Project description:Skeletal muscle maintains remarkable regenerative ability after injury, which mainly depends on the coordination and dynamic regulation between muscle stem cells and various other cell types. Recent studies have shown that fibro/adipogenic progenitors (FAP) play an important role in skeletal muscle regeneration by coordinating the interaction between muscle stem cells and macrophages. At present, the mechanism of whether FAP cells can regulate macrophages to affect skeletal muscle regeneration remains unclear. By isolation of mouse skeletal muscle FAP cells damaged by CTX for 10 days and gathered exosomes from them called FAPD10-exos, and using the exosomes to induce macrophages in vitro, we found that they expressed high levels of M2-type factors.In summary, we believe that FAPD10-exos can promote the polarization of macrophages towards M2 phenotype by secreting exosomes, and participate in and promote the regulation and regulation of skeletal muscle regeneration to enter the stage of damage repair in the early stage of regeneration.
Project description:Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is used to treat musculoskeletal diseases, such as rotator cuff tears, and has been proven to attenuate fatty infiltration in muscle injury; however, the effective components are still unclear. Furthermore, PRP is currently strictly used by donors in themselves, and it is unknown whether and how the heterogeneity of donors, especially aging, would change the composition of PRP and impact the therapeutic effects. In this study, we found that young donor-derived exosomes, but not those from old people, were critical components in PRP that regulate fatty infiltration in muscle injury by directly inhibiting adipogenesis of muscle-resident FAPs. The characteristics of young donor-derived PRP exosomes were quite different from those of old donor-derived PRP exosomes. Mechanistically, we demonstrated that two components of miRNA cargo, hsa-let-7f-5p and hsa-miR-16-5p, played an essential role in regulating adipogenesis of FAPs and fatty infiltration by targeting TGFBR3.
Project description:To further explore the specific expressed miRNA in healthy and inflammatory periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs)-derived exosomes, we extracted their exosomal RNA for miRNA microarray assay.
Project description:We hypothesized that miRNAs in the bone maroow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSC)-derived exosomes contributed to the phenotype change of breast cancer cells through exosome transfer. We analyzed the miRNA expression signature in BM-MSC-derived exosomes. We compared the miRNA expression levels in exosomes between BM-MSCs and adult fibroblasts (as a control). In this study, miRNA expression including in bone-marrow mesenchymal cell (BM-MSC)-derived exosomes was examined, and compared with that of exosomes derived from adult fibroblast cells or the BM-MSC cells. In addition, miRNA expression of BM-MSC exosomes was also compared with that of breast cancer cells with or without cancer stem cell marker.
Project description:Kashin-Beck disease (KBD) is an endemic, chronic degenerative joint disease in China. Exosomes miRNAs, as signaling molecules in intercellular communication, can transfer specific biological martials into target cell to regulate the their function and might participate in the pathogenesis of KBD. We isolated serum and chondrocytes-derived exosomes, miRNA sequencing revealed exosomes miRNA profiles and differentially expressed miRNAs (DE-miRNAs) were identified. The target genes were predicted of known and novel DE-miRNAs with TargetScan 5.0 and miRanda 3.3a database. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) was performed to identify chondrocyte clusters and their gene signatures in KBD. And we performed comparative analysis between the serum and chondrocytes-derived exosomes DE-miRNA target genes and differentially expressed genes of each cell clusters.A total of 20 DE-miRNAs were identified in serum-derived exosomes. In the miRNA expression of chondrocytes-derived exosomes, 53 DE-miRNAs were identified. 16063 predicted targets were identified as the target genes in the serum-derived exosomes, 57316 predicted targets were identified as the target genes in the chondrocytes-derived exosomes. Seven clusters were labelled by cell type according to the expression of previously described markers. 315 common genes were found among serum/chondrocytes-derived exosomes DE-miRNA target genes and DEGs identified by scRNA-seq analysis. We firstly integratly analyzed the serum and chondrocytes exosomes miRNA with single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data of KBD chondrocyte, the results showed that DE-miRNAs in exosomes might play a potential role in regulating genes expression in different KBD chondrocytes clusters by exosomes mediating cell-cell communications functions, which could improve the new diagnosis and treatment methods for KBD.
Project description:APP misexpression plays a crucial role in triggering a complex pathological cascade, leading to Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The aim of this study is for determine the influence of APP ectopic expression on the miRNA profiles of neuronal exosomes. In study, miRNA sequencing was done using the exosomes derived from N2A (control) and APP-N2A (N2A with APP overexpression).