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APOE3-R136S mutation confers resilience against tau pathology via cGAS-STING-IFN inhibition [bulk RNA-seq]

ABSTRACT: APOE3-R136S mutation confers resilience against tau pathology via cGAS-STING-IFN inhibition [bulk RNA-seq]

PROVIDER: PRJNA1266081 | ENA |

REPOSITORIES: ENA

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			Action	DRS
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	SRR33653643_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR33653643_2.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR33653646_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR33653646_2.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz

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APOE3-R136S mutation confers resilience against tau pathology via cGAS-STING-IFN inhibition

Project description:The Christchurch mutation (R136S) on the APOE3 (E3S/S) gene is associated with attenuation of tau load and cognitive decline despite the presence of a causal PSEN1 mutation and high levels of amyloid beta pathology in the carrier. However, the specific molecular mechanisms enabling the E3S/S mutation to mitigate tau-induced neurodegeneration remain unclear. Here, we replaced mouse ApoE with wild-type human E3 or E3S/S on a tauopathy background. The R136S mutation markedly decreased tau load and protected against tau-induced synaptic loss, myelin loss, and reduction in theta and gamma powers. Additionally, the R136S mutation reduced interferon response to tau pathology in both mouse and human microglia, suppressing cGAS-STING activation. Treating tauopathy mice carrying wild-type E3 with a cGAS inhibitor protected against tau-induced synaptic loss and induced similar transcriptomic alterations to those induced by the R136S mutation across brain cell types. Thus, suppression of microglial cGAS-STING-IFN pathway plays a central role in mediating the protective effects of R136S against tauopathy.

2025-06-15 | GSE297721 | GEO

APOE3-R136S mutation confers resilience against tau pathology via cGAS-STING-IFN inhibition [bulk RNA-seq]

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APOE3-R136S mutation confers resilience against tau pathology via cGAS-STING-IFN inhibition

Project description:APOE3-R136S mutation confers resilience against tau pathology via cGAS-STING-IFN inhibition

| PRJNA1265955 | ENA

Microbial infection instigates tau-related pathology in Alzheimer's disease via activating neuroimmune cGAS-STING pathway

Project description:Microbial infection, the strong trigger to directly induce inflammation in brain, is long considered a risk factor of Alzheimer's disease (AD), but how these infections contribute to neurodegeneration remains underexplored. To examine the effect of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) infection on tauopathy in local hippocampus of P301S mice, we utilized a modified HSV-1 strain (mHSV-1) potentially relevant to AD, we found that its infection promotes tau-related pathology in part via activating neuroimmune cGAS-STING pathway in the tau mouse model. Specifically, Sting ablation causes the detectable improvement of neuronal dysfunction and loss in P301S mice, which is causally linked to lowered proinflammatory status in the brain. Administration of STING inhibitor H-151 alleviates neuroinflammation and tau-related pathology in P301S mice. These results jointly suggest that herpesviral infection, as the vital environmental risk factor, could induce tau-related pathology in AD pathogenesis partially via neuroinflammatory cGAS-STING pathway.

2024-04-11 | GSE229411 | GEO

Microbial infection instigates tau-related pathology in Alzheimer's disease via activating neuroimmune cGAS-STING pathway

2025-04-17 | GSE264504 | GEO

Cyclic GMP-AMP synthase and interferon activation diminish MEF2C-mediated cognitive resilience II

Project description:Here we report that activation of cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) diminishes cognitive resilience by decreasing the neuronal transcriptional network of myocyte enhancer factor 2c (MEF2C) through type I interferon (IFN-I) signaling. Pathogenic tau activates cGAS and IFN-I responses in microglia, in part mediated by cytosolic leakage of mitochondrial DNA. Genetic ablation of cGAS in tauopathy mice diminished microglial IFN-I response, preserved synapse integrity and plasticity, and protected against cognitive impairment without affecting the pathogenic tau load. cGAS ablation enhanced, while activation of IFN-I downregulated, neuronal MEF2C expression network linked with cognitive resilience in AD.

