Project description:CD4+ T lymphocytes are key to immunological memory, but little is known about the lifestyle of memory CD4+ T lymphocytes. We showed that in the memory phase of specific immune responses to antigens, most of the memory CD4+ T lymphocytes relocated into the bone marrow (BM) within 3-8 weeks after their generation, a process involving integrin a2. Antigen-specific memory CD4+ T lymphocytes expressed Ly-6C to a high degree, unlike most splenic CD44hiCD62L- CD4+ T lymphocytes. In adult mice, more than 80% of Ly-6Chi CD44hiCD62L- memory CD4+ T lymphocytes were in the BM. In the BM, they are located next to IL-7-expressing VCAM-1+ stroma cells, and were in a resting state. Upon challenge with antigen, they rapidly expressed cytokines and CD154 and induced the production of high-affinity antibodies, indicating their functional activity in vivo and marking them as professional memory T helper cells Experiment Overall Design: FACSAria sorted CD44highCD62L-CD25- CD4+ T cells of murine (C57BL/6 mice) bone marrow were compared to those of the spleen using Affymetrix GeneChip Mouse Genome 430A 2.0 Array. After total RNA extraction, reverse transcription, cDNA extraction, the biotinylated cRNA was transcribed, fragmented, and 15 µg cRNA hybridized in triplicates for each of the two groups to the GeneChip arrays. Group of bone marrow chips: BMCD4T1, BMCD4T2, BMCD4T3, group of spleen chips: SCD4T1, SCD4T2, SCD4T3. Lists of differentially regulated genes were created using High Performance Chip Data Analysis (HPCDA) with Bioretis database (http://www.bioretis-analysis.de).
Project description:CD4+ T lymphocytes are key to immunological memory, but little is known about the lifestyle of memory CD4+ T lymphocytes. We showed that in the memory phase of specific immune responses to antigens, most of the memory CD4+ T lymphocytes relocated into the bone marrow (BM) within 3-8 weeks after their generation, a process involving integrin a2. Antigen-specific memory CD4+ T lymphocytes expressed Ly-6C to a high degree, unlike most splenic CD44hiCD62L- CD4+ T lymphocytes. In adult mice, more than 80% of Ly-6Chi CD44hiCD62L- memory CD4+ T lymphocytes were in the BM. In the BM, they are located next to IL-7-expressing VCAM-1+ stroma cells, and were in a resting state. Upon challenge with antigen, they rapidly expressed cytokines and CD154 and induced the production of high-affinity antibodies, indicating their functional activity in vivo and marking them as professional memory T helper cells
Project description:To understand tissue resident features of memory CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes of the bone marrow and/or spleen according to expressing or not the tissue retention marker CD69, we performed whole transcriptome profiling of ex vivo antigen-specific CD69+ and CD69- memory CD4+ T cells isolated from bone marrow and spleen, and ex vivo CD69+ and CD69- memory CD8+ T cells isolated from bone marrow.
Project description:Immune cell-specific expression is one indication of the importance of a gene's role in the immune response. In order to identify such patterns, we set out to broadly profile gene expression in a variety of immune cells. We isolated twelve different types of human leukocytes from peripheral blood and bone marrow, treated them to induce activation and/or differentiation, and profiled their gene expression before and after treatment. The twelve cell types are: B cells, CD14+ cells, CD4+ CD45RO+ CD45RA- T cells, CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, IgG/IgA memory B cells, IgM memory B cells, Monocytes, NK cells, Neutrophils, Plasma cells from bone marrow, and Plasma cells from PBMC.
Project description:Across tissues, tissue-resident memory T cells have been defined as cells which express CD69 in their cell surface, but not S1PR1, the receptor for the tissue-egress signal sphingosin-1-phosphate (S1P). It is less clear whether CD69-negative memory T cells are also tissue-resident. Here, we compare transcriptomes and T cell receptor repertoires of individual CD4 and CD8 memory T cells from paired blood and bone marrow of three human donors. CD69- memory T cells of blood and bone marrow share transcriptionally defined clusters, as defined by signature genes reflecting their imprinting during activation. However, cells of related clusters of blood and bone marrow have distinct TCR repertoires, suggesting that they represent distinct compartments of memory, and that the CD69- memory T cells are residents of the bone marrow. Interestingly, the surface CD69- memory T cells of bone marrow do transcribe the CD69 gene, and they express S1PR1, suggesting that they are blindfolded for S1P by dimerization and internalization of CD69 and S1PR1, maintaining them in the tissue.
