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Project description:Purpose: High γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-producing Levilactobacillus brevis strain NPS-QW 145 along with Streptococcus thermophilus (one of the two starter bacteria used to make yogurt for its proteolytic activity) to enhance GABA production in milk. But a mechanistic understanding on how Levilactobacillus brevis cooperated with S. thermophilus to stimulate GABA production has been lacking. Method: Metatranscriptomic analyses combined with peptidomics were carried out to unravel the casein and lactose utilization patterns during milk fermentation with the co-culture. Results: We found particular peptides hydrolyzed by S. thermophilus 1275 were transported and biodegraded with peptidase in Lb. brevis 145 to meet the growth needs of the latter. In addition, amino acid synthesis and metabolism in Lb. brevis 145 were also activated to further support its growth. Glucose, as a result of lactose hydrolysis by S. thermophilus 1275, but not available lactose in milk, was outcompeted by Lb. brevis 145 as a main carbon source for glycolysis to produce ATP.In the stationary phase, under the acidic condition due to accumulation of lactic acid produced by S. thermophilus 1275, genes expression involved in pyridoxal phosphate (coenzyme of glutamic acid decarboxylase) metabolism and glutamic acid decarboxylase (Gad) in Lb. brevis 145 were induced for GABA production.
2020-09-16 | GSE157976 | GEO
Project description:Microbiota-released extracellular vesicles (MEVs) have emerged as a key player in intercellular signaling. However, their involvement in the gut-brain axis has been poorly investigated. In this study, we aimed to investigate the cargo capacity of MEVs for bioactive metabolites and their interactions with the host. Metabolomics analysis identified various neuro-related compounds encapsulated within the 28 MEVs, such as arachidonyl-dopamine, gabapentin, glutamate, and N-acylethanolamines. 29 Metaproteomics unveiled an enrichment of enzymes involved in neuronal metabolism, primarily in the glutamine/glutamate/GABA pathway. The detected neuro-related proteins and metabolites were correlated with Bacteroides spp. A GABA-producing Bacteroides isolate, B. finegoldii, released EVs with a high GABA content (4 µM) as opposed to a low GABA-producing isolate, Phocaeicola massiliensis. MEVs exhibited a dose-dependent paracellular transport and were endocytosed by Caco-2 and hCMEC/D3 cells. RNA-Seq analyses showed that MEVs stimulate several immune pathways while suppressing cell apoptosis process. The in vivo biodistribution confirmed the presence of MEVs in the brain, liver, stomach, and spleen. Overall, our results highlight the ability of MEVs to cross the intestinal and blood-brain barriers to deliver their cargoes to distant organs, including the brain, where it may modulate the organ functionalities. MEVs could be an integral part of microbiome-host communications, with potential implication for the gut-brain axis.
2024-11-05 | PXD045162 | Pride
Project description:Neuroactive producing bacteria
| PRJNA1248220 | ENA
Project description:Indole is an intercellular and interkingdom signaling molecule, which is widespread in diverse ecological niches. Caenorhabditis elegans is a bacterivorous nematode living in soil and compost environments and a useful model host for the study of host-microbe interactions. While various bacteria and some plants produce a large quantity of extracellular indole, little is known about the effects of indole, its derivatives, and indole-producing bacteria on behaviors in C. elegans and animals. Here, we show that C. elegans senses and moves toward indole and indole-producing bacteria, such as Escherichia coli, Shigella boydii, Providencia stuartii, and Klebsiella oxytoca, while avoids non-indole producing pathogenic bacteria. It was also found that indole-producing bacteria and non-indole-producing bacteria exert divergent effects on egg-laying behavior of C. elegans via indole. In addition, various indole derivatives also modulate chemotaxis, egg-laying behavior, and survival of C. elegans. In contrast, indole at a high concentration to kill C. elegans that has the ability to detoxify indole via oxidation and glucosylation, indicating predator-prey interactions via a double-edged molecule indole. Transcriptional analysis showed that indole markedly up-regulated gene expression of cytochrome P450 family, UDP-glucuronosyltransferase, glutathione S-transferase, which explained well the modification of indole in C. elegans, while down-regulated expression of collagen genes and F-box genes. Our findings suggest that indole and its derivatives are important interkingdom signaling molecules in bacteria-nematode interactions.
2019-08-31 | GSE86312 | GEO