Threonine Phosphorylation of STAT1 Safeguards Gut Epithelial Integrity and Restricts Interferon-mediated Cytotoxicity [ChIP-seq]
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PROVIDER: PRJNA1263872 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:Threonine Phosphorylation of STAT1 Safeguards Gut Epithelial Integrity and Restricts Interferon-mediated Cytotoxicity [RNA-seq]
| PRJNA1263874 | ENA
Project description:Uncontrolled inflammation drives tissue damage, highlighting the need for tightly regulated immune responses and tissue integrity, particularly in barrier tissues like the intestine. To maintain this exquisite balance, intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) employ molecular circuits that preserve tissue integrity following inflammation. STAT1 is traditionally viewed as a pro-inflammatory driver in the intestine, acting as a central signaling mediator downstream of interferons (IFN). Here, we identify threonine 748 (Thr748) phosphorylation of Stat1 as an evolutionarily conserved adaptation that reciprocally regulates IEC integrity and IFN responsiveness. Mice expressing a phospho-deficient T748A Stat1 mutant exhibit severe pathology similar to Stat1 deficient littermates, underscoring Thr748’s critical role in Stat1-driven protection following intestinal inflammation. Bone marrow transfer experiments further demonstrate that this protective effect is non-hematopoietic. Integrated genomic and transcriptomic analyses reveal that Thr748 phosphorylation modulates Stat1 DNA binding, directly activating the Itgb4 promoter and enhancing integrin β4 expression in IECs following inflamamtion. In vitro intestinal organoid models, combined with gain- and loss-of-function experiments, show that Stat1 promotes integrin β4 expression via Thr748 phosphorylation following damage, boosting epithelial resilience independently of IFN-induced Tyrosine 701 (Tyr701) phosphorylation. In contrast, IFN stimulation triggers Tyr701 phosphorylation of Stat1, upregulating Zbp1—a sensor of cytotoxic damage-associated nucleic acids—while suppressing integrin β4, leading to epithelial cytotoxicity, which is mitigated by Thr748 phosphorylation. Our findings uncover a modular architecture of Stat1 signaling that enables epithelial adaptation to damage, with Thr748 phosphorylation acting as a rheostat to preserve tissue integrity while restricting IFN-mediated cytotoxicity.
2025-07-09 | GSE297456 | GEO
Project description:Uncontrolled inflammation drives tissue damage, highlighting the need for tightly regulated immune responses and tissue integrity, particularly in barrier tissues like the intestine. To maintain this exquisite balance, intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) employ molecular circuits that preserve tissue integrity following inflammation. STAT1 is traditionally viewed as a pro-inflammatory driver in the intestine, acting as a central signaling mediator downstream of interferons (IFN). Here, we identify threonine 748 (Thr748) phosphorylation of Stat1 as an evolutionarily conserved adaptation that reciprocally regulates IEC integrity and IFN responsiveness. Mice expressing a phospho-deficient T748A Stat1 mutant exhibit severe pathology similar to Stat1 deficient littermates, underscoring Thr748’s critical role in Stat1-driven protection following intestinal inflammation. Bone marrow transfer experiments further demonstrate that this protective effect is non-hematopoietic. Integrated genomic and transcriptomic analyses reveal that Thr748 phosphorylation modulates Stat1 DNA binding, directly activating the Itgb4 promoter and enhancing integrin β4 expression in IECs following inflamamtion. In vitro intestinal organoid models, combined with gain- and loss-of-function experiments, show that Stat1 promotes integrin β4 expression via Thr748 phosphorylation following damage, boosting epithelial resilience independently of IFN-induced Tyrosine 701 (Tyr701) phosphorylation. In contrast, IFN stimulation triggers Tyr701 phosphorylation of Stat1, upregulating Zbp1—a sensor of cytotoxic damage-associated nucleic acids—while suppressing integrin β4, leading to epithelial cytotoxicity, which is mitigated by Thr748 phosphorylation. Our findings uncover a modular architecture of Stat1 signaling that enables epithelial adaptation to damage, with Thr748 phosphorylation acting as a rheostat to preserve tissue integrity while restricting IFN-mediated cytotoxicity.
2025-07-09 | GSE297455 | GEO
Project description:Since its discovery over three decades ago, signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) has been extensively studied as a central mediator for interferons (IFNs) signaling and antiviral defense. Here, using genetic and biochemical assays, we unveil Thr748 as a conserved IFN-independent phosphorylation switch in Stat1, which restricts IFN signaling and promotes innate inflammatory responses following the recognition of the bacterial-derived toxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Genetically-engineered mice expressing phospho-deficient threonine748–to-alanine (T748A) mutant Stat1 are resistant to LPS–induced lethality. Of note, T748A mice exhibited undisturbed IFN signaling, as well as total expression of Stat1. Further, the T748A point-mutation of Stat1 recapitulates the safeguard effect of the genetic ablation of Stat1 following LPS-induced lethality, indicating that the Thr748 phosphorylation contributes inflammatory functionalities of Stat1. Mechanistically, LPS-induced Toll-like receptor 4 endocytosis activates a cell-intrinsic IκB kinase (IKK)–mediated Thr748 phosphorylation of Stat1, which promotes macrophages inflammatory response while restricting the IFN and anti-inflammatory responses. Depletion of macrophages restores the sensitivity of the T748A mice to LPS-induced lethality. Together, our study indicates a phosphorylation-dependent functional dichotomy of Stat1 in innate immune responses: IFN phospho-tyrosine dependent, and inflammatory phospho-threonine dependent. Better understanding of the Thr748 phosphorylation of Stat1 may uncover novel pharmacologically targetable molecules and offer better treatment modalities for sepsis, a disease that claims millions of lives annually.
