A temporally resolved BMP4 response in the peri-implantation human embryonic disc is critical for the induction of multipotent TFAP2A + cells and EMT
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA1217343 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
Similar Datasets
Project description:The unilaminar embryonic disc, a sheet of epithelized SOX2+ epiblast cells, undergoes complex morphogenesis to create a multi-dimensional human gastrula. This process endows early lineage specification and spatial identities that begin at the posterior end of the disc to create a coordinate system for embryogenesis. Here, we find that simply adding basement membrane extracts (BMEs) to the stem cell media is sufficient to model the early peri-gastrulating embryonic disc. We demonstrate that the emergence of amnion, primordial germ cells (PGCs), and mesoderm arise from BMP4-responsive disc cells that induce transient TFAP2A expression and SOX2 repression. We track the order of embryonic events that take place during disc morphogenesis and show that amnion-like cells (AMLCs) and PGC-like cells (PGCLCs) are specified first from epithelized TFAP2A+ progenitors. Shortly after, gastrulating mesoderm-like cells (MeLCs) arise from transiently expressed TFAP2A+ disc cells that then undergo EMT. We find that BMP4-responsiveness is critical to SOX2 repression, TFAP2A expression, lineage induction and EMT, while the process of EMT itself is not. Thus, we show that the extracellular matrix is necessary to promote disc morphogenesis and EMT.
2025-07-30 | GSE288389 | GEO
Project description:To elucidate the molecular basis of BMP4-induced differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) toward progeny with trophectoderm characteristics, we produced transcriptome, epigenome H3K4me3, H3K27me3, and CpG methylation maps of trophoblast progenitors, purified using the surface marker APA. We combined them with the temporally resolved transcriptome of the preprogenitor phase and of single APA+ cells. This revealed a circuit of bivalent TFAP2A, TFAP2C, GATA2, and GATA3 transcription factors, coined collectively the “trophectoderm four” (TEtra), which are also present in human trophectoderm in vivo. At the onset of differentiation, the TEtra factors occupy multiple sites in epigenetically inactive placental genes and in OCT4. Functional manipulation of GATA3 and TFAP2A indicated that they directly couple trophoblast-specific gene induction with suppression of pluripotency. In accordance, knocking down GATA3 in primate embryos resulted in a failure to form trophectoderm. The discovery of the TEtra circuit indicates how trophectoderm commitment is regulated in human embryogenesis.
2017-10-26 | GSE105022 | GEO
Project description:Hypoxia can be established under pathological conditions, such as cancer, due to the imbalance between oxygen supply and consumption. Hypoxia Inducible Transcription Factor HIF-1 mediates the physiological response to hypoxia but also regulates multiple steps of carcinogenesis. Despite its well-defined oxygen-dependent activation, many aspects of HIF-1 transcriptional activity as well as interaction with chromatin remain elusive. We have recently shown that TFAP2A physically interacts with HIF-1 and hypoxia-dependent deSUMOylation of TFAP2A positively affects HIF-1 activity. We now present ChIP-seq analysis showing that TFAP2A resides together with HIF-1α on the promoters of a subset of hypoxia-regulated genes, the mRNA expression of which is downregulated by silencing of TFAP2A. Interestingly, CRISPR-mediated knockdown of TFAP2A expression under hypoxia decreased the occupancy of HIF-1α on these promoters and affected chromatin accessibility. Mechanistically, we reveal that the Ku70/Ku80 protein complex interacts with TFAP2A in a SUMO-dependent manner under hypoxia and participates in HIF-dependent gene expression. Moreover, using stable expression of TFAP2A forms that either lack or constitutively carry a SUMO modification, we could show that SUMOylation affects binding of TFAP2A to chromatin. Overall, our data suggest that TFAP2A is an important co-regulator of the HIF-1-dependent transcriptional response to hypoxia and SUMOylation fine-tunes this regulation. As both TFAP2A and HIF-1 play critical roles in cancer progression, a detailed characterization of their crosstalk could lead to novel therapeutic strategies for targeting and killing cancer cells in hypoxic tumors.
2025-05-23 | PXD053747 | Pride
Project description:Human embryonic stem cells (hESC) can be differentiated into progenitors resembling trophoblast upon exposure to BMP4. Among the earliest transcription factors that are activated after the BMP4 stimulation are GATA2, GATA3, TFAP2A and TFAP2C. Using trophoblast progenitors at day 3 of BMP4-induced differentiation, here we profile the chromatin binding landscape of these 4 early transcription factors to analyse their putative targets and cross-connectivity in regualtion of trophoblast commitment.
