfactory-related genes in Drosophila antennae.ophila sechellia relies exclusively on the fruits of Morinda citrifolia, which are toxic to most insects, including its sibling species D. melanogaster and D. simulans. Although several odorant binding protein (Obp) genes and olfactory receptor (Or) genes were suggested to be associated with the D. sechellia host shift, a broad view of how chemosensory genes have contributed to this shift is still lacking. We therefore studied the antennal transcriptomes, the main organ responsible for detecting food resource and oviposition, of D. sechellia and its two sibling species. We wanted to know whether gene expression, particularly chemosensory genes, has diverged between D. sechellia and its two sibling species. Using a very stringent definition of differential gene expression, we found 147 genes (including 11 chemosensory genes) were up-regulated while only 81 genes (including 5 chemosensory genes) were down-regulated in D. sechellia. Interestingly, Obp50a exhibited the highest up-regulation, a ~100 fold increase, and Or85c – previously reported to be a larva-specific gene– showed ~20 fold up-regulation in D. sechellia. Furthermore, Ir84a, proposed to be associated with male courtship behavior, is significantly up-regulated in D. sechellia. We also found expression divergence in most of the receptor gene families between D. sechellia and the two sibling species. Our observations suggest that the host shift of D. sechellia is associated with expression profile divergence in all chemosensory gene families and is achieved mostly by up-regulation of chemosensory genes.the evolutionary behaviour of Polycomb group proteins, their recruitment factors and their underlying sequences by performing ChIP-seq analysis in 4-5 different Drosophila species (GSE60428) and HiC analysis in Drosophila melanogaster. We demonstrate an extremely high conservation of Polycomb repressive domains across Drosophila species We validate few cases of PRE divergence that shows that cis-driven PRE evolution is a rare event. We further show that PHO recruitment to Polycomb domains is evolutionarily robust to motif changes and that PRC1 stabilizes binding of its key recruiter