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DAP12 deficiency alters microglia-oligodendrocyte communication and enhances resilience against tau toxicity

Project description:Pathogenic tau accumulation fuels neurodegeneration in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The role of microglia in tau-driven neurodegeneration is intricate, with DAP12 (DNAX-activation protein 12) triggering microglial immune responses. Mice lacking DAP12 become resistant to tau-induced brain toxicity in tauopathy mice, yet the precise mechanism remains elusive. Our current study uncovers a novel resilience mechanism against tau toxicity conferred by Dap12 deletion. While inactivation of Dap12 elevates tau inclusions, potentially disrupting microglial tau processing, it curbs tau-induced brain inflammation and ameliorates myelin and synapse loss. Tau-induced disease-associated clusters in microglia (MG) and intermediate oligodendrocytes (iOli) are abolished by removal of Dap12. Additionally, AD brains exhibit mouse iOli-like cells spatially correlated with tau pathology. In summary, our study reveals that DAP12 signaling triggers toxic interactions between microglia and oligodendrocytes in tauopathy, mediating tau-induced damage to oligodendrocytes and synaptic loss. Targeting DAP12 signaling presents a promising therapeutic approach for enhancing resilience against tau toxicity in AD.

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Distinct tau neuropathology and cellular profiles of a APOE3 Christchurch homozygote protected against Autosomal Dominant Alzheimer’s dementia

Project description:We describe in vivo follow-up PET imaging and postmortem findings from an autosomal dominant Alzheimer’s disease (ADAD) PSEN1 E280A carrier who was also homozygous for the APOE3 Christchurch (APOE3ch) variant and was protected against Alzheimer’s symptoms for almost three decades beyond the expected age of onset. We identified a distinct anatomical pattern of tau pathology with atypical accumulation in vivo and unusual postmortem regional distribution characterized by sparing in the frontal cortex and severe pathology in the occipital cortex. The frontal cortex and the hippocampus, less affected than the occipital cortex by tau pathology, contained Related Orphan Receptor B (RORB) positive neurons, homeostatic astrocytes and higher APOE expression. The occipital cortex, the only cortical region showing cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA), exhibited a distinctive chronic inflammatory microglial profile and lower APOE expression. Thus, the Christchurch variant impacts the distribution of tau pathology, modulates age at onset, severity, progression, and clinical presentation of ADAD, suggesting possible therapeutic strategies.

2022-08-26 | GSE206744 | GEO

Microglial APOE3 Christchurch protects neurons from Tau pathology in a human iPSC-based model of Alzheimer's disease

Project description:Microglial APOE3 Christchurch protects neurons from Tau pathology in a human iPSC-based model of Alzheimer's disease

| PRJNA801614 | ENA

STING–IFN–CH25H lipid axis links innate immune activation to tau pathology [RNA-seq]

Project description:Genetic risk for Alzheimer’s disease is strongly enriched in pathways governing microglial activation and cholesterol metabolism, yet how these processes converge to drive neurodegeneration remains unclear. Here, we identify the oxysterol 25-hydroxycholesterol (25-HC) as a pathogenic lipid downstream of the cGAS-STING–IFN pathway. In models of tau pathology, interferon signaling induces Cholesterol 25-hydroxylase (CH25H) expression in microglia. Ch25h deletion in female P301S mice suppressed tau aggregation, preserved synapses, prevented brain atrophy, and rescued memory. Mechanistically, loss of CH25H disrupted STING trafficking, attenuated IFN activation, dampened self-perpetuating microglial inflammation. Strikingly, 25HC directly accelerated tau propagation in human iPSC derived neurons. It also disrupted lysosomal and mitochondrial lipid composition, driving cholesteryl ester accumulation and promoting apoptosis under tau-induced stress. These findings define a STING–IFN–CH25H lipid axis that bridges innate immune activation to tau pathology and toxicity, offering a tractable therapeutic pathway for inflammation-driven neurodegenerative conditions.

2025-12-09 | GSE313022 | GEO

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