Project description:We performed RNAseq on total RNA extracted from spleens isolated from mice infected with Orientia tsutsugamushi Karp or Gilliam strains, as well as mock-infected mice to investigate the unique transcriptomic environments elicited by two different Orientia tsutsugamushi strains.
Project description:We performed RNAseq on total RNA extracted from brains of mice infected with Orientia tsutsugamushi to investigate the transcriptomic signature of this tissue throughout infection.
Project description:We performed NanoString analysis on total RNA extracted from spleens of mice infected with Orientia tsutsugamushi to investigate the transcriptomic signature of these cells throughout infection.
Project description:We performed RNAseq on total RNA extracted from splenic B cells isolated from mice infected with Orientia tsutsugamushi to investigate the dynamic transcriptomic signature of these cells throughout infection. We then performed differential expression analysis, meta-analysis, and gene set enrichment anaylsis using data obtained by RNA-seq of mock infected (D0) and O. tsutsugamushi-infected mice (D4 and D8).
Project description:Tuberculous meningitis is one of the fatal forms of extra pulmonary disease associated with high mortality and severe neurological defects in affected individuals. We have carried out transcriptome level analysis using whole human genome microarrays to identify differential expression of genes between tuberculous meningitis and normals. In our gene expression analysis, we found 2,434 genes that were differentially erexpressed with 2 or more than 2 fold changes between tuberculous meningitis compared to normal cases. Most of the genes encoded many of the proteins, which involves metabolism, energy pathways, cell growth and/or maintenance, transport and cell communication and signal transduction. We have performed immunohistochemistry for the validation of some of the novel candidates identified in our microarray studies.!Series_overall_design = Present study carried out mRNA expression profiling of five samples from patients diagnosed with tuberculous meningitis and four head injury cases were used as controls. We have used 4X44K arrays from agilent plaform. To validate our microarray results, we have done Immunohistochemistry on 15 TBM cases with control groups. Present study carried out mRNA expression profiling of five samples from patients diagnosed with tuberculous meningitis and four head injury cases were used as controls. We have used 4X44K arrays from agilent plaform. To validate our microarray results, we have done Immunohistochemistry on 15 TBM cases with control groups.!Series_type = Expression profiling by array
Project description:Infections by intracellular pathogens often cause insult to host cell DNA, which stimulates responses that ultimately eliminate the damaged cell and hence the microbial niche. p53 is an innate immunity mediator that responds to DNA damage and intracellular infection by transcriptionally activating pathways that arrest the cell cycle, repair DNA, and elicit apoptosis. How pathogens counter p53 are incompletely understood. Here, we demonstrate that the endotheliotropic obligate intracellular bacterium Orientia tsutsugamushi blocks transcription of TP53 to nearly deplete p53 levels. Contrary to the unrestricted proliferation expected based on the transcriptome of p53-deficient infected cells, Orientia arrests the cell cycle at S phase to promote bacterial replication. It protects host endothelial cells from DNA damage even if induced by etoposide and delays genotoxic-dependent apoptosis until late in infection once a high bacterial load has been achieved. TP53 downregulation, protection against genotoxicity, and inhibition of DNA damage-dependent apoptosis are executed by the Orientia nucleomodulatory effector, Ank13. Therefore, O. tsutsugamushi inhibits TP53 expression and genotoxicity to reconfigure the intracellular environment of its host cell into one that favors bacterial replication.
Project description:Scrub typhus is a life-threatening disease caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi, a bacterium that mainly infects endothelial cells in vitro and in vivo. Evidence suggests that the interaction of O. tsutsugamushi with myeloid cells may play a pivotal role in O. tsutsugamushi infection. We showed here that O. tsutsugamushi intensively replicated within human monocyte-derived macrophages. Bacterial organisms stimulated the expression of a large panel of genes including type I interferon, interferon-stimulated, inflammatory, apoptosis-related genes and induced an M1-type gene response in macrophages. This transcriptional signature was accompanied by functional consequences such as the release of inflammatory cytokines such as Tumor Necrosis Factor and interleukin-gamma. Live O. tsutsugamushi organisms were necessary for type I interferon response and, to a lesser degree, to inflammatory response. As interferon-gamma is known to elicit M1 polarization, we assessed the effect of interferon-gamma on O. tsutsugamushi fate in macrophages. Exogenous interferon-gamma partly inhibited O. tsutsugamushi replication within macrophages. Our results suggest that the inflammatory response induced by O. tsutsugamushi may account for the local and systemic inflammation observed in scrub typhus and that interferon-gamma may be useful as an adjuvant treatment of patients with scrub typhus.
Project description:Tuberculous meningitis is one of the fatal forms of extra pulmonary disease associated with high mortality and severe neurological defects in affected individuals. We have carried out transcriptome level analysis using whole human genome microarrays to identify differential expression of genes between tuberculous meningitis and normals. In our gene expression analysis, we found 2,434 genes that were differentially erexpressed with 2 or more than 2 fold changes between tuberculous meningitis compared to normal cases. Most of the genes encoded many of the proteins, which involves metabolism, energy pathways, cell growth and/or maintenance, transport and cell communication and signal transduction. We have performed immunohistochemistry for the validation of some of the novel candidates identified in our microarray studies.!Series_overall_design = Present study carried out mRNA expression profiling of five samples from patients diagnosed with tuberculous meningitis and four head injury cases were used as controls. We have used 4X44K arrays from agilent plaform. To validate our microarray results, we have done Immunohistochemistry on 15 TBM cases with control groups.