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Jamaican fruit bats’ (Artibeus jamaicensis) competence for Ebola virus but not Marburg virus is driven by intrinsic differences in viral entry and IFN-I signaling antagonism

ABSTRACT: Jamaican fruit bats’ (Artibeus jamaicensis) competence for Ebola virus but not Marburg virus is driven by intrinsic differences in viral entry and IFN-I signaling antagonism

PROVIDER: PRJNA1219753 | ENA |

REPOSITORIES: ENA

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			Action	DRS
	SRR32247841_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR32247841_2.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR32247842_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR32247842_2.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR32247843_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz

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Jamaican fruit bats’ (Artibeus jamaicensis) competence for Ebola virus but not Marburg virus is driven by intrinsic differences in viral entry and IFN-I signaling antagonism

Project description:Ebola virus (EBOV) and Marburg virus (MARV) are zoonotic filoviruses that cause hemorrhagic fever in humans. Bat species in both Chiropteran suborders host filoviruses, suggesting that bats may have coevolved with this viral family. Correlative data implicate bats as natural EBOV hosts, but neither a full-length genome nor an EBOV isolate has been found in any bats sampled. Here, we modelled filovirus infection in the Jamaican fruit bat (JFB), Artibeus jamaicensis. Bats were inoculated with either EBOV or MARV through a combination of oral, intranasal, and subcutaneous routes. EBOV-infected bats supported systemic virus replication and shed infectious virus orally. In contrast, MARV replicated only transiently and was not shed. In vitro, JFB cells replicate EBOV more efficiently than MARV, and MARV infection induced innate antiviral responses that EBOV efficiently suppressed. Experiments using VSV pseudoparticles or replicating VSV expressing the EBOV or MARV glycoprotein demonstrated an advantage for EBOV entry and replication early, respectively, in JFB cells. Overall, this study describes filovirus species-specific phenotypes for both JFB and their cells.

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Transcriptome Profiling of a Pathogenic Response to a Viral Infection in Jamaican Fruit Bats Artibeus jamaicensis Experimentally Infected With Tacaribe Virus

Project description:Bats are a widespread group of mammals thought to host a variety of viruses and other disease agents. Here we performed RNA-sequencing on Artibeus jamaicensis infected with the New World arenavirus, Tacaribe Virus, to generate an extensive bat transcriptome.

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Cell restriction factors, and not receptor compatibility, block Jamaican fruit bat (Artibeus jamaicensis) susceptibility to mucosal inoculation with SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant.

Project description:The ancestral sarbecovirus giving rise to SARS-CoV-2 is posited to have originated in bats. While SARS-CoV-2 causes asymptomatic to severe respiratory disease in humans, little is known about the biology, virus tropism, and immunity of SARS-CoV-2-like sarbecoviruses in bats. SARS-CoV-2 has been shown to infect multiple mammalian species, including various rodent species, non-human primates, and Egyptian fruit bats. Here, we investigate the Jamaican fruit bat (Artibeus jamaicensis) as a possible model species to study reservoir responses. SARS-CoV-2 can utilize Jamaican fruit bat ACE2 spike for entry in vitro. However, we find that SARS-CoV-2 Delta does not efficiently replicate in Jamaican fruit bats in vivo. We observe infectious virus in the lungs of only one animal on day 1 post inoculation and find no evidence for shedding or seroconversion. This is possibly due to host factors restricting virus egress after aborted replication. Furthermore, we observe no significant immune gene expression changes in the respiratory tract but do observe changes in the intestinal metabolome after inoculation. This suggests that, despite its broad host-range, SARS-CoV-2 is unable to infect all bat species and Jamaican fruit bats are not an appropriate model to study SARS-CoV-2 reservoir infection.

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Project description:Transcriptome Profiling of a Pathogenic Response to a Viral Infection in Jamaican Fruit Bats Artibeus jamaicensis Experimentally Infected With Tacaribe Virus

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Deciphering bat influenza H18N11 infection dynamics in Jamaican fruit bats on a single cell level

Project description:Jamaican fruit bats (Artibeus jamaicensis) naturally harbor a wide range of viruses of human relevance. These infections are typically mild in bats, suggesting unique features of their immune system. To better understand the immune response to viral infections in bats, we infected Jamaican fruit bats with the bat-derived influenza A virus H18N11. Using comparative single-cell RNA sequencing, we generated a single-cell atlas of the Jamaican fruit bat intestine and mesentery, the target organs of infection. Gene expression profiling showed that H18N11 infection resulted in a moderate induction of interferon-stimulated genes and transcriptional activation of immune cells. H18N11 infection was prominent in various leukocytes, including macrophages, B cells, and NK/T cells. Confirming these findings, human leukocytes, particularly macrophages, were also susceptible to H18N11, highlighting the zoonotic potential of this virus. Our study provides insight into the virus-host relationship and thus serves as a fundamental resource for further characterization of bat immunology.

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