Project description:The nasopharyngeal microbiota of healthy cattle vs. cattle diagnosed with BRD in a commercial feedlot setting was compared using a high-density 16S rRNA microarray (Phylochip). Nasopharyngeal samples were taken from both groups of animals (n=5) at feedlot entry (day 0) and >60 days later.
Project description:To evaluate how commonly-utilized antimicrobials affect the host transcriptome of commercial beef cattle overtime, we enrolled 105 feedlot beef steers randomly into seven different treatment groups (negative control, tulathromycin, tildipirosin, enrofloxacin, florfenicol, ceftiofur, oxytetracycline) to receive a one-time label dose of a commercial antimicrobial or not (negative control), and collected jugular whole blood into PAXgene RNA blood tubes at six time points: Day 0 (baseline), 3, 7, 14, 21, and 56.
Project description:Residual feed intake (RFI) as a measure of feed efficiency (FE) is an index that can help producers reduce costs by enabling the selection of more efficient and profitable cattle. However, the meat quality of these animals may be negatively impacted due to the lower subcutaneous fat deposition commonly observed in more efficient (low RFI) cattle. Traits such as tenderness, color, and juiciness may be affected by the reduced fat deposition, influencing consumers' purchasing decisions. Although low RFI cattle exhibit better FE in feedlot systems, few studies have described the molecular mechanisms regulating meat quality traits in these animals. Therefore, the objective of this project is to compare low RFI (efficient) and high RFI (inefficient) cattle finished in feedlots and to evaluate their meat quality in both physicochemical and molecular contexts. Comparing efficient and inefficient feedlot-finished cattle in terms of meat quality traits and identifying associations with the proteome of muscle tissue may contribute to a better understanding of the metabolic pathways that influence economically important characteristics in these animals.
Project description:A phylogenetic microarray targeting 66 families described in the human gut microbiota has been developped aud used to monitor the gut microbiota's structure and diversity. The microarray format provided by Agilent and used in this study is 8x15K. A study with a total of 4 chips was realized. Arrays 1 and 2: Hybridization with 100ng of labelled 16S rRNA gene amplicons from a mock community sample and 250ng of labelled 16S rRNA gene amplicons from 1 faecal sample. Each Agilent-030618 array probe (4441) was synthetized in three replicates. Arrays 3 and 4: Hybridization with 250ng of labelled 16S rRNA gene amplicons from 2 faecal samples. Each Agilent-40558 array probe (4441) was synthetized in three replicates.
Project description:We profiled blood transcriptomics of 24 beef steers at three important stages (Entry: on arrival at the feedlot; Pulled: when sickness is identified; and Close-out: recovered, healthy cattle at shipping to slaughter) to reveal the key biological functions and regulatory factors of BRD and identify gene markers of BRD for early diagnosis and potentially use in selection.
Project description:To explore the effects of gut microbiota of young (8 weeks) or old mice (18～20 months) on stroke, feces of young (Y1-Y9) and old mice (O6-O16) were collected and analyzed by 16s rRNA sequencing. Then stroke model was established on young mouse receive feces from old mouse (DOT1-15) and young mouse receive feces from young mouse (DYT1-15). 16s rRNA sequencing were also performed for those young mice received feces from young and old mice.
Project description:Purpose: The aims of this study were to profile miRNAs throughout the GIT during the early life of dairy calves and to investigate their potential regulatory roles in the development of bovine GIT. Results: The expression of miR-143 was abundant in all three gut regions and under all the time points and it targets genes involved primarily in the proliferation of connective tissue cells and muscle cells, suggesting its association with rapid tissue development during the early life of calves. The expression of miR-10, miR-146, miR-191, miR-33, miR-7, miR-96, miR-99/100, miR-486, miR-145, and miR-211 displayed significant temporal differences (FDR < 0.05), while miR-192/215, miR-194, miR-196,miR-205 and miR-31 revealed significant regional differences (FDR<0.05) throughout the GIT. Expression levels of miR-15/16, miR-29 and miR-196 were positively correlated with copy numbers of 16S rRNA gene of Bifidobacterium or Lactobacillus species or both of them (P < 0.05). Functional analysis using Ingenuity Pathway Analysis identified above mentioned differentially expressed miRNAs as potential regulators of gut tissue cells proliferation and differentiation, and bacterial density-associated miRNAs as modulators of development of lymphoid tissues (miR-196), maturation of dendritic cells (miR-29) and development of immune cells (miR-15/16). Conclusion: This present study revealed temporal and regional changes in miRNA expression, correlation between miRNA expression and microbial population during early life suggest their potential roles in host-microbial interactions during the gut development.
