Project description:Activated immune cells infiltrate the vasculature during the pathophysiology of hypertension by establishing a vascular-immune interface that contributes to blood pressure dysregulation and organ failure. Many observations indicate a key role of CD8+ T cells in hypertension but mechanisms regulating their activation and interplay with the cardiovascular system are still unknown. In murine model, here we show that a specific member of the phosphoinositide-3-kinases (PI3K) family of lipid kinases, PI3Kγ, is a key intracellular signaling of CD8+ T cells activation and RANTES/CCL5 secretion in hypertension: CCL5-CCR5 signaling is crucial for the establishment of the vascular-immune interface in peripheral organs, lastly contributing to CD8+ tissue infiltration, organ dysfunction and blood pressure elevation. Our studies identify PI3Kγ as a booster of effector CD8+ T cell function, even in the absence of external stimuli. Lastly, an enhanced PI3Kγ signaling mediates the bystander activation of CD8+ T cells and proves effective in transferring the hypertensive phenotype between mice.
Project description:The silkworm (Bombyx mori) has long been considered a source of food and medicine due to its high nutritional, medicinal, and economic value in East Asia. However, in some sensitive individuals, silkworm consumption can cause allergenic reactions such as vomiting, asthma, and anaphylaxis. Therefore, the development of a reliable method for silkworm detection is required to avoid such allergenic incidents. In this study, two different methods (liquid chromatography combined with mass spectrometry [LC-MS/MS] and real-time polymerase chain reaction [PCR]) were developed to determine an efficient technique for silkworm detection in foods. The developed methods demonstrated high sensitivity in detecting the silkworm in processed foods. Silkworm-spiked model cookies were used to confirm the sensitivity of both LC-MS/MS (0.0005%) and real-time PCR (0.001%). These methods were found to be useful for detecting the silkworm in foods and avoiding allergenic reactions. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to compare LC-MS/MS and real-time PCR for silkworm detection in complex processed foods.