Project description:Across tissues, tissue-resident memory T cells have been defined as cells which express CD69 in their cell surface, but not S1PR1, the receptor for the tissue-egress signal sphingosin-1-phosphate (S1P). It is less clear whether CD69-negative memory T cells are also tissue-resident. Here, we compare transcriptomes and T cell receptor repertoires of individual CD4 and CD8 memory T cells from paired blood and bone marrow of three human donors. CD69- memory T cells of blood and bone marrow share transcriptionally defined clusters, as defined by signature genes reflecting their imprinting during activation. However, cells of related clusters of blood and bone marrow have distinct TCR repertoires, suggesting that they represent distinct compartments of memory, and that the CD69- memory T cells are residents of the bone marrow. Interestingly, the surface CD69- memory T cells of bone marrow do transcribe the CD69 gene, and they express S1PR1, suggesting that they are blindfolded for S1P by dimerization and internalization of CD69 and S1PR1, maintaining them in the tissue.
Project description:To udnderstand the tissue-resident features of antigen-specific memory T cells of the bone marrow and spleen, we performed RNA-Seq and compared expression levels of genes of resting LCMV.GP66-77 specific CD4 T cells isolated from bone marrow (BM) and spleen of LCMV.GP61-80 primed C57BL/6 mice.
Project description:HIV-1 infection rapidly leads to a loss of the proliferative response of memory CD4+ T lymphocytes, when cultured with recall antigens. We report here that CD73 expression defines a subset of resting memory CD4 T cells which highly express the alpha-chain of the receptor for IL-7 (CD127), but not CD38 or Ki-67 in vivo, yet are highly proliferative in response to mitogen and recall antigens, and to IL-7, in vitro. These cells also preferentially express CCR5 and produce IL-2. We reasoned that CD73+ memory CD4+ T cells decrease early in HIV-1 infection. We compared gene expression profiles of healthy subjects recovered CD4+CD73+ to CD4+CD73- T cells, and also CD8+CD73+ to CD8+CD73- T cells
Project description:Different naïve or memory cell subpopulations (i.e., central memory/CM, effector memory/EM, or terminally differentiated effector memory/EMRA) are involved in asthma development, and they display variable levels of the CD26 (dipeptidyl peptidase 4/DPP4). The phenotype and/or severity of the disease could drive to a phenotypic shift in naïve/memory lymphocyte subsets. Therefore, the aim of our work was to evaluate the association of the phenotype and severity of asthma with the relative frequency of CD26-/lo, CD26int, and CD26hi subsets within CD4+ effector T cells (Teff), total CD4- lymphocytes, γδ-T cells, NK cells, and NKT cells. For that, flow cytometry analyses were performed in peripheral blood samples from healthy donors (N=30) and asthma patients (N=119) with different phenotypes/severities. To avoid a priori bias, we have performed a K-means clustering analysis including clinical and flow cytometry data, resulting in four groups, two of them with opposite inflammatory profiles (eosinophilic vs. neutrophilic). CD4-CD26hi cells were reduced in neutrophilic asthma, and negatively correlated with degree of systemic inflammation. Interestingly, the eosinophilic group displayed a general expansion of CD26-/lo lymphocyte subsets. The expansion of CD4+CD26-/lo Teff cells with a TEM/TEMRA phenotype was confirmed in asthma, especially in atopic patients. Further characterisation of this subset by LC MS/MS revealed upregulated levels of innate (e.g., MPO and RNASE2) and cytoskeleton/extracellular matrix (e.g., MMP9, ACTN1) proteins, which matches its terminally differentiated phenotype. Validation by immunofluorescence confirmed the presence of many of these proteins in CD4+ T cells, as well as an enrichment in “flower-like” nuclei and MMP9/RNASE2 levels in CD4+CD26-/lo Teff compared to CD4+ T lymphocytes. Therefore, there is an association between CD26 levels in different lymphocyte subsets and asthma phenotypes/severities. CD4+CD26-/loTEMRA cells expressing innate proteins specific to eosinophils/neutrophils could be relevant in sustaining long-term inflammation in adult allergic asthma.