2024-03-18 | GSE261824 | GEO
Project description:Threonine Phosphorylation of STAT1 Restricts Interferon Signaling and Promotes Innate Inflammatory Responses
| PRJNA1089167 | ENA
Project description:STAT1 is an important regulator of NK cell maturation and cytotoxicity. Although the consequences of Stat1-deficiency have been described in detail the underlying molecular functions of STAT1 in NK cells are only partially understood. Here we describe a novel non-canonical role of STAT1 that was unmasked in NK cells expressing Stat1-Y701F. This mutation prevents JAK-dependent phosphorylation, subsequent nuclear translocation and cytokine-induced transcriptional activity. As expected Stat1-Y701F mice displayed impaired NK cell maturation comparable to Stat1-/- animals. In contrast Stat1-Y701F NK cells exerted a significantly enhanced cytotoxicity in vitro and in vivo suggesting a so-far unknown cytoplasmic function. Using immunofluorescence technology we uncovered the recruitment of STAT1 to the immunological synapse during NK cell killing. A Stat1ind mouse expressing FLAG-tagged STAT1α was used to study the STAT1α interactome in NK cells. Mass spectrometry revealed that STAT1 directly binds proteins involved in cell junction formation and proteins associated to membrane or membrane-bound vesicles. We propose a novel function for STAT1 in the immunological synapse of NK cells regulating tumor surveillance and cytotoxicity.
2016-10-07 | PXD002206 | Pride
Project description:Since its discovery over three decades ago, signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) has been extensively studied as a central mediator for interferons (IFNs) signaling and antiviral defense. Here, using genetic and biochemical assays, we unveil Thr748 as a conserved IFN-independent phosphorylation switch in Stat1, which restricts IFN signaling and promotes innate inflammatory responses following the recognition of the bacterial-derived toxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Genetically engineered mice expressing phospho-deficient threonine748-to-alanine (T748A) mutant Stat1 are resistant to LPS-induced lethality. Of note, T748A mice exhibited undisturbed IFN signaling, as well as total expression of Stat1. Further, the T748A point mutation of Stat1 recapitulates the safeguard effect of the genetic ablation of Stat1 following LPS-induced lethality, indicating that the Thr748 phosphorylation contributes inflammatory functionalities of Stat1. Mechanistically, LPS-induced Toll-like receptor 4 endocytosis activates a cell-intrinsic IκB kinase-mediated Thr748 phosphorylation of Stat1, which promotes macrophage inflammatory response while restricting the IFN and anti-inflammatory responses. Depletion of macrophages restores the sensitivity of the T748A mice to LPS-induced lethality. Together, our study indicates a phosphorylation-dependent modular functionality of Stat1 in innate immune responses: IFN phospho-tyrosine dependent and inflammatory phospho-threonine dependent. Better understanding of the Thr748 phosphorylation of Stat1 may uncover advanced pharmacologically targetable molecules and offer better treatment modalities for sepsis, a disease that claims millions of lives annually.
| S-EPMC11046697 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Pancreatic Gene Expression from Wild-Type, Stat1-Transgenic, and Stat1-CC-Transgenic Mice. This data was part of the set of data utilized to identify PARP9/DTX3L as a novel antiviral gene. Keywords: transgene state analysis RNA was extracted from the pancreas of 3 mice per genotype (wild-type, Stat1-Transgenic, Stat1-CC-Transgenic). Comparisons were made between Stat1-Transgenic and Stat1-CC-Transgenic mice.
2015-09-01 | E-GEOD-61414 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and activation of the unfolded protein response (UPR) are hallmarks of pathogen infection. The UPR drives pro-inflammatory responses to ER stress but its role in interferon signaling is unknown. Using metabolomics approaches, we observed that pharmacological ER stress reprogrammed macrophage metabolism to a pro-inflammatory “M1-like” phenotype and enhanced the microbicidal activity of these cells to restrict bacterial infection. Phospho-proteomics analysis showed that this anti-microbial response was mediated via the UPR serine/threonine-protein kinase/endoribonuclease IRE1 (ERN1) and activation of signal transducer and transcription activator 1 (STAT1) required for interferon signaling. We also demonstrated that blockade of IRE1 signaling by the bacterial pathogen Legionella pneumophila inhibited STAT1-mediated immune responses to infection. These findings reveal the potential for ER stress to initiate anti-microbial STAT1 signaling in the absence of other pro-inflammatory stimuli and how this response is inhibited by a bacterial pathogen during infection.
2025-03-31 | GSE287755 | GEO
Project description:This dataset presents ChIP-seq profiles of STAT1 wild-type (STAT1-WT) and lactylation-deficient mutant (STAT1-K193R) in MGC803 gastric cancer cells. The study aims to investigate the impact of STAT1-K193 lactylation on chromatin binding patterns. Comparative analysis of STAT1 occupancy between the two cell lines provides insights into the regulatory roles of STAT1 post-translational modification in gastric cancer progression.
2025-07-21 | GSE300398 | GEO