PolySUMOylation of PCNA and Rad52 restricts centromeric recombination in fission yeast
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA1159126 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
Dataset's files
| Action | DRS | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SRR30617433_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR30617433_2.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR30617434_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR30617434_2.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR30617435_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz |
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Project description:SUMOylation, a conserved post-translational modification in eukaryotes, regulates protein function, localization, and stability. One of the least understood aspects of SUMOylation is formation of polymeric chains and their impact on DNA metabolism. Here, using Schizosaccharomyces pombe, we show that loss of SUMO chains results in elevated spontaneous replication stress and DNA damage. Notably, SUMO chains are required for proper centromeric organization; their absence leads to aberrant recruitment of recombination factors and increased recombination within centromeres. To explore site-specific SUMOylation connected with recombination repair, we established a split-SUMO-ID proteomics approach that allowed identification of SUMO- and Rad52-dependent interactomes. This revealed an enrichment of polySUMOylated proteins at the sites of Rad52 repair, including the essential replication factor PCNA. We demonstrate that SUMO chain-modified PCNA counteracts Rad8-mediated PCNA polyubiquitination, thereby regulating the channeling toward the template-switch branch of post-replication repair at stalled forks within centromeres. In the absence of SUMO chains, excessive template-switching drives elevated recombination at centromeres. Finally, we show that artificial tethering of a SUMO chain to Rad52 suppresses centromeric recombination caused by loss of SUMO chains. Together, our findings uncover an essential role for SUMO chains in maintaining centromere stability by modulating DNA repair pathway choice under endogenous replication stress.
2024-09-15 | GSE276805 | GEO
Project description:Checkpoints are cellular surveillance and signaling pathways that regulate responses to DNA damage and perturbations of DNA replication. Here we show that high levels of sumoylated Rad52 are present in the mec1 sml1 and rad53 sml1 checkpoint mutants exposed to DNA damaging agents such as methyl methanesulfonate (MMS) or the DNA replication inhibitor hydroxyurea (HU). The kinase-defective mutant rad53-K227A also showed high levels of Rad52 sumoylation. Elevated levels of Rad52 sumoylation occur in checkpoint mutants proceeding S phase being exposed DNA-damaging agent. Interestingly, ChIP on chip analyses revealed non-canonical chromosomal localization of Rad52 in the HU-treated rad53-K227A cells arrested in early S phase: Rad52 localization at dormant and early DNA replication origins. However, such unusual localization was not dependent on the sumoylation of Rad52. In addition, we also found that Rad52 could be highly sumoylated in the absence of Rad51. Double deletion of RAD51 and RAD53 exhibited the similar levels of Rad52 sumoylation to RAD51 single deletion. The significance and regulation mechanism of Rad52 sumoylation by checkpoint pathways will be discussed. Keywords: ChIP-chip
2009-05-26 | GSE14761 | GEO
Project description:Checkpoints are cellular surveillance and signaling pathways that regulate responses to DNA damage and perturbations of DNA replication. Here we show that high levels of sumoylated Rad52 are present in the mec1 sml1 and rad53 sml1 checkpoint mutants exposed to DNA damaging agents such as methyl methanesulfonate (MMS) or the DNA replication inhibitor hydroxyurea (HU). The kinase-defective mutant rad53-K227A also showed high levels of Rad52 sumoylation. Elevated levels of Rad52 sumoylation occur in checkpoint mutants proceeding S phase being exposed DNA-damaging agent. Interestingly, ChIP on chip analyses revealed non-canonical chromosomal localization of Rad52 in the HU-treated rad53-K227A cells arrested in early S phase: Rad52 localization at dormant and early DNA replication origins. However, such unusual localization was not dependent on the sumoylation of Rad52. In addition, we also found that Rad52 could be highly sumoylated in the absence of Rad51. Double deletion of RAD51 and RAD53 exhibited the similar levels of Rad52 sumoylation to RAD51 single deletion. The significance and regulation mechanism of Rad52 sumoylation by checkpoint pathways will be discussed. Keywords: ChIP-chip ⢠The goal of the experiment Genome-wide localization of Rad52 binding sites in Saccharomyces cerevisiae ⢠Experimental factor Distribution of Rad52 on chromosome III, IV, and V and the right arm of chromosome VI Strain: wild type, rad53 mutant, and rad53 siz2 mutant (W303 background, expressing myc tagged protein from its native promoter) Cell condition 1: G1 arrest with alpha-factor Cell condition 2: HU treatment ⢠Experimental design ChIP analyses: ChIP using anti-c-Myc antibody. ChIP-chip analyses: In all cases, hybridization data of ChIP fraction was compared with WCE (whole cell extract) fraction. Saccharomyces cerevisiae affymetrix genome tiling array (SC3456a520015F) were used. ⢠Quality control steps taken Confirmation of several loci by quantitative real time PCR. Wild type cells expressing non-tagged Rad52 were used as a negative control of DNA amplification.
