SGLT2 Inhibition Ameliorates Age-Dependent Renovascular Rarefaction
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ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA1265492 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:Introduction: Aging is associated with progressive loss of renal function and vascular structure, with and without chronic kidney disease. However, the mechanisms driving renal vascular aging and potential therapeutic interventions remain poorly understood. Methods: To model this state-of-affairs, we used African turquoise killifish (Nothobranchius furzeri), a naturally short-lived vertebrate. We then inhibited the sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibition (SGLT2i) to test a potential therapeutic intervention. Histological, immunofluorescent, and 3D vascular imaging were used to evaluate glomerular, tubular, and vascular changes. Single-nuclei transcriptomic profiling was performed on whole kidneys to identify age- and treatment-associated molecular signatures. Results: Aged killifish kidneys exhibited hallmark features of human renal aging, including glomerulosclerosis, tubular fibrosis, and vascular rarefaction. Functional changes included increased proteinuria and altered tubular transporter expression. Transcriptomic profiling revealed a metabolic shift from oxidative phosphorylation to glycolysis and upregulation of pro-inflammatory pathways. Aged vasculature also displayed a marked reduction in tight junctions and cell–cell contacts. Dapagliflozin attenuated age-related vascular rarefaction, preserved functional peritubular capillary networks, and reduced albuminuria by restoring a youthful transcriptional profile and enhancing intercellular signaling. However, fish lifespan was not extended. Conclusion: This study establishes the killifish as a translational model for investigating renal vascular aging. We show that SGLT2i preserves renal microvascular structure and function, reduces proteinuria, and reprograms the aged transcriptome. These results support a vascular-protective role of SGLT2i in mitigating age-related renal deterioration.
2025-07-30 | GSE297623 | GEO
Project description:The specific mechanism of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor in heart failure (HF) needs to be elucidated. In this study, we use SGLT2 global knockout (SGLT2-KO) mice to assess the mechanism of SGLT2 inhibitor on HF. Dapagliflozin ameliorates both myocardial infarction (MI)-and transverse aortic constriction (TAC) -induced HF. Global SGLT2-deficiency doesn’t exert protection against adverse remodeling in both MI- and TAC-induced HF models. Dapagliflozin blurs MI- and TAC-induced HF phenotypes in SGLT2-KO mice. Dapagliflozin causes major changes in cardiac fibrosis and inflammation. Based on single-cell RNA sequencing dapagliflozin causes significant differences in the gene expression profile of macrophages and fibroblasts. Moreover, dapagliflozin directly inhibites macrophage inflammation, thereby suppressing cardiac fibroblasts activation. The cardio-protection of dapagliflozin is blurred in mice treated with a C-C chemokine receptor type 2 (CCR2) antagonist. Taken together the protective effects of dapagliflozin against HF are independent of SGLT2, macrophage inhibition is the main target of dapagliflozin against HF.
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Project description:SGLT2 inhibition decreases complement C1q, maintaining renal antibacterial response
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Project description:Dapagliflozin is a member of a new class of medication called gliflozins indicated for the treatment of diabetes and has recently been also approved for the treatment of kidney and heart diseases. Gliflozins lower blood glucose levels by inhibition of the sodium glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2), which is predominantly expressed in the S1 segment of renal proximal tubules and responsible for >90% of renal glucose reabsorption. Renal and cardio protection by gliflozins cannot be solely explained by blood glucose lowering. To gain further mechanistic insights, we determined the metabolomic and proteomic signature of dapagliflozin in a murine model of diabetes. Male C57BL/6 non-diabetic wildtype and littermate Ins2 (Akita) diabetic mice, both fed a Western diet for 5 weeks, were given dapagliflozin (10 mg/kg diet) or vehicle for one week (4 groups, N=8/group). Blood and urine glucose levels confirmed the expected treatment response. We analyzed metabolome, proteome and phosphoproteome for a range of tissues (kidney, liver, heart, smooth muscle, white adipose tissue) and body fluids (serum, urine, erythrocytes), and extended the analysis to the gut metaproteome.
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Project description:With advancing age, neurovascular dysfunction manifests as impaired neurovascular coupling (NVC), microvascular rarefaction, and blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption, contributing to vascular cognitive impairment (VCI). Our previous research established a causal link between vascular senescence induced cerebromicrovascular dysfunction and cognitive decline in accelerated aging models. The present study examines whether chronological aging promotes endothelial senescence, adversely affecting neurovascular health, and whether senolytic therapies can enhance neurovascular function and cognitive performance in aged mice. We used transgenic p16-3MR mice to identify and eliminate senescent cells and employed genetic (ganciclovir) and pharmacological (ABT263/Navitoclax) senolytic approaches. Evaluations included spatial memory performance, NVC responses, cortical microvascular density, BBB permeability, and detection of senescent endothelial cells via flow cytometry. Brain endothelial cells exhibited heightened sensitivity to aging-induced senescence, undergoing senescence at a greater rate and earlier than other brain cell types, particularly during middle age. This microvascular endothelial cell senescence was associated with NVC dysfunction, microvascular rarefaction, BBB disruption, and deteriorating cognitive performance. On the other hand, senolytic treatments in aged mice improved NVC responses, BBB integrity, microvascular density, and learning capabilities. Notably, these findings suggest that the most effective time window for senolytic treatment is in middle-aged mice, where early intervention could better prevent neurovascular dysfunction and mitigate age-related cognitive impairment.
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Project description:The CANVAS program revealed that the SGLT2 inhibitor canagliflozin increases the risk for lower-limb (minor) amputations in type 2 diabetics about a two-fold. On the contrary, the large RCTs with empagliflozin and dapagliflozin did not demonstrate a similar observation. Thus, a question arises whether the increased risk for minor amputations is associated only with canagliflozin or whether it is a class effect of SGLT2 inhibitors. Vascular disorders including defective angiogenesis are among the leading causes of lower-limb amputations. Therefore, here we examined the effects of empagliflozin, dapagliflozin, and canagliflozin on angiogenesis using zebrafish embryos and HUVECs.
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Project description:SGLT2 inhibitors and zebrafish
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Project description:SGLT2 inhibitors, which inhibit glucose reabsorption in the proximal tubule, are well established in the treatment of diabetes mellitus, chronic kidney disease, and heart failure. Although these agents induce glucosuria, clinical trials have consistently shown no increase in renal bacterial infection rates. To investigate the mechanisms that compensate for the increased risk of bacterial growth associated with glucosuria, we employed a pyelonephritis mouse model. In this model, approximately 40-day-old C57BL/6J mice were treated with or without empagliflozin and subsequently infected with the uropathogenic Escherichia coli strain 536. RNA-seq data were obtained from kidneys 16 hours post-infection.
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Project description:To investigate whether MEK1/2 inhibition attenuates MAPK signaling in RIT1 M90I mice and ameliorates cardiac tissue overgrowth, we treated a cohort of 4-week-old mice harboring a germline Rit1M90I variant with the allosteric MEK1/2 inhibitor trametinib (MEKi).
2022-12-01 | GSE207187 | GEO