Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA1286812 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:Multiple origins of sex chromosomes in Nothobranchius killifishes
| PRJNA1284976 | ENA
Project description:The prevalence of cardiovascular disease varies with sex, and the impact of intrinsic sex-based differences on vasculature is not well understood. Animal models can provide important insight into some aspects of human biology, however not all discoveries in animal systems translate well to humans. To explore the impact of chromosomal sex on proteomic phenotypes, we used iPSC-derived vascular smooth muscle cells from healthy donors of both sexes to identify sex-based proteomic differences and their possible effects on cardiovascular pathophysiology. Our analysis confirmed that differentiated cells have a proteomic profile more similar to healthy primary aortic smooth muscle than iPSCs. We also identified sex-based differences in iPSC-derived vascular smooth muscle in pathways related to ATP binding, glycogen metabolic process, and cadherin binding as well as multiple proteins relevant to cardiovascular pathophysiology and disease. Additionally, we explored the role of autosomal and sex chromosomes in protein regulation, identifying that proteins on autosomal chromosomes also show sex-based regulation that may affect the protein expression of proteins from autosomal chromosomes. This work supports the biological relevance of iPSC-derived vascular smooth muscle cells as a model for disease, and further exploration of the pathways identified here can lead to the discovery of sex-specific pharmacological targets for cardiovascular disease.
2024-07-23 | MSV000095417 | MassIVE
Project description:We report the expression profiles of putative genes involved in temperature-dependent sex determination across multiple developmental stages in turtles, and contrast this data with equivalent stages in turtles with sex chromosomes
2018-02-14 | GSE94871 | GEO
Project description:Eukaryotic genomes typically consist of multiple (linear) chromosomes that are replicated from multiple origins. Several hypothetical scenarios have been proposed to account for the evolution of multi-origin/multi-chromosome genomes, which are encountered in modern eukaryotes and archaea. Here we report an example of the generation of a new chromosome in the halophilic archaeon Haloferax volcanii through one of these scenarios: acquisition of new replication origins and splitting of an ancestral chromosome into two replication-competent chromosomes. The multi-origin main chromosome has split into two genome elements via homologous recombination. The newly generated elements possess all the features of bona fide chromosomes. To our knowledge, the spontaneous generation of a new chromosome in prokaryotes without horizontal gene transfer has not been reported previously.
2018-04-17 | GSE108201 | GEO
Project description:Progress through the division cycle of present day eukaryotic cells is controlled by a complex network consisting of (i) cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) and their associated cyclins, (ii) kinases and phosphatases that regulate CDK activity, and (iii) stoichiometric inhibitors that sequester cyclin-CDK dimers. Presumably regulation of cell division in the earliest ancestors of eukaryotes was a considerably simpler affair. Nasmyth (1995) recently proposed a mechanism for control of a putative, primordial, eukaryotic cell cycle, based on antagonistic interactions between a cyclin-CDK and the anaphase promoting complex (APC) that labels the cyclin subunit for proteolysis. We recast this idea in mathematical form and show that the model exhibits hysteretic behaviour between alternative steady states: a Gl-like state (APC on, CDK activity low, DNA unreplicated and replication complexes assembled) and an S/M-like state (APC off, CDK activity high, DNA replicated and replication complexes disassembled). In our model, the transition from G1 to S/M ('Start') is driven by cell growth, and the reverse transition ('Finish') is driven by completion of DNA synthesis and proper alignment of chromosomes on the metaphase plate. This simple and effective mechanism for coupling growth and division and for accurately copying and partitioning a genome consisting of numerous chromosomes, each with multiple origins of replication, could represent the core of the eukaryotic cell cycle. Furthermore, we show how other controls could be added to this core and speculate on the reasons why stoichiometric inhibitors and CDK inhibitory phosphorylation might have been appended to the primitive alternation between cyclin accumulation and degradation.
2020-05-04 | MODEL2005040001 | BioModels
Project description:Sex chromosomes in Trichonephila senegalensis
| PRJEB41652 | ENA