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Project description:Background: The halophyte Mesembryanthemum crystallinum (ice plant) is a model for studying salt tolerance. The morphology, physiology, metabolism, and gene expression of ice plant have been studied for over 40 years. Although the complete genome sequence has not been revealed, large-scale analyses of gene expression profiling have drawn an outline of salt tolerance in ice plant. Despite ample information in the transcriptome, miRNA information has not been documented. Results: We examined responses to a sudden increase in salinity in ice plant seedlings. Using a fluorescent dye to detect Na+, we found that ice plant roots respond to an increased flux of Na+ by either secreting or storing Na+ in specialized cells. High-throughput sequencing was used to identify small RNA profiles in three-day-old seedlings treated with or without 200 mM NaCl. Totally 132 conserved miRNAs belonging to 22 families were found. The hairpin precursor of 19 conserved mcr-miRNAs and 12 novel mcr-miRNAs were identified. Target genes are involved in a broad range of biological processes: transcription factors that regulate growth and development, enzymes that catalyze miRNA biogenesis for the most conserved mcr-miRNA, and proteins that are involved in ion homeostasis and drought-stress responses for some novel mcr-miRNAs. After 6 h of salt stress, the expressions of most mcr-miRNAs were down-regulated, whereas the expressions of their corresponding target genes were up-regulated. Analyses of the functions of target genes revealed that cellular processes, including growth and development, metabolism, and ion transport activity were up-regulated in roots under salt stress. Conclusions: Analyses of small RNA profile of ice plant seedlings identified many conserved miRNA families and several novel miRNAs. The expression of ten conserved miRNAs and three novel miRNAs were reciprocally correlated to predicted targets hourly after salt stress. Based on the expression pattern of miRNA and target genes in combination with the observation of Na+ distribution, we suggest that ice plant roots respond effectively to increased salinity by using Na+ as an osmoticum for cell expansion and guard cell opening. Excessive Na+ could either be secreted through root epidermis or stored in specialized leaf epidermal cells. These responses are partially regulated at the miRNA-mediated post-transcriptional level.
2016-12-31 | GSE83508 | GEO
Project description:Arctic sea-ice and sub-ice seawater raw sequence reads
| PRJNA321190 | ENA
Project description:Sea ice and under-ice water 16S rRNA Raw sequence reads
| PRJNA275309 | ENA
Project description:<p>Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is one of the most urgent challenges in public health, and the horizontal transfer of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) mediated by mobile genetic elements (MGEs) drives its widespread global dissemination. Although integrative conjugative elements (ICEs) outnumber conjugative plasmids, research on ICE-mediated horizontal gene transfer (HGT) remains largely lacking, especially concerning SXT ICEs, which are highly prevalent, pose significant risks, and are directly related to human health. Cyromazine is a widely used feed additive, with high detection rates in the feces of farmed animals and related environments. It has also been shown to increase the abundance of ARGs, and the potential driving mechanisms urgently require further exploration. Thus, we investigated the impact of cyromazine on SXT ICE-mediated ARGs transfer and elucidated its underlying mechanisms. Our study demonstrates that cyromazine promotes SXT ICE conjugative transfer both intra- and inter-species. This facilitating effect confirmed in mouse intraperitoneal and intestinal conjugation models. The potential mechanisms include cyromazine-induced ROS accumulation and triggering of the SOS response, which could promote SXT ICE excision and activate conjugation-related operons. Furthermore, enhanced energy metabolism and altered lipid metabolism further facilitate SXT ICE transfer. Collectively, our study partially fills the gap in understanding ICE-mediated AMR transmission dynamics, and highlighting that the exacerbated AMR crisis is associated with cyromazine-stimulated high-frequency SXT ICE conjugation in vitro and in vivo.</p>
2025-10-15 | MTBLS13146 | MetaboLights
Project description:Greenland Ice Core Raw sequence reads
| PRJNA418496 | ENA
Project description:Lake Erie Ice Metagenome Raw sequence reads
| PRJNA966190 | ENA