Project description:Agrobacterium-mediated plant transformation is an extremely complex and evolved process involving genetic determinants of both the bacteria and the host plant cells. However, the mechanism of the determinants remains obscure, especially in some cereal crops such as wheat, which is recalcitrant for Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. In this study, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were analyzed in wheat callus cells co-cultured with Agrobacterium by using RNA sequencing (RNA-seq). Note: All samples in SRA were assigned the same sample accession (SRS417803). This is incorrect as there are different samples, hence “Source Name” was replaced with new values. Comment[ENA_SAMPLE] contains the original SRA sample accessions.
Project description:H. seropedicae is a diazotrophic and endophytic bacterium that associates with economically important grasses promoting plant growth and increasing productivity. To identify genes related to bacterial ability to colonize and promote plant growth wheat seedlings growing hydroponically in Hoaglandâs medium were inoculated with H. seropedicae the bacteria and incubated for 3 days. mRNA from the bacteria present in the root surface and in the plant medium were purified, depleted from rRNA and used for RNA-seq profiling. RT-qPCR analyses were conducted to confirm regulation of selected genes. Comparison of RNA profile of bacteria attached to the root and planktonic revealed an extensive metabolic adaptation to the epiphytic life style.
Project description:Small RNAs (21-24 nt) are pivotal regulators of gene expression that guide both transcriptional and post-transcriptional silencing mechanisms in diverse eukaryotes, including most if not all plants. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) and short interfering RNAs (siRNAs) are the two major types, both of which have a demonstrated and important role in plant development, stress responses and pathogen resistance. In this work, we used a deep sequencing approach (Sequencing-By-Synthesis, or SBS) to develop sequence resources of small RNAs from Triticum aestivum tissues (including leaves and spiklets infected with Fusarium and control). The high depth of the resulting datasets enabled us to examine in detail critical small RNA features as size distribution, tissue-specific regulation and sequence conservation between different organs in this species. We also developed database resources and a dedicated website (http://smallrna.udel.edu/) with computational tools for allowing other users to identify new miRNAs or siRNAs involved in specific regulatory pathways, verify the degree of conservation of these sequences in other plant species and map small RNAs on genes or larger regions of the genome under study.
Project description:To better understand the regulatory mechanisms of water stress response in wheat, the transcript profiles in roots of two wheat genotypes, namely, drought tolerant 'Luohan No.2' (LH) and drought susceptible 'Chinese Spring' (CS) under water-stress were comparatively analyzed by using the Affymetrix wheat GeneChip®. A total of 3831 transcripts displayed 2-fold or more expression changes, 1593 transcripts were induced compared with 2238 transcripts were repressed, in LH under water-stress; Relatively fewer transcripts were drought responsive in CS, 1404 transcripts were induced and 1493 were repressed. Comparatively, 569 transcripts were commonly induced and 424 transcripts commonly repressed in LH and CS under water-stress. 689 transcripts (757 probe sets) identified from LH and 537 transcripts (575 probe sets) from CS were annotated and classified into 10 functional categories, and 74 transcripts derived from 80 probe sets displayed the change ratios no less than 16 in LH or CS. Several kinds of candidate genes were differentially expressed between the LH and CS, which could be responsible for the difference in drought tolerance of the two genotypes.
Project description:Humic substances are principal components of soil organic matter. They have ecological importance as they intervene in regulating a large number of chemical and biological processes that occur in natural ecosystems. Their ability to improve plant growth has been well established in diverse plant species and growth conditions, although the mechanism responsible for this biological action is poorly understood. Microarray analysis might give us more information about up or down regulation of different biological processes. Wheat plants have been grown hydroponically and treated with Humic acid. Seeds were germinated in obscurity during 10 days, and grown in nutrient solution during 10 days. Harvests were conducted 24 hours, 72 hours and 30 days after treatment application, in order to study early response or a more sustained effect during time.
Project description:Lysates of protoplasts from the endosperm of developing grains of wheat (Triticum aestivum) were fractionated on density gradients of Nycodenz to give amyloplasts. Enzyme distribution on the gradients suggested that: (i) starch synthase and ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase are confined to the amyloplasts; (ii) pyrophosphate: fructose-6-phosphate 1-phosphotransferase and UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase are confined to the cytosol; (iii) a significant proportion (23-45%) of each glycolytic enzyme, from phosphoglucomutase to pyruvate kinase inclusive, is in the amyloplast. Starch synthase, ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase and each of the glycolytic enzymes showed appreciable latency when assayed in unfractionated lysates of protoplasts. No activity of fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase was found in amyloplasts or in homogenates of endosperm. Antibody to plastidic fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase did not react positively, in an immunoblot analysis, with any protein in extracts of wheat endosperm. It is argued that wheat endosperm lacks significant plastidic fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase and that carbon for starch synthesis does not enter the amyloplast as a C-3 compound but probably as hexose phosphate.
Project description:In present experiment we evaluated the effects of the utrasonication of winter wheat seeds on seedling growth and development. Effect of treatment on the gene transcription and DNA methylation of seedlings were evaluated.
Project description:The amino acid sequence of the ferredoxin of Triticum aestivum (wheat) was determined by using a Beckman 890C sequencer in combination with the dansyl--phenylisothiocyanate method to characterize peptides obtained by tryptic, chymotryptic and thermolytic digestion of CNBr-cleavage fragments. The molecule consists of a single polypeptide chain of 97 residues and has an unblocked N-terminus. It shows considerable similarity to other plant-type ferredoxins.