Project description:Purpose: transcriptome sequencing of Conopomorpha sinensis Methods: high-through Illumina HiSeqTM 2000 Results:66017 transcripts,35383 unigenes Conclusions:This study provided valuable transcriptome data for the litchi fruit borer, which was the first fundamental genomic basis for exploiting gene resources from the litchi fruit borer
Project description:Background: Liver cancer is the third deadliest type of cancer, posing a serious threat to human health. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type of primary liver cancer. C. sinensis, classified as a definite group I carcinogen by the IARC (International Agency for Research on Cancer), is an important risk factor for HCC. Although many studies have shown that C. sinensis infection affects the prognosis of HCC patients, the specific mechanisms are still unclear, especially the dynamics and regulatory roles of chromatin accessibility. Results: In this study, we integrated ATAC-seq, RNA-seq, and ChIP-seq data to elucidate changes in the epigenetics of HCC after the C. sinensis infection. Many different accessibility regions (DARs) were identified both in tumors and adjacent tissue after the C. sinensis infection. Meanwhile, top TFs whose motifs were enriched in DAR were found, such as HNF4a, FOXI1, etc. Although there were slight deviations, epigenetic changes were found to be consistent with gene expression levels. We also revealed that H3K9ac, H3K4me2, H3K4me3, H3K27ac, and H3K4me1 were associated with chromatin accessibility. Importantly, we also found potential evidence that C. sinensis infection would alter the spatial structure of the HCC genome. Finally, both molecular experimental results and clinical data certified that C. sinensis infection would promote the metastasis of HCC. Conclusions: C. sinensis infection will remodel the chromatin accessibility of HCC, leading to changes in gene expression levels. This study provides conclusive evidence that C. sinensis infection alters the epigenetics of HCC.
Project description:Our previous studies indicated that long-term B-toxicity was mainly limited to leaves of Citrus species; alternations of cell wall structure in vascular bundles were involved in tolerance to B-toxicity. Here, miRNAs and their expression pattern were first identified from B-treated Citrus sinensis (tolerant) and C. grandis (intolerant) leaves with high-throughput sequencing in order to identify miRNAs that might be involved in tolerance to B-toxicity. Results: 51 (23 conserved and 28 novel) miRNAs in C. grandis and 20 (6 conserved and 14 novel) in C. sinensis were differentially expressed after B-toxic treatment, respectively. Illumina sequencing results were validated by stem-loop qRT-PCR, and 82.5% qRT-PCR data coincided with those from direct sequencing. Among the differentially expressed miRNAs, miR395a and miR397a were the most significantly up-regulated in B-toxic C. grandis leaves, yet both were down-regulated in B-toxic C. sinensis ones. With modified 5’-RACE, four auxin response factor genes were confirmed as the real targets of miR160a, and two laccase (LAC) genes as those of miR397a, respectively. Localization of cell wall polysaccharides indicated that up-regulation of LAC4 resulted in secondary deposition of cell wall polysaccharides in regions near the pits of vessel elements in C. sinensis, and that down-regulation of both LAC17 and LAC4, via up-regulating their negative regulator miR397a, led to poorly developed vessel elements in C. grandis.Our findings demonstrated that miR397a played a pivotal role in woody Citrus tolerance to B-toxicity by targeting LAC17 and LAC4, of which both were responsible for secondary cell wall synthesis.