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Hepatitis C virus NS3 helicase contributes to (-) strand RNA synthesis

ABSTRACT: Hepatitis C virus NS3 helicase contributes to (-) strand RNA synthesis

PROVIDER: PRJNA1238333 | ENA |

REPOSITORIES: ENA

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Hepatitis C virus NS3 helicase contributes to (-) strand RNA synthesis

Project description:Many positive strand RNA viruses encode helicases, but their distinct functions in viral replication cycles is poorly understood. Here, we identify a mutation in the helicase domain of HCV non-structural protein 3 (NS3h), D1467G, which specifically affects (-) strand synthesis, phenocopying mutations in the 3' untranslated region of the genome. D1467G does not impair helicase activity in vitro or the binding of NS3h to critical cis-acting RNA elements, but reduces the interaction of NS3h and NS5B polymerase, potentially contributing to defective (-) strand synthesis. AlphaFold predictions of complexes between NS3h, RNA and/or NS5B suggest that NS3h both remodels the cis-acting RNA elements and unwinds the terminal stem-loop of the HCV genome rendering the template accessible for de novo initiation of (-) strand synthesis by NS5B. Overall, our study provides evidence for a defined function of a viral helicase in (-) strand genome synthesis of a positive strand RNA virus.

2025-08-11 | GSE292413 | GEO

Hepatitis C virus NS3 helicase contributes to (-) strand RNA synthesis.

Project description: Not available

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DNA polymerase η contributes to lagging strand synthesis

Project description:DNA polymerase eta (pol eta) is best known for its ability to bypass UV-induced thymine-thymine (T-T) dimers and other bulky DNA lesions, but pol eta also has other cellular roles. Here, we present evidence that pol eta competes with DNA polymerases alpha and delta for the synthesis of the lagging strand genome-wide, where it also shows a preference for T-T in the DNA template. Moreover, we found that the C-terminus of pol eta which contains a PCNA-Interacting Protein motif is required for pol eta to function in lagging strand synthesis. Finally, we provide evidence that a pol η dependent signature is also found to be lagging strand specific in patients with skin cancer. Taken together, these findings provide insight into the physiological role of DNA synthesis by pol eta and have implications for our understanding of how our genome is replicated to avoid mutagenesis, genome instability and cancer.

2018-12-14 | GSE110241 | GEO

Rad53 checkpoint kinase couples leading and lagging strand DNA synthesis

Project description:In response to DNA replication stress, DNA replication checkpoint is activated to maintain fork stability, a process critical for maintenance of genome stability. However, how DNA replication checkpoint regulates replication forks remain elusive. Here we show that Rad53, a highly conserved replication checkpoint kinase, functions to couple leading and lagging strand DNA synthesis. In wild type cells under HU induced replication stress, synthesis of lagging strand, which contains ssDNA gaps, is comparable to leading strand DNA. In contrast, synthesis of lagging strand is much more than leading strand, and consequently, leading template ssDNA coated with ssDNA binding protein RPA was detected in rad53-1 mutant cells, suggesting that synthesis of leading strand and lagging strand DNA is uncoupled. Mechanistically, we show that replicative helicase MCM and leading strand DNA polymerase Pole move beyond actual DNA synthesis and that an increase in dNTP pools largely suppresses the uncoupled leading and lagging strand DNA synthesis. Our studies reveal an unexpected mechanism whereby Rad53 regulates replication fork stability.

2018-02-11 | GSE89721 | GEO

DNA polymerase η contributes to lagging strand synthesis

Project description:DNA polymerase η contributes to lagging strand synthesis

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Hepatitis C viral NS3-4A protease activity is enhanced by the NS3 helicase.

Project description: Not available

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