2017-10-18 | GSE105081 | GEO
Project description:Neo/null loss of Tfap2a in E10.5 mouse facial prominences triplicate run comparing tissue dissected from the nasal, maxillary and mandibular comparing AP-2 mutant and control embryos
2014-08-05 | E-GEOD-60058 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Endoglin is a membrane glycoprotein primarily expressed by the vascular endothelium and involved in cardiovascular diseases. Upon the proteolytic processing of the membrane-bound protein, a circulating form of endoglin (soluble endoglin, sEng) can be released, and high levels of sEng have been observed in several endothelial-related pathological conditions, where it appears to contribute to endothelial dysfunction. Preeclampsia is a multisystem disorder of high prevalence in pregnant women characterized by the onset of high blood pressure and often associated with increased levels of sEng. Although a pathogenic role for sEng involving hypertension has been reported in several animal models of preeclampsia, the exact molecular mechanisms implicated remain to be identified. To search for sEng-induced mediators, we have analyzed the protein secretome of human endothelial cells in the presence of sEng. We find that sEng induces the expression of BMP4 in endothelial cells, as evidenced by their proteomic signature, gene transcript levels and BMP4 promoter activity. A mouse model of preeclampsia with high sEng plasma levels (sEng+) showed increased levels of BMP4 transcripts in lungs and increased circulating BMP4, compared to those of control animals. In addition, after crossing female wild type with male sEng+ mice, hypertension appears 18 days after mating, precisely coinciding with the appearance of high plasma levels of BMP4. Also, serum levels of sEng and BMP4 are positively correlated in pregnant women with and without preeclampsia. Interestingly, sEng-induced arterial pressure elevation in sEng+ mice was abolished in the presence of the BMP4 inhibitor noggin, suggesting that BMP4 is a downstream mediator of sEng. These results provide a better understanding on the role of sEng in the pathobiology of preeclampsia and other cardiovascular diseases, where sEng levels are increased.
2020-04-23 | PXD016228 | Pride
Project description:Damage to the gene regulatory network governing terminal differentiation of melanocytes leads to pigmentation phenotypes and increases the risk for melanoma. Microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) directly activates expression of melanocyte differentiation effectors, and levels of MITF have been proposed to govern the melanoma phenotype. Mutations in the gene encoding Transcription Factor Activator Protein 2 alpha (TFAP2A) cause reduced pigmentation in model organisms and premature hair graying in humans, and TFAP2A expression tends to be lower in advanced melanoma tumors than in benign nevi. However, the transcriptional targets of TFAP2A in melanocytes, and the epistatic relationship of TFAP2A and MITF, have been unclear. Using microarray-based analysis of zebrafish tfap2a mutant embryos, we generated a profile of genes whose expression is Tfap2a-dependent. We conducted anti-TFAP2A chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by next-generation sequencing (ChIP-seq) in immortalized mouse melanocytes and human primary melanocytes, and discovered that TFAP2A peaks are present near the promoters of Tfap2a-dependent genes expressed in melanocytes, and also at the majority of enhancers active in melanocytes. Comparison of TFAP2A ChIP-seq data to published MITF ChIP-seq data showed that the set of genes with promoters bound by both MITF and TFAP2A is enriched for the gene ontology term “pigment cell differentiation.” Deletion analysis of one such co-bound promoter, for Transient Receptor Potential Melastatin-like 1(TRPM1), confirmed that its expression depends on the presence of MITF binding sites as previously shown, but also depends on the presence of TFAP2A binding sites. Finally, we find that mitfa and tfap2a interact genetically in zebrafish. Collectively, these results show that TFAP2A, operating in parallel with MITF, directly regulates effectors of terminal differentiation in melanocytes and melanoma.
2017-02-17 | GSE72953 | GEO
Project description:Mutations in the gene encoding transcription factor TFAP2A result in pigmentation anomalies in model organisms and premature hair graying in humans. However, the pleiotropic functions of TFAP2A and its redundantly-acting paralogs have made the precise contribution of TFAP2-type activity to melanocyte differentiation unclear. Defining this contribution may help to explain why TFAP2A expression is reduced in advanced-stage melanoma compared to benign nevi. To identify genes with TFAP2A-dependent expression in melanocytes, we profile zebrafish tissue and mouse melanocytes deficient in Tfap2a, and find that expression of a small subset of genes underlying pigmentation phenotypes is TFAP2A-dependent, including Dct, Mc1r, Mlph, and Pmel. We then conduct TFAP2A ChIP-seq in mouse and human melanocytes and find that a much larger subset of pigmentation genes is associated with active regulatory elements bound by TFAP2A. These elements are also frequently bound by MITF, which is considered the “master regulator” of melanocyte development. For example, the promoter of TRPM1 is bound by both TFAP2A and MITF, and we show that the activity of a minimal TRPM1 promoter is lost upon deletion of the TFAP2A binding sites. However, the expression of Trpm1 is not TFAP2A-dependent, implying that additional TFAP2 paralogs function redundantly to drive melanocyte differentiation, which is consistent with previous results from zebrafish. Paralogs Tfap2a and Tfap2b are both expressed in mouse melanocytes, and we show that mouse embryos with Wnt1-Cre-mediated deletion of Tfap2a and Tfap2b in the neural crest almost completely lack melanocytes but retain neural crest-derived sensory ganglia. These results suggest that TFAP2 paralogs, like MITF, are also necessary for induction of the melanocyte lineage. Finally, we observe a genetic interaction between tfap2a and mitfa in zebrafish, but find that artificially elevating expression of tfap2a does not increase levels of melanin in mitfa hypomorphic or loss-of-function mutants. Collectively, these results show that TFAP2 paralogs, operating alongside lineage-specific transcription factors such as MITF, directly regulate effectors of terminal differentiation in melanocytes. In addition, they suggest that TFAP2A activity, like MITF activity, has the potential to modulate the phenotype of melanoma cells.
2017-02-23 | GSE67555 | GEO
Project description:Neo/null loss of Tfap2a in E10.5 mouse facial prominences
2014-08-05 | GSE60058 | GEO
Project description:Chromatin Regulation by TFAP2A
| PRJNA695515 | ENA