2010-05-18 | E-GEOD-14761 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Gross chromosomal rearrangements (GCRs), including translocation, deletion, and inversion, can cause cell death and genetic diseases such as cancer in multicellular organisms. Rad51, a DNA strand exchange protein, suppresses GCRs by repairing spontaneous DNA damage through a conservative way of homologous recombination, gene conversion. On the other hand, Rad52 that catalyzes single-strand annealing (SSA) causes GCRs using homologous sequences. However, the detailed mechanism of Rad52-dependent GCRs remains unclear. Here, we provide genetic evidence that fission yeast Rad8/HLTF facilitates Rad52-dependent GCRs through the ubiquitination of lysine 107 (K107) of PCNA, a DNA sliding clamp. In rad51Δ cells, loss of Rad8 eliminated 75% of the isochromosomes resulting from centromere inverted repeat recombination, showing that Rad8 is essential for the formation of the majority of isochromosomes in rad51Δ cells. Rad8 HIRAN and RING finger mutations reduced GCRs, suggesting that Rad8 facilitates GCRs through 3' DNA-end binding and ubiquitin ligase activity. Mms2 and Ubc4 but not Ubc13 ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes were required for GCRs. Consistent with this, mutating PCNA K107 rather than the well-studied PCNA K164 reduced GCRs. Rad8-dependent PCNA K107 ubiquitination facilitates Rad52-dependent GCRs, as PCNA K107R, rad8, and rad52 mutations epistatically reduced GCRs. In contrast to GCRs, PCNA K107R did not significantly change gene conversion rates, suggesting a specific role of PCNA K107 ubiquitination in GCRs. PCNA K107R enhanced temperature-sensitive growth defects of DNA ligase I cdc17-K42 mutant, implying that PCNA K107 ubiquitination occurs when Okazaki fragment maturation fails. Remarkably, K107 is located at the interface between PCNA subunits, and an interface mutation D150E bypassed the requirement of PCNA K107 and Rad8 ubiquitin ligase for GCRs. These data suggest that Rad8-dependent PCNA K107 ubiquitination facilitates Rad52-dependent GCRs by changing the PCNA clamp structure.
| S-EPMC8297803 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The cGAS-cGAMP-STING pathway is crucial for antiviral immunity. While cytosolic cGAS detects viral DNA, most DNA viruses shield their genome and invade the nucleus, where chromatin restricts cGAS activation. How viruses may activate nuclear cGAS is not well understood. Here, we show that several herpesvirus proteins trigger nuclear cGAS activation by perturbing centromeres, where cGAS is enriched. The herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) ubiquitin ligase ICP0, which degrades centromeric proteins, promotes centromeric DNA amplification through the translesion DNA synthesis (TLS) pathway in quiescent monocyte-derived cells, thereby activating nuclear cGAS. During infection, HSV-1 evades this detection by also expressing UL36USP, a suppressor of TLS. Similarly to ICP0, the cytomegalovirus IE1 protein causes centromeric DNA amplification and cGAS activation. We define this mechanism as Viral-Induced Centromeric DNA Amplification and Recognition (VICAR), uncovering a non-mitotic, immune-activating role of centromeres.
2025-05-25 | GSE254979 | GEO
Project description:Gene disruption by CRISPR/Cas9 is highly efficient and relies on the error-prone non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ) pathway. Conversely, precise gene editing requires homology-directed repair (HDR), which occurs at a lower frequency than NHEJ in mammalian cells. Here, by testing whether manipulation of DNA repair factors would improve HDR efficacy, we show that transient ectopic co-expression of RAD52 and a dominant-negative 53BP1 (dn53BP1) synergize to enable efficient HDR using a single-stranded oligonucleotide DNA donor template at multiple loci in human cells, including patient-derived induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells. Co-expression of RAD52 and dn53BP1 improves multiplexed HDR-mediated editing, whereas expression of RAD52 alone enhances HDR with Cas9 nickase. Our data show that the frequency of NHEJ-mediated DSB repair in the presence of these two factors is not suppressed, and suggest that dn53BP1 competitively antagonizes 53BP1 to augment HDR in combination with RAD52. Importantly, co-expression of RAD52 and dn53BP1 does not alter Cas9 off-target activity. These findings support the use of RAD52 and dn53BP1 co-expression to overcome bottlenecks that limit HDR in precision genome editing.
2017-11-23 | GSE103241 | GEO
Project description:Collisions of transcription and replication machinery on the same DNA strand can pose a significant threat to genomic stability. These collision occur in part due to of RNA-DNA hybrids termed R-loops, in which a newly synthesized RNA molecule hybridizes with the DNA template strand. This study investigated the novel role of RAD52, a known DNA repair factor, in preventing collisions by managing R-loop formation and resolution. We show that RAD52 deficiency increases R-loop accumulation, exacerbating collisions and resulting in elevated DNA damage. Further, RAD52's ability to interact with the transcription machinery, coupled with its capacity to facilitate R-loop dissolution, highlights its role in preventing collisions. Lastly, we provide the first evidence of an increased mutational burden at conserved R-loop sites in human tumor samples. In summary, this study underscores the importance of RAD52 in orchestrating the delicate balance between replication and transcription processes to prevent collisions and maintain genome stability.
2024-07-11 | GSE266483 | GEO
Project description:Dsk1 repairs DSBs by homologous recombination via Rad52 in Schizosaccharomyces pombe
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Project description:ChIP-on-chip of Rad52 at time 60' after cdc25-22 release in the following strains: cdc25-22, cdc25-22 rad3∆
2018-05-31 | GSE113559 | GEO
Project description:We report the development of a novel strand-specific ChIP-seq strategy and application of this strategy in studying genome instability events We examined vulnerable genomic sites by applying strand-specific ChIP-seq of Rad52 to S. pombe haploid mutants showing elevated level of genome instability.
2012-07-07 | E-GEOD-39166 | biostudies-arrayexpress