Drought inhibits thermomorphogenesis via salicylic acid-mediated suppression of ELF3 phase separation
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PROVIDER: PRJNA1215319 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:Plants are constantly exposed to environmental changes and must respond carefully to ensure survival and growth. Under high temperatures, many plants exhibit a series of morphological and developmental adjustments, including increased hypocotyl and petiole elongation. These adaptations, collectively termed thermomorphogenesis, promote transpiration and water loss, thereby enhancing evaporative cooling. However, this phenomenon has primarily been described under well-watered conditions, whereas in nature, heat often coincides with other environmental challenges, such as drought. How thermomorphogenesis integrates with water shortage conditions, where excess water loss can be detrimental, remains unclear. Here, we demonstrate that restricting water availability and mimicking drought stress with mannitol inhibit thermomorphogenesis. Mechanistically, mannitol treatment reduces high temperature-induced transcriptional activation of PHYTOCHROME INTERACTING FACTOR4 (PIF4), a central regulator of thermomorphogenesis . This suppression is contributed by the enhanced production of plant phytohormone salicylic acid (SA), which disrupts phase separation and prevents the deactivation of EARLY FLOWERING 3 (ELF3), a repressor of PIF4, at high temperatures, thereby inhibiting PIF4 activation. Our study highlights the trade-off between cooling at high temperatures and minimizing excessive water loss under water-limited conditions, providing insights into plant responses to complex environmental challenges.
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2020-08-27 | GSE148107 | GEO
Project description:Temperature is a major environmental variable governing plant growth and development. ELF3 contains a polyglutamine (polyQ) repeat 8–10, embedded within a predicted prion domain (PrD). We find the length of the polyQ repeat correlates with thermal responsiveness. Plants from hotter climates appear to have lost the PrD domain, and these versions of ELF3 are stable at high temperature and lack thermal responsiveness. ELF3 temperature sensitivity is also modulated by the levels of ELF4, indicating that ELF4 can stabilise ELF3 function. This RNA-Seq dataset provides evidence for the hypothetical ELF3 function of temperature sensing .
2020-06-21 | GSE137264 | GEO
Project description:Plants regulate their time to flowering by gathering information from the environment. Photoperiod and temperature are among the most important environmental variables. Suboptimal, but not near-freezing, temperatures regulate flowering through the thermosensory pathway, which overlaps with the autonomous pathway. Here we show that ambient temperature regulates flowering by two genetically distinguishable pathways, one that requires TFL1 and another that requires ELF3. The delay in flowering time observed at lower temperatures was partially suppressed in single elf3 and tfl1 mutants, whereas double elf3 tfl1 mutants were insensitive to temperature. tfl1 mutations abolished the temperature response in cryptochrome mutants that are deficient in photoperiod perception, but not in phyB mutants that have a constitutive photoperiodic response. Contrary to tfl1, elf3 mutations were able to suppress the temperature response in phyB mutants, but not in cryptochrome mutants. The gene expression profile revealed that the tfl1 and elf3 effects are due to the activation of different sets of genes and identified CCA1 and SOC1/AGL20 as being important cross talk points. Finally, genome-wide gene expression analysis strongly suggests a general and complementary role for ELF3 and TFL1 in temperature signalling. Three genotypes, WT (Columbia), elf3-7 and tfl1-1 mutants. Three biological replicates for each condition (genotype X temperature combination). RNA prepared independently for each sample.
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Project description:Our data showed that ELF3-AS1 was a nuclear lncRNA, and its biofunction in cancers is largely unknown to date. To explore the function of lncRNA ELF3-AS1 in gastric cancer, loss-of-function study was performed in SGC7901 and AGS cell lines. RNA sequencing studies showed that the expression of almost all the histone coding genes were significantly increased after knocking down of ELF3-AS1 in SGC7901 and AGS cell lines.
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Project description:Gene function in cancer is often cell type-specific. The epithelial cell-specific transcription factor ELF3 is a documented tumour suppressor in many epithelial tumours yet displays oncogenic properties in others. Here, we show that ELF3 is an oncogene in the adenocarcinoma subtype of lung cancer (LUAD), providing genetic, functional, and clinical evidence of subtype specificity. We discover a region of focal amplification at chromosome 1q32.1 encompassing the ELF3 locus in LUAD which is absent in the squamous subtype. Gene dosage and promoter hypomethylation affect the locus in up to 80% of LUAD analysed. ELF3 expression was required for tumour growth and a pan-cancer expression network analysis supports its subtype and tissue specificity. We further show that ELF3 displays strong prognostic value in LUAD but not LUSC. We conclude that, contrary to many other tumours of epithelial origin, ELF3 is an oncogene and putative therapeutic target in LUAD.
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Project description:In this study, we used miRNA sequencing to analyze and identify possible miRNAs that can be regulated by and ELF3-AS1 in gastric cancer. The results showed that lncRNA ELF3-AS1 knockdown decreased the expression of miR-33a/b and miR-203a. Due to miR-33a/b and miR-203a were able to target SNAI2 expression, and ELF3-AS1 knockdown significantly upregulates SNAI2 expression, we speculated ELF3-AS1 may negatively regulate SNAI2 expression through positively regulating the expression of miR-33a/b and miR-203a in GC.
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Project description:Plants coordinate their growth and developmental programs with various endogenous signals and environmental challenges such as seasonal and diurnal temperature fluctuations. The bHLH transcription factor PIF4 plays critical roles in thermoresponsive hypocotyl growth in Arabidopsis, and the evening complex component ELF3 negatively regulates PIF4's activity for downstream gene expression and hypocotyl elongation at elevated temperature. However, how warm temperature signal is transmitted to ELF3 is not known. Here, we report the identification of two B-Box protein BBX18/BBX23 as new regulators of thermomorphogenesis in Arabidopsis. Mutations of BBX18/BBX23 confer reduced thermoresponsive hypocotyl elongation. Overexpression of BBX18 enhances the sensitivity of hypocotyl growth to elevated temperature, which is dependent on the function of PIF4 and RING E3 ligase COP1, respectively. Both BBX18 and BBX23 interact with ELF3 or COP1, relegating the protein abundance of ELF3 at warm temperature. Further, the expression of multiple thermoresponsive genes is impaired in both the PIF4 single mutant and BBX18/BBX23 double mutant. In addition, both the transcription and protein levels of BBX18/BBX23 are up-regulated by elevated ambient temperature. Thus, our findings reveal the important roles of B-Box proteins in plant thermomorphogenesis, and build a new connection from warm temperature information to ELF3 and its downstream signaling components.
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Project description:An immortalized normal epithelial cell line of common bile duct origin (HBDEC2 cells) was established. An ELF3 gene knockdown clone was obtained using microRNA-155-based conditional RNA interference targeting the human ELF3 gene (5′-AGGTTCTGCTGGATCAGCT-3′) and EGFPmiR, targeting EGFP as a control (EGFP-miR; 5′-ACAAGCTGGTACAACTACA-